Church of God Knowledge Encyclopedia - User contributions [en]

Biblical Dietary Laws

2026-01-08T05:39:40Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 음식법]][[File:Green borscht ingredients.jpg|thumb|The Bible teaches different dietary laws depending on the era.]]The '''dietary law in the Bible''' refers to the regulations concerning food that [[God]] allowed for His people. From the Garden of Eden, through the Old Testament, and into the New Testament, the Bible shows that dietary laws differed in each age. Since every law of God is given for the salvation of humanity, those who obey according to God’s will in their respective age can be saved.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:21 |quote= }}</ref> In the same way, following the dietary law permitted in one’s age is the proper way to obey God and the path to salvation.

==Dietary Law in the Old Testament==
===Garden of Eden===
[[File:Thomas Cole The Garden of Eden detail Amon Carter Museum.jpg|thumb|280px|''The Garden of Eden'', Thomas Cole]]
The first [[Bible|biblical]] dietary law appears in the Garden of Eden. At that time, God gave plants—seed-bearing herbs and trees with seed-bearing fruit—as food, along with the Tree of Life. However, He commanded Adam and Eve not to eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil in the middle of the garden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+2%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 2:15–17 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Then God said, “I give you '''every seed-bearing plant''' on the face of the whole earth and '''every tree that has fruit with seed in it'''. They will be yours for food.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1%3A29&version=NIV Genesis 1:29]}}

After [[Adam]] and [[Eve]] sinned by eating the forbidden fruit, they were no longer allowed to eat from the Tree of Life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+3%3A22-24&version=NIV |title=Genesis 3:22–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===After the Flood===
In the time of Noah, after God [[Last Judgment|judged]] the wicked world with the flood, He permitted [[Noah]]—the righteous man who followed Him—and his family to eat meat, on the condition that they did not eat it with blood. From that time on, both plants and meat became part of the God-given diet.
{{quote5 |내용=“'''Everything that lives and moves''' about will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything. But you must not eat meat that has its lifeblood still in it.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A3-4&version=NIV Genesis 9:3–4]}}

This dietary law continued until the time of Moses.

===Time of Moses===
[[File:Sheep lounging in the shade of a tree with matriarch standing guard.jpg|thumb|250px|In the Law of Moses, animals were divided into clean and unclean.]]
During the time of Moses, God gave the Israelites the [[The Ten Commandments|Ten Commandments]] along with various additional laws, including dietary regulations.
{{quote5 |내용=The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat: '''You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.''' There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them. The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. . . . And the pig, though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A1-23&version=NIV Leviticus 11:1–23]}}

Before this point, no distinction existed among animals. However, beginning with Moses, animals were divided into '''''clean''''' and '''''unclean'''''. Only animals with a divided hoof and that chewed the cud were considered clean and could be eaten; others were unclean and forbidden. God also classified sea creatures,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:9–12 |quote= }}</ref> birds,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A13-19&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:13–19 |quote= }}</ref> and insects<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A20-23&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:20–23 |quote= }}</ref> into clean and unclean categories, commanding the Israelites to eat only what was clean so that they might remain holy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A43-47&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:43–47 |quote= }}</ref> This dietary law became a sign distinguishing Israel from other nations<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+14%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 14:2–3 |quote= }}</ref> and remained deeply rooted in their daily life for centuries.

==Dietary Law in the New Testament==
[[File:Desserts in Switzerland.jpg|thumb|In New Testament times, all foods are permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.]]
Two thousand years ago, [[Jesus Christ]] abolished the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]], which had been given to Israel in the Old Testament, and established the [[Law of Christ]]—the [[New Covenant]]—for the salvation of all humanity. With this, the dietary law given in the time of Moses was replaced by the dietary law of Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:10–11 |quote= }}</ref>

At the Jerusalem Council, under the guidance of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]], the apostles declared the New Testament dietary law: All foods were permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.

{{quote5 |내용=It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us not to burden you with anything beyond the following requirements: You are to '''abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals''' and from sexual immorality. You will do well to avoid these things. Farewell. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+15%3A28-29&version=NIV Acts 15:28–29]}}

The early Church people who received Christ no longer followed the dietary regulations of Moses but obeyed the new dietary teaching given in the New Testament. To ignore this teaching and insist on Old Testament regulations is to disobey God’s word and stand in opposition to Him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+4%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 4:1–3 |quote= }}</ref> For this reason, the Apostle [[Paul]] warned that those who cling solely to the Law of Moses would be cut off from [[Christ]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+5%3A4&version=NIV |title=Galatians 5:4 |quote= }}</ref>

The removal of the distinction between clean and unclean animals in the New Testament also symbolized that salvation was now extended to all nations. For about 1,500 years—from the time of [[Moses]] onward—dietary laws were a significant factor that distinguished [[Jew|Jews]] from Gentiles. Jews regarded Gentiles as unclean largely because of the food they ate. But after Jesus Christ [[Crucifixion|sacrificed Himself on the cross]] for all people, the grace of salvation—once limited to Israel—was now granted equally to all nations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+10%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Romans 10:9–12 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+2%3A11-19&version=NIV |title=Ephesians 2:11–19 |quote= }}</ref> Since Christ cleansed the Gentiles, even the unclean animals that symbolized them were now considered clean.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+10%3A9-48&version=NIV |title=Acts 10:9–48 |quote= }}</ref> From that time on, the message of salvation was proclaimed to all people without distinction.

==Dietary Laws by Era==
The following is a table summarizing the biblical dietary law by era.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center " width="58%" "
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Era'''||'''Dietary Law'''
|- style="background: white"
|Garden of Eden||All plants and fruits (except the tree of knowledge of good and evil)
|- style="background: white"
|After the Flood
|Meat allowed (but not with blood)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A4&version=NIV |title=Genesis 9:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
|- style="background: white"
|Law of Moses
|Only clean animals permitted
|- style="background: white"
|Since Christ
|All food permitted, except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and meat of strangled animals
|}

==See also==
*[[The Law of Moses]]
*[[Law of Christ]]
*[[Christ]]
*[[New Covenant]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Gospel of the New Covenant]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]

Biblical Dietary Laws

2026-01-08T05:39:23Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 음식법]]
[[File:Green borscht ingredients.jpg|thumb|The Bible teaches different dietary laws depending on the era.]]The '''dietary law in the Bible''' refers to the regulations concerning food that [[God]] allowed for His people. From the Garden of Eden, through the Old Testament, and into the New Testament, the Bible shows that dietary laws differed in each age. Since every law of God is given for the salvation of humanity, those who obey according to God’s will in their respective age can be saved.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:21 |quote= }}</ref> In the same way, following the dietary law permitted in one’s age is the proper way to obey God and the path to salvation.

==Dietary Law in the Old Testament==
===Garden of Eden===
[[File:Thomas Cole The Garden of Eden detail Amon Carter Museum.jpg|thumb|280px|''The Garden of Eden'', Thomas Cole]]
The first [[Bible|biblical]] dietary law appears in the Garden of Eden. At that time, God gave plants—seed-bearing herbs and trees with seed-bearing fruit—as food, along with the Tree of Life. However, He commanded Adam and Eve not to eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil in the middle of the garden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+2%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 2:15–17 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Then God said, “I give you '''every seed-bearing plant''' on the face of the whole earth and '''every tree that has fruit with seed in it'''. They will be yours for food.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1%3A29&version=NIV Genesis 1:29]}}

After [[Adam]] and [[Eve]] sinned by eating the forbidden fruit, they were no longer allowed to eat from the Tree of Life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+3%3A22-24&version=NIV |title=Genesis 3:22–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===After the Flood===
In the time of Noah, after God [[Last Judgment|judged]] the wicked world with the flood, He permitted [[Noah]]—the righteous man who followed Him—and his family to eat meat, on the condition that they did not eat it with blood. From that time on, both plants and meat became part of the God-given diet.
{{quote5 |내용=“'''Everything that lives and moves''' about will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything. But you must not eat meat that has its lifeblood still in it.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A3-4&version=NIV Genesis 9:3–4]}}

This dietary law continued until the time of Moses.

===Time of Moses===
[[File:Sheep lounging in the shade of a tree with matriarch standing guard.jpg|thumb|250px|In the Law of Moses, animals were divided into clean and unclean.]]
During the time of Moses, God gave the Israelites the [[The Ten Commandments|Ten Commandments]] along with various additional laws, including dietary regulations.
{{quote5 |내용=The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat: '''You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.''' There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them. The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. . . . And the pig, though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A1-23&version=NIV Leviticus 11:1–23]}}

Before this point, no distinction existed among animals. However, beginning with Moses, animals were divided into '''''clean''''' and '''''unclean'''''. Only animals with a divided hoof and that chewed the cud were considered clean and could be eaten; others were unclean and forbidden. God also classified sea creatures,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:9–12 |quote= }}</ref> birds,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A13-19&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:13–19 |quote= }}</ref> and insects<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A20-23&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:20–23 |quote= }}</ref> into clean and unclean categories, commanding the Israelites to eat only what was clean so that they might remain holy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A43-47&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:43–47 |quote= }}</ref> This dietary law became a sign distinguishing Israel from other nations<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+14%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 14:2–3 |quote= }}</ref> and remained deeply rooted in their daily life for centuries.

==Dietary Law in the New Testament==
[[File:Desserts in Switzerland.jpg|thumb|In New Testament times, all foods are permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.]]
Two thousand years ago, [[Jesus Christ]] abolished the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]], which had been given to Israel in the Old Testament, and established the [[Law of Christ]]—the [[New Covenant]]—for the salvation of all humanity. With this, the dietary law given in the time of Moses was replaced by the dietary law of Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:10–11 |quote= }}</ref>

At the Jerusalem Council, under the guidance of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]], the apostles declared the New Testament dietary law: All foods were permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.

{{quote5 |내용=It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us not to burden you with anything beyond the following requirements: You are to '''abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals''' and from sexual immorality. You will do well to avoid these things. Farewell. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+15%3A28-29&version=NIV Acts 15:28–29]}}

The early Church people who received Christ no longer followed the dietary regulations of Moses but obeyed the new dietary teaching given in the New Testament. To ignore this teaching and insist on Old Testament regulations is to disobey God’s word and stand in opposition to Him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+4%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 4:1–3 |quote= }}</ref> For this reason, the Apostle [[Paul]] warned that those who cling solely to the Law of Moses would be cut off from [[Christ]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+5%3A4&version=NIV |title=Galatians 5:4 |quote= }}</ref>

The removal of the distinction between clean and unclean animals in the New Testament also symbolized that salvation was now extended to all nations. For about 1,500 years—from the time of [[Moses]] onward—dietary laws were a significant factor that distinguished [[Jew|Jews]] from Gentiles. Jews regarded Gentiles as unclean largely because of the food they ate. But after Jesus Christ [[Crucifixion|sacrificed Himself on the cross]] for all people, the grace of salvation—once limited to Israel—was now granted equally to all nations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+10%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Romans 10:9–12 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+2%3A11-19&version=NIV |title=Ephesians 2:11–19 |quote= }}</ref> Since Christ cleansed the Gentiles, even the unclean animals that symbolized them were now considered clean.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+10%3A9-48&version=NIV |title=Acts 10:9–48 |quote= }}</ref> From that time on, the message of salvation was proclaimed to all people without distinction.

==Dietary Laws by Era==
The following is a table summarizing the biblical dietary law by era.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center " width="58%" "
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Era'''||'''Dietary Law'''
|- style="background: white"
|Garden of Eden||All plants and fruits (except the tree of knowledge of good and evil)
|- style="background: white"
|After the Flood
|Meat allowed (but not with blood)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A4&version=NIV |title=Genesis 9:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
|- style="background: white"
|Law of Moses
|Only clean animals permitted
|- style="background: white"
|Since Christ
|All food permitted, except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and meat of strangled animals
|}

==See also==
*[[The Law of Moses]]
*[[Law of Christ]]
*[[Christ]]
*[[New Covenant]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Gospel of the New Covenant]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]

Antichrist

2026-01-08T03:09:40Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:적그리스도]]The term '''''Antichrist''''' refers to “one who opposes [[Christ]]” or “the enemy of Christ.” In the Bible, the Antichrist is described as an evil being foretold in prophecy—one who abolishes truth and deceives the world through miracles, lawlessness, and falsehoods. The [[Bible]] also refers to this figure as the “false prophet,” the “[[false Christ]],” the “man of lawlessness,” and the “son of destruction.”

==Warnings Concerning the Antichrist==
[[File:The Parable of the Weeds - Domencio Fetti.jpg|thumb|''The Parable of the Weeds'', Domenico Fetti, 1622: In the parables of Jesus, the one who sows weeds in the field is described as the enemy, the devil.]]
The term ''Antichrist'' first appears in [[Book of 1 John|1 John]] and [[Book of 2 John|2 John]], where it refers to those who deny the [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|incarnate]] Christ and are called liars. John also prophesied that many antichrists would arise in the last days.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2002&version=NIV |title=1 John 2:22 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2004&version=NIV |title=1 John 4:3 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+John%2001&version=NIV |title=2 John 1:7 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Dear children, this is the last hour; and as you have heard that the '''antichrist''' is coming, even now many '''antichrists''' have come. This is how we know it is the last hour. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2002&version=NIV 1 John 2:18]}}

Although not always named explicitly as “Antichrist,” various biblical passages describe individuals or powers that oppose Christ and obstruct the gospel work of [[God]]. The prophet [[Daniel (Prophet)|Daniel]] foretold that one who opposes God would change God’s appointed times and laws.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+7%3A25&version=NIV |title=Daniel 7:25 |quote= }}</ref> Jesus Christ warned against “the one who sows weeds,” “false Christs,” and “false prophets.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2013%3A24-30%2C%2036-42&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:24–30, 36–42 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A23-24&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:23–24 |quote= }}</ref> Apostle [[Paul]] cautioned believers by describing the Antichrist as “the man of lawlessness, the son of destruction.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Thessalonians+2%3A3-4&version=NIV |title=2 Thessalonians 2:3–4 |quote= }}</ref>

==Characteristics of the Antichrist==
[[File:Brooklyn Museum - The Chief Priests Ask Jesus by What Right Does He Act in This Way - James Tissot.jpg|thumb|''The Chief Priests Ask Jesus by What Right Does He Act in This Way'', James Jacques Joseph Tissot, 1886–1894: Jewish religious leaders refused to believe in Jesus Christ, the incarnation of God.]]
The Antichrist does not oppose God in ways that are immediately obvious. Instead, he disguises himself in “sheep’s clothing,” presenting himself as a servant of God while secretly opposing Him and deceiving believers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A15&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:15 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+11%3A14-15&version=NIV |title=2 Corinthians 11:14–15 |quote= }}</ref>

A representative example from Jesus’ time can be seen in the religious leaders, such as the chief priests, the [[Scribes in the Bible|teachers of the law]], and the [[The Pharisees|Pharisees]], who opposed Christ. Through their actions, we can understand the characteristics of the Antichrist.

===Denial of God in the Flesh===
Two thousand years ago, according to biblical prophecy, God came in the flesh, born as a child.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+9%3A6&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 9:6 |quote= }}</ref> This was Jesus Christ. However, the religious leaders of Judaism, who claimed to believe in God, rejected Him. They ignored the prophecies concerning Christ and instead criticized [[Appearance and Living Environment of Jesus|His physical appearance, background, and circumstances]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A37-38&version=NIV |title=Luke 11:37–38 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+15%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Luke 15:1–2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A42&version=NIV |title=John 6:42 |quote= }}</ref> Ultimately, they [[Crucifixion|crucified]] Him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A33&version=NIV |title=John 10:33 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A35-44&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:35–44 |quote= }}</ref> Thus, the Antichrist is one who denies God who comes in the flesh and hinders the [[gospel]] by emphasizing Christ’s human aspects rather than recognizing His divinity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+4%3A4&version=NIV |title=2 Corinthians 4:4 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Many deceivers, '''who do not acknowledge Jesus Christ as coming in the flesh''', have gone out into the world. Any such person is the deceiver and the antichrist. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+John%2001&version=NIV 2 John 1:7]}}
===The Man of Lawlessness===
Jesus rebuked the Pharisees and the teachers of the law for valuing human traditions above the teachings of God, calling them hypocrites full of lawlessness.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+23%3A27-28&version=NIV |title=Matthew 23:27–28 |quote= }}</ref> ''Hypocrisy'' refers to outward acts meant to appear righteous, while ''lawlessness'' refers to breaking [[The Commandments of God|God’s commands]]. Therefore, the Antichrist outwardly appears to believe in God but teaches lawlessness instead of God’s commandments, leading people to destruction.

{{quote5 |내용=Don’t let anyone deceive you in any way, for (that day will not come) until the rebellion occurs and '''the man of lawlessness is revealed, the man doomed to destruction.''' He will oppose and will exalt himself over everything that is called God or is worshiped, so that he sets himself up in God’s temple, proclaiming himself to be God. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Thessalonians+2%3A3-4&version=NIV 2 Thessalonians 2:3–4]}}

Jesus taught and proclaimed the [[Gospel and the New Covenant|truth of the new covenant]], including [[baptism]], the [[Sabbath]], and the [[The Feasts of God|seven annual feasts in three times]]. The Antichrist, however, teaches doctrines not based on the Bible—such as [[Lord’s Day Worship (Sunday Worship)|Sunday worship]] and [[Christmas]] (derived from sun worship), and [[Cross|cross-reverence]]. These man-made doctrines carry no blessing from God. Ultimately, those who practice lawlessness become separated from Christ and cannot enter the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21-23&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:21–23 |quote= }}</ref>

==Antichrist at the Time of the Second Coming==
The Bible prophesies that many Antichrists will arise at the time of Christ’s second coming.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2002&version=NIV |title=1 John 2:18 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately. “Tell us,” they said, “when will this happen, and what will be the sign of '''your coming and of the end of the age'''?” Jesus answered: “Watch out that no one deceives you. For many will come in my name, claiming, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many. . . . many false prophets will appear and deceive many people. Because of the increase of wickedness, the love of most will grow cold, . . . For '''false Christs and false prophets''' will appear and perform great signs and miracles to '''deceive''' even the elect—if that were possible.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A3-24&version=NIV Matthew 24:3–24]}}

The fact that many Antichrists arise to hinder the work of salvation also indicates that Christ’s work of salvation will be actively carried out during the same period. According to prophecy, in the last days Christ comes “on the [https://churchofgod.wiki/en/How_Jesus_Comes_a_Second_Time#How_Does_Jesus_Appear_a_Second_Time? clouds]”—that is, in the flesh again—to gather God’s people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A3%2C&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:3, 30–31 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A28&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:28 |quote= }}</ref> As He did two thousand years ago, He teaches the truth of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] in [[spiritual Zion]], where the feasts of God are observed.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+33%3A20&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 33:20 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용='''In the last days the mountain of the LORD’s temple [Zion]''' will be established as chief among the mountains; it will be raised above the hills, and peoples will stream to it. Many nations will come and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob. '''He will teach us his ways,''' so that we may walk in his paths.” The law will go out from Zion, the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Micah+4%3A1-2&version=NIV Micah 4:1–2]}}

Ultimately, the Antichrist will face [[Last judgment|God’s judgment]] and eternal punishment.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+20%3A10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 20:10 |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, in the last days, the holy people who seek salvation must correctly discern and avoid the Antichrist, and instead receive the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]] and keep the truth of the new covenant.

==See also==
* [[Christ]]
* [[Jesus Christ]]
* [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)]]
* [[Timing of Jesus’ Second Coming]]
* [[How Jesus Comes a Second Time]]
* [[Where Jesus Comes a Second Time]]
* [[The Feasts of God]]
* [[Christian]]
* [[False Christ]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: Biblical Issues]]
[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]

Biblical Dietary Laws

2026-01-08T03:09:23Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 음식법]]The '''dietary law in the Bible''' refers to the regulations concerning food that [[God]] allowed for His people. From the Garden of Eden, through the Old Testament, and into the New Testament, the Bible shows that dietary laws differed in each age. Since every law of God is given for the salvation of humanity, those who obey according to God’s will in their respective age can be saved.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:21 |quote= }}</ref> In the same way, following the dietary law permitted in one’s age is the proper way to obey God and the path to salvation.

==Dietary Law in the Old Testament==
===Garden of Eden===
[[File:Thomas Cole The Garden of Eden detail Amon Carter Museum.jpg|thumb|280px|''The Garden of Eden'', Thomas Cole]]
The first [[Bible|biblical]] dietary law appears in the Garden of Eden. At that time, God gave plants—seed-bearing herbs and trees with seed-bearing fruit—as food, along with the Tree of Life. However, He commanded Adam and Eve not to eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil in the middle of the garden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+2%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 2:15–17 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Then God said, “I give you '''every seed-bearing plant''' on the face of the whole earth and '''every tree that has fruit with seed in it'''. They will be yours for food.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1%3A29&version=NIV Genesis 1:29]}}

After [[Adam]] and [[Eve]] sinned by eating the forbidden fruit, they were no longer allowed to eat from the Tree of Life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+3%3A22-24&version=NIV |title=Genesis 3:22–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===After the Flood===
In the time of Noah, after God [[Last Judgment|judged]] the wicked world with the flood, He permitted [[Noah]]—the righteous man who followed Him—and his family to eat meat, on the condition that they did not eat it with blood. From that time on, both plants and meat became part of the God-given diet.
{{quote5 |내용=“'''Everything that lives and moves''' about will be food for you. Just as I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything. But you must not eat meat that has its lifeblood still in it.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A3-4&version=NIV Genesis 9:3–4]}}

This dietary law continued until the time of Moses.

===Time of Moses===
[[File:Sheep lounging in the shade of a tree with matriarch standing guard.jpg|thumb|250px|In the Law of Moses, animals were divided into clean and unclean.]]
During the time of Moses, God gave the Israelites the [[The Ten Commandments|Ten Commandments]] along with various additional laws, including dietary regulations.
{{quote5 |내용=The LORD said to Moses and Aaron, “Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat: '''You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.''' There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them. The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. . . . And the pig, though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A1-23&version=NIV Leviticus 11:1–23]}}

Before this point, no distinction existed among animals. However, beginning with Moses, animals were divided into '''''clean''''' and '''''unclean'''''. Only animals with a divided hoof and that chewed the cud were considered clean and could be eaten; others were unclean and forbidden. God also classified sea creatures,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:9–12 |quote= }}</ref> birds,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A13-19&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:13–19 |quote= }}</ref> and insects<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A20-23&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:20–23 |quote= }}</ref> into clean and unclean categories, commanding the Israelites to eat only what was clean so that they might remain holy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A43-47&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:43–47 |quote= }}</ref> This dietary law became a sign distinguishing Israel from other nations<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+14%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 14:2–3 |quote= }}</ref> and remained deeply rooted in their daily life for centuries.

==Dietary Law in the New Testament==
[[File:Desserts in Switzerland.jpg|thumb|In New Testament times, all foods are permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.]]
Two thousand years ago, [[Jesus Christ]] abolished the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]], which had been given to Israel in the Old Testament, and established the [[Law of Christ]]—the [[New Covenant]]—for the salvation of all humanity. With this, the dietary law given in the time of Moses was replaced by the dietary law of Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:10–11 |quote= }}</ref>

At the Jerusalem Council, under the guidance of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]], the apostles declared the New Testament dietary law: All foods were permitted except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and the meat of strangled animals.

{{quote5 |내용=It seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us not to burden you with anything beyond the following requirements: You are to '''abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals''' and from sexual immorality. You will do well to avoid these things. Farewell. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+15%3A28-29&version=NIV Acts 15:28–29]}}

The early Church people who received Christ no longer followed the dietary regulations of Moses but obeyed the new dietary teaching given in the New Testament. To ignore this teaching and insist on Old Testament regulations is to disobey God’s word and stand in opposition to Him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+4%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 4:1–3 |quote= }}</ref> For this reason, the Apostle [[Paul]] warned that those who cling solely to the Law of Moses would be cut off from [[Christ]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+5%3A4&version=NIV |title=Galatians 5:4 |quote= }}</ref>

The removal of the distinction between clean and unclean animals in the New Testament also symbolized that salvation was now extended to all nations. For about 1,500 years—from the time of [[Moses]] onward—dietary laws were a significant factor that distinguished [[Jew|Jews]] from Gentiles. Jews regarded Gentiles as unclean largely because of the food they ate. But after Jesus Christ [[Crucifixion|sacrificed Himself on the cross]] for all people, the grace of salvation—once limited to Israel—was now granted equally to all nations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+10%3A9-12&version=NIV |title=Romans 10:9–12 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+2%3A11-19&version=NIV |title=Ephesians 2:11–19 |quote= }}</ref> Since Christ cleansed the Gentiles, even the unclean animals that symbolized them were now considered clean.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+10%3A9-48&version=NIV |title=Acts 10:9–48 |quote= }}</ref> From that time on, the message of salvation was proclaimed to all people without distinction.

==Dietary Laws by Era==
The following is a table summarizing the biblical dietary law by era.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center " width="58%" "
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Era'''||'''Dietary Law'''
|- style="background: white"
|Garden of Eden||All plants and fruits (except the tree of knowledge of good and evil)
|- style="background: white"
|After the Flood
|Meat allowed (but not with blood)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+9%3A4&version=NIV |title=Genesis 9:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
|- style="background: white"
|Law of Moses
|Only clean animals permitted
|- style="background: white"
|Since Christ
|All food permitted, except food sacrificed to idols, blood, and meat of strangled animals
|}

==See also==
*[[The Law of Moses]]
*[[Law of Christ]]
*[[Christ]]
*[[New Covenant]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Gospel of the New Covenant]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]

The Reason Jesus Came Into the World

2026-01-08T03:09:07Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:예수님이 오신 이유]]'''The reason Jesus came into the world''' is to save humanity. Though He is [[God]] Himself, He [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|came in the flesh]]. By establishing the [[New Covenant|new covenant]]—the truth that grants eternal life—and confirming it through His sacrifice on the cross, He delivered humanity from sin and death. However, during the Dark Ages, the truth of the new covenant disappeared. For this reason, [[Jesus Christ]] is to come again to restore the way to the forgiveness of sins and to grant eternal life to humanity.

==Records of the Reason Why Jesus Came==
[[File:Good shepherd 02b close.jpg|thumb|200px|''The Good Shepherd,'' a mural in the [https://www.catacombesancallisto.it/it/index.php Catacombs of Saint Callixtus], Rome, 3rd century: Jesus came to give life to the sheep (God’s people).]]
The [[Bible]] bears witness to who God is—[[Christ]], who came into this world. In the [https://churchofgod.wiki/en/The_New_Testament#The_Gospels Gospels], Jesus Himself explained the reason for His coming, and the writers of the New Testament also recorded it. Even in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], written long before His birth, the purpose of His coming was already foretold.

===Words of Jesus===
* “Just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and '''to give his life as a ransom for many'''.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+20%3A28&version=NIV Matthew 20:28])
* “For the Son of Man came '''to seek and to save what was lost'''.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+19%3A10&version=NIV Luke 19:10])
* Jesus replied, “Let us go somewhere else—to the nearby villages—'''so I can preach there also'''. '''That is why I have come'''.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+1%3A38&version=NIV Mark 1:38])
* “The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; '''I have come that they may have life''', '''and have it to the full'''.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A10&version=NIV John 10:10])

===Testimony of the New Testament Writers===
* “She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will '''save his people from their sins'''.”
*Since the children have flesh and blood, he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he might '''destroy him who holds the power of death'''—'''that is, the devil'''—and '''free those who all their lives were held in slavery''' by their fear of death. For surely it is not angels he helps, but Abraham’s descendants. For this reason he had to be made like his brothers in every way, in order that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, and that he might '''make atonement for the sins of the people'''. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+2%3A14-17&version=NIV Hebrews 2:14–17])
*Here is a trustworthy saying that deserves full acceptance: Christ Jesus '''came into the world to save sinners'''--of whom I am the worst. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+1%3A15&version=NIV 1 Timothy 1:15])

===Testimony of the Old Testament===
*But he was pierced for our transgressions, he was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon him, and by his wounds we are healed. . . . and the LORD has laid on him the iniquity of us all. . . . because he poured out his life unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors. For he '''bore the sin of many''', and made intercession for the transgressors. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A4-12&version=NIV Isaiah 53:4–12])

==Purpose of Jesus’ Coming==
===Forgiveness of Humanity’s Sins===
[[File:Gethsemane Carl Bloch.jpg|thumb|200px|''Christ in Gethsemane,'' Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1873: Jesus granted complete forgiveness of sins to humanity through His precious blood.]]
The purpose of Jesus’ coming is revealed throughout both the Old and New Testaments. Jesus came in the flesh to save humanity, who had become destined to die.

Originally, human beings were [https://churchofgod.wiki/en/Angel#Relationship_Between_Angels_and_Humans angels] in heaven, but because of the sins committed there, they were born into this world to live a limited life and eventually face death.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%206%3A23&version=NIV|title=Romans 6:23|quote= }}</ref> Since death entered through sin,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%205%3A12&version=NIV|title=Romans 5:12|quote= }}</ref> removing sin is the only way to remove death. For this reason, Jesus became the atoning sacrifice for those who had sinned in heaven<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%209%3A13&version=NIV|title=Matthew 9:13|quote= }}</ref> and offered Himself on the [[cross]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2020%3A28&version=NIV|title=Matthew 20:28|quote= }}</ref> Through His blood, He opened the way for humanity to receive complete forgiveness of sins.

{{quote5 |내용= In him we have '''redemption''' through '''his blood''', the '''forgiveness of sins''', in accordance with the riches of God’s grace. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+1%3A7&version=NIV Ephesians 1:7]}}

In [[Book of 1 John|1 John]], the [[Satan (Devil)|devil]] is described as “the one who has been sinning from the beginning,” indicating that sin originated from him. Jesus appeared in this world to forgive the sins of humanity and, by doing so, to destroy the devil—who holds the power of sin and death<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews%202%3A14-15&version=NIV|title=Hebrews 2:14-15|quote= }}</ref>—and his works.
{{quote5 |내용=He who does what is sinful is of the devil, because the devil has been sinning from the beginning. '''The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the devil’s work.'''|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2003&version=NIV 1 John 3:8]}}
===Promise of Eternal Life and the Kingdom of Heaven===
[[File:Peter Paul Rubens - Expulsion from the Garden of Eden - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb| ''Expulsion from the Garden of Eden,'' Peter Paul Rubens, 1620: Adam and Eve were banished from Eden for their sin.]]
The story of Eden in [[Genesis]] is a parable revealing the spiritual principles of the soul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2013%3A34-35&version=NIV|title=Matthew 13:34-35|quote= }}</ref> In the Garden of Eden, [[Adam]] and [[Eve]] were tempted by the serpent (the devil) and ate from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, which God had forbidden. As a result, they came to die.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%202%3A16-17&version=NIV|title=Genesis 2:16-17|quote= }}</ref> Because of this original sin, all people born into this world are subject to death. However, in Eden, the way to life was hidden—namely, the ''tree of life''. God placed [[Angel|cherubim]] and a flaming sword flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life so that sinners could not eat from it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%203%3A1-24&version=NIV|title=Genesis 3:1-24|quote= }}</ref> Only God can open the way to the tree of life, the way to eternal life. Therefore, to save humankind—destined to die after eating from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil—God Himself had to bring the tree of life.
{{quote5 |내용= “The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; '''I have come that they may have life, and have it to the full.'''” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A10&version=NIV John 10:10]}}

Jesus came into this world to give eternal life—the reality of the tree of life—to humanity, who had become sinners. Those who receive the forgiveness of sins through His sacrifice on the cross are also granted eternal life. Jesus gives eternal life so that He may lead humanity to the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]].
{{quote5 |내용=He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be '''no more death''' or mourning or crying or pain, for the old order of things has passed away.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A4&version=NIV Revelation 21:4]}}

Heaven is a place where there is no death; therefore, those who are destined to die can never enter it. Jesus came to transform mortal human beings into those who can live forever and to lead them into heaven.

===Establishment of the New Covenant===
[[file:최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg|thumb|Jesus established the new covenant at the Passover.]]
The reason for Jesus’ coming is fulfilled in the [[New Covenant|new covenant]], the way through which we receive the forgiveness of sins and eternal life. This meaning had already been foretold in the [[Jeremiah (Bible)|book of Jeremiah]], written before His coming.

{{quote5 |내용=“The time is coming,” declares the LORD, “when '''I will make a new covenant''' with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah. . . . This is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after that time,” declares the LORD. “I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. . . . '''For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more.'''”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+31%3A31-34&version=NIV Jeremiah 31:31–34]}}

God declared that He would establish the new covenant and forgive the sins of those who keep it. According to this prophecy, Jesus proclaimed the new covenant at the [[Passover]], the day before His [[Crucifixion|suffering on the cross]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A15%2C%2019-20&version=NIV|title=Luke 22:15, 19-20|quote= }}</ref> and promised forgiveness of sins to all who keep it.

{{quote5 |내용=So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the '''Passover'''. . . . While they were eating, Jesus took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.” Then he took the cup, gave thanks and offered it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. This is '''my blood of the covenant''', which is poured out for many for the '''forgiveness of sins'''.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A19%2C%2026-28&version=NIV Matthew 26:19, 26-28]}}

God forgave the sins of humanity and confirmed eternal life through the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]] by giving the bread and wine that represent His flesh and blood.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%206%3A51-54&version=NIV|title=John 6:51-54|quote= }}</ref> The Passover is the truth of salvation granted to humankind, who is destined to die.
<small>{{참고|New Covenant|설명=}}</small>

===Revealing the Spiritual Father===
Another reason Jesus came into the world was to reveal the Father of spirits to humanity. In doing so, He also revealed who He Himself is.
{{quote5 |내용=“Now this is eternal life: that they may know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ, whom you have sent. . . . I have revealed you to those whom you gave me out of the world.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+17%3A3-6&version=NIV John 17:3–6]}}

When speaking to His disciples, Jesus referred to God as “the Father in heaven.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%205%3A48&version=NIV|title=Matthew 5:48|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%206%3A4-6&version=NIV|title=Matthew 6:4-6|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2023%3A9&version=NIV|title=Matthew 23:9|quote= }}</ref> This Father is not a physical, biological father but the '''Father of spirits'''—that is, God Himself. Just as we call the one who gave us our physical life our earthly father, we call God “our Father” because He created our [[Soul|souls]] with His breath of life.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%202%3A7&version=NIV|title=Genesis 2:7|quote= }}</ref> For this reason, [[Christian|Christians]] today address [[The Reason Christians Call God “Father”|God as their Father]].

Jesus further declared, “I and the Father are one.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2010%3A30&version=NIV|title=John 10:30|quote= }}</ref> Through these words, He revealed that He Himself is [[God the Father]] who came in the flesh in order to give humanity the forgiveness of sins and eternal life.

==Reason for Jesus’ Second Coming==
===Salvation of Humanity===
Two thousand years ago, Jesus came to this world to save humanity. He promised that before the [[Last Judgment|last judgment]], He would come again in the flesh. The reason for His Second Coming is that the [[gospel]] of the new covenant—which He established for salvation, including the [[Sabbath]] and the Passover—was later changed and ultimately lost.<ref>[https://www.m-joongang.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=318953 The 500th Anniversary of the Reformation: The Church of God and Biblical Truth], ''Monthly JoongAng'', December 2017 Issue</ref> This spiritual condition was foretold in the [[book of Daniel]], which prophesied that Satan would “change God’s set times and laws” and that the saints would be handed over and defeated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel%207%3A21-25&version=NIV|title=Daniel 7:21-25|quote= }}</ref> A similar prophecy appears in the book of [[Revelation]], describing that the devil would wage war against the saints and overcome them, and that the whole world would follow and worship him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%2013%3A4-8&version=NIV|title=Revelation 13:4-8|quote= }}</ref> A world devoid of truth inevitably falls under Satan’s influence.

Regarding this, Jesus said that when He comes a second time, He will not find faith worthy to be saved on earth.

{{quote5 |내용=“However, when the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on the earth?”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+18%3A8&version=NIV Luke 18:8]}}

If God were to come as [[Judge]] to a world where faith has vanished and the truth has disappeared, no one could be saved. Therefore, the Second Coming—''before'' the final judgment—is absolutely necessary.

The [[John (Apostle)|Apostle John]] wept bitterly in his revelation when he saw that God’s scroll was sealed and that no one in heaven or on earth was able to open it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%205%3A1-5&version=NIV|title=Revelation 5:1-5|quote= }}</ref> He understood that if the scroll containing the truth of salvation remained sealed, humanity would have no way to be saved. At that moment, the only one found worthy to open the sealed scroll was the [[The Root of David|Root of David]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%205%3A5&version=NIV|title=Revelation 5:5|quote= }}</ref>—that is, the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%2022%3A16&version=NIV|title=Revelation 22:16|quote= }}</ref>

For this reason, no one can receive complete salvation until Jesus comes again. Only when He appears a second time can God’s people obtain the truth of salvation and be saved.

{{quote5 |내용=So Christ was sacrificed once to take away the sins of many people; and he will appear a '''second time''', not to bear sin, but '''to bring salvation''' to those who are waiting for him.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A28&version=NIV Hebrews 9:28]}}
===Restoration of the New Covenant Truth===
[[File:William Dyce (1806-1864) - David in the Wilderness - NG 2409 - National Galleries of Scotland.jpg|thumb| ''David in the Wilderness'', William Dyce, 1860: God prophesied that He would become a shepherd like David and gather the scattered flock.]]
After [[The Ascension of Jesus|Jesus’ ascension]], the condition of the world that had lost the truth is described in Revelation as God’s people being taken captive in ''spiritual Babylon''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%2018%3A2-4&version=NIV|title=Revelation 18:2-4|quote= }}</ref> The [[Ezekiel (Bible)|book of Ezekiel]] likewise records that there were many false shepherds but no true shepherd, so the sheep were scattered and became food for wild animals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2034%3A5-8&version=NIV|title=Ezekiel 34:5-8|quote= }}</ref> In this prophecy, the true shepherd who would gather God’s people—represented as sheep—lead them back to their homeland, and feed them with good pasture is '''the spiritual King [[David]]''', that is, '''God Himself'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2034%3A10-16%2C%2023&version=NIV|title=Ezekiel 34:10-16, 23|quote= }}</ref> For this reason, the prophet [[Hosea]] foretold that in the last days the people who had been separated from God would ''seek David, their king'' and receive God’s grace.

{{quote5 |내용=Afterward the Israelites will return and seek the LORD their God and '''David''' their king. They will come trembling to the LORD and to his blessings in the last days.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea+3%3A5&version=NIV Hosea 3:5]}}

In the [[book of Micah]], it is prophesied that in the last days '''God Himself''' would teach the truth of salvation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Micah%204%3A1-2&version=NIV|title=Micah 4:1-2|quote= }}</ref> This means that when Jesus comes again as King David, He will restore the Passover<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2025%3A6-9&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 25:6-9|quote= }}</ref> and all the truths of the new covenant, leading humanity to salvation.

Just as the purpose of Jesus’ first coming was the salvation of humanity, the reason for His second coming is likewise '''solely''' for the salvation of humankind. The Second Coming Christ—just as Jesus did two thousand years ago—grants the forgiveness of sins and eternal life by proclaiming and restoring the new covenant.

===Revealing the Spiritual Mother===
[[File:Joseph Martin Kronheim - The Sunday at Home 1880 - Revelation 22-17.png|thumb|200px|Illustration of Revelation 22:17, Joseph Martin Kronheim, 1880: Revelation 22:17 (KJV) prophesied the Spirit and the Bride who give us the water of life.]]
At the Second Coming, Jesus would not appear alone but together with [[God the Mother]]. Concerning this, the Apostle John wrote that [[the Spirit and the Bride]] give the [[The Water of Life|water of life]]—that is, eternal life.

{{quote5 |내용=The '''Spirit and the bride''' say, “Come!” And let him who hears say, “Come!” Whoever is thirsty, let him come; and whoever wishes, let him take the free gift of the '''water of life'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&version=NIV Revelation 22:17]}}

The Bride represents the Heavenly Jerusalem—our spiritual Mother.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Two thousand years ago, one of the reasons Jesus came was to reveal the spiritual Father.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2017%3A3-6&version=NIV|title=John 17:3-6|quote= }}</ref> In the last days, the Second Coming Christ – that is, God the Father – comes to grant salvation and to make His people know who God the [[Mother, the Source of Life|Mother, the source of life]], is. This truth is also shown in the prophecy of [[Elijah]] in the Old Testament.

One of [[The Mission of Elijah|Elijah’s missions]] was to testify about the [[Messiah]] who would come after him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2040%3A3-11&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 40:3-11|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Malachi%203%3A1&version=NIV|title=Malachi 3:1|quote= }}</ref> Two thousand years ago, [[John the Baptist]] fulfilled this role by testifying that Jesus, who came after him, was the Christ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%201%3A23-34&version=NIV|title=John 1:23-34|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2011%3A10-14&version=NIV|title=Matthew 11:10-14|quote= }}</ref> Likewise, the Second Coming Christ is prophesied to come as the spiritual Elijah before the last judgment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Malachi%204%3A1-6&version=NIV|title=Malachi 4:1-6|quote= }}</ref> As the one who carries out Elijah’s mission, the Second Coming Christ reveals to humanity the [[Heavenly Mother]]—the Savior who appears after Him. Together, [[God the Father and God the Mother]] teach the truth of the forgiveness of sins and eternal life, granting salvation to humankind.

==See also==
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)]]
*[[New Covenant]]
*[[Passover]]
*[[The Root of David]]
*[[The Reason Christians Call God “Father”]]
*[[God the Father and God the Mother]]
*[[God the Mother]]
*[[The Mission of Elijah]]

==External links==
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
*[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

==Related videos==
*'''Sermon: The Secret of the Forgiveness of Sins & the Passover'''
<youtube>c___SdkmRcg</youtube>

*'''Sermon: I Have Come to Give Life'''
<youtube> f6kWBM3xvPc</youtube>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:God the Father]]

Hebrew

2026-01-07T00:48:40Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:히브리인]]The term '''Hebrew''' (עִבְרִי)<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/5680.htm Strong's Hebrew: 5680. עִבְרִי], ''Bible Hub''</ref> is another name for the people of Israel, referring to those who crossed over from ancient [https://www.britannica.com/place/Mesopotamia-historical-region-Asia Mesopotamia] to [[Canaan]]. Historically, it was used primarily by non-Israelites to identify the Israelites. In Greek, the word appears as ''Hebraios'' (Ἑβραῖος),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/1445.htm Strong's Greek: 1445. Ἑβραῖος], ''Bible Hub''</ref> sometimes transliterated as ''Hebraean''. According to the [[Bible]], the first person to be called a Hebrew was [[Abraham]].

==Etymology==
The word ''Hebrew'' is commonly thought to derive from the Hebrew term ''eber'' (עֵבֶר),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/5677.htm Strong's Hebrew: 5677. עֵ֫בֶר], ''Bible Hub''</ref> meaning “the region beyond.” This indicates that Abraham, the ancestor of Israel, migrated by crossing the great Euphrates River. Other interpretations suggest that the term refers to the descendants of Eber, the great-grandson of Shem,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+11%3A10-26&version=NIV |title=Genesis 11:10–26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> or that it denotes the [https://www.biblicaltraining.org/library/habiru-hapiru Hapiru], a class of landless people or slaves who wandered the ancient Near East without a country.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hebrew Hebrew], ''Britannica''</ref>

==Origin==
[[file:Abraham's Journey (en).svg |thumb|Abraham crossed the Euphrates River.]]
The first biblical figure to be called a Hebrew was Abraham. Born in Ur of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia, Abraham obeyed [[God]]’s command and left his homeland with his wife [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] and his nephew Lot, eventually settling in Canaan. To the native Canaanites, Abraham was a foreigner—a migrant who had come from “across the river,” which is reflected in the meaning of the term ''Hebrew'' (עִבְרִי, ''Ivri'').

As Abraham’s flocks and herds increased, disputes arose among his household over grazing land and water. To avoid conflict, Abraham allowed Lot to choose where to settle. Lot selected the fertile region of Sodom and Gomorrah, while Abraham remained in the part of Canaan that Lot had not chosen.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+13%3A10-12&version=NIV |title=Genesis 13:10–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Later, when war broke out in the region of Sodom, Lot was taken captive.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Genesis 14:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> A survivor escaped and brought the news to Abraham. It is in this context—when the messenger reported Lot’s capture—that Abraham is first referred to as “Abram the Hebrew.”

{{quote5 |내용= One who had escaped came and '''reported this to Abram [Abraham] the Hebrew'''. Now Abram was living near the great trees of Mamre the Amorite, a brother of Eshcol and Aner, all of whom were allied with Abram. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14%3A13&version=NIV Genesis 14:13]}}

Afterward, the descendants of Abraham came to be known as Hebrews. [[Joseph (Son of Jacob)|Joseph]], who was sold into slavery in Egypt because of his brothers’ envy, was identified by others as a Hebrew,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+39%3A14-17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 39:14–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and he himself stated that he had been taken from “the land of the Hebrews,” clearly acknowledging his identity as a Hebrew.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+40%3A15&version=NIV |title=Genesis 40:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Hebrews and God Jehovah==
The accounts of [[Moses]] and [[Jonah]] further reveal the relationship between the Hebrews and the LORD God ([[Jehovah]]). The LORD introduced Himself to Moses as '''“the God of the Hebrews”''' and commanded him [[The Exodus|to bring the Hebrews out of Egypt]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+3%3A18&version=NIV |title=Exodus 3:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+9%3A1&version=NIV |title=Exodus 9:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+9%3A13&version=NIV |title=Exodus 9:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Obeying God’s command, Moses and [[Aaron]] went before Pharaoh and delivered the message of “the LORD, the God of the Hebrews.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+7%3A16&version=NIV |title=Exodus 7:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+10%3A3&version=NIV |title=Exodus 10:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Similarly, the prophet Jonah identified himself as a Hebrew who worshiped the LORD, [[the Creator]] of heaven and earth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah+1%3A8-9&version=NIV |title=Jonah 1:8–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> These biblical accounts reflect the Hebrews’ own understanding that they were God’s chosen people—those who feared, honored, and served the true God, their [[The Creator|Creator]] and [[Redeemer]].

==Hebrews in the New Testament==
===Paul’s Background===
In the early Church, some believers took pride in being Hebrews who had received [[circumcision]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+6%3A13&version=NIV |title=Galatians 6:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> To correct this mindset, the Apostle [[Paul]] reminded them that he himself was '''“a Hebrew of Hebrews,”''' born of a lineage regarded as pure and honorable. Although such heritage carried great status in Jewish society,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+11%3A22&version=NIV |title=2 Corinthians 11:22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Paul declared that, compared with the surpassing worth of knowing [[Christ]], it was nothing but ''rubbish''. He urged believers to rely not on ethnic identity or external rituals, but on the genuine faith that comes from truly knowing Christ.

{{quote5 |내용= Circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, '''a Hebrew of Hebrews'''; in regard to the law, a Pharisee; . . . But whatever was to my profit I now consider loss for the sake of Christ. What is more, I consider everything a loss compared to the surpassing greatness of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whose sake I have lost all things. I consider them rubbish, that I may gain Christ and be found in him, '''not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law''', but that which is through faith in Christ – the righteousness that comes from God and is by faith.|출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philippians+3%3A5-9&version=NIV Philippians 3:5–9]}}
===Epistle to the Hebrews===
The ''Epistle to the Hebrews'', the nineteenth book of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], is a letter addressed to Hebrew believers who had converted from Judaism to Christianity. At the time, these believers were scattered throughout the Roman Empire and were facing persecution from their own people, along with the temptation to abandon their faith. The epistle reminds them of the true faith in Christ and encourages those enduring hardship to persevere.

<small>{{참고|Book of Hebrews|설명=}}</small>

==Synonyms of “Hebrew”==
Expressions referring to the people of Israel—the descendants of Abraham—include Hebrew, Israelite, and Jew. Although these three terms are often used interchangeably, their origins are distinct.

'''Hebrew'''

The term ''Hebrew'' originates from Abraham. As Abraham traveled from Mesopotamia to Canaan, the native people regarded him as someone who had “crossed over,” and his descendants came to be known as Hebrews.

'''Israelite'''

The term ''Israelite'' comes from Abraham’s grandson [[Jacob]]. After fleeing from his brother [[Esau]], Jacob spent twenty years in Haran. On his return, just before meeting Esau, he wrestled with a man at the ford of the Jabbok River. Even when his hip was wrenched, Jacob held on and pleaded for a blessing. The man gave him a new name, Israel, meaning “one who struggles with God and prevails.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+32%3A24&version=NIV |title=Genesis 32:24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> From that point, Jacob and his descendants were called Israelites.

'''Jew'''

The term ''Jew'' comes from the tribe of [[Judah (Son of Jacob)|Judah]], named after Jacob’s fourth son. From this tribe came King [[David]], whose descendants ruled the [[Southern Kingdom of Judah]] after the nation of Israel divided.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+17%3A12&version=NIV |title=1 Samuel 17:12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The people of this kingdom were called Judahites, a term that eventually evolved into Jews.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+4%3A4&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 4:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Esther+3%3A6&version=NIV |title=Esther 3:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]

Location of Zion

2026-01-06T07:33:35Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:시온의 위치]]The '''location of Zion''' is in the southeastern part of the city of [[Jerusalem]], situated in the central region of Israel. Originally, ''Zion'' referred to a specific hill in this area. However, in the [[Bible]], the term ''Zion'' is often used symbolically or poetically to refer to Jerusalem as a whole, or even to represent the entire nation of Israel.

==The''' '''Location of Zion==
Zion refers to a hill located in the southeastern part of Jerusalem, with an elevation of approximately 790 meters above sea level. Originally, Mount Zion was the fortified stronghold of the Jebusites, the native inhabitants of the area. When King [[David]] captured it, he expanded its fortifications and renamed it the [[City of David]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Samuel+5%3A7&version=NIV |title=2 Samuel 5:7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He then established it as the capital of Israel and brought the [[Ark of the Covenant|ark of the covenant]] there, making it the political and religious center of the nation.

David’s son, [[Solomon]], who succeeded him as king, constructed the Jerusalem [[Temple]] on Mount Moriah,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+3%3A1&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 3:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> which was adjacent to Mount Zion. He also moved the ark of the covenant from Mount Zion to the Temple on Mount Moriah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+8%3A1%2C&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 8:1, 6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> From that time on, the term Zion came to include Mount Moriah as well.

==The Expanded Meaning of Zion==
Over time, the word ''Zion'' came to be used not only for a specific hill, but often as a symbol for the entire city of Jerusalem, or even for the nation of Israel as a whole.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/Zion-hill-Jerusalem Zion,] ''Britannica''</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+31%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 31:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This symbolic meaning deepened especially during the [[Babylonian Captivity|Babylonian exile]], when Zion became a powerful expression of longing and hope for the return to the holy land.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+126%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=Psalms 126:1–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], the people of Judah taken into captivity around 586 BC are described as weeping as they remembered Zion, mourning their lost homeland. The prophets also foretold that the exiles would return to Zion, framing it as the place of restoration.<br>
{{quote5 |내용=By the rivers of Babylon we sat and wept when we remembered '''Zion'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+137%3A1&version=NIV Psalms 137:1]}}
{{quote5 |내용=“In those days, at that time,” declares the LORD, “the people of Israel and the people of Judah together will go in tears to seek the LORD their God. They will ask the way to '''Zion''' and turn their faces toward it. They will come and bind themselves to the LORD in an everlasting covenant that will not be forgotten. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+50%3A4-5&version=NIV Jeremiah 50:4–5]}}

After the destruction of their nation by the Roman Empire in AD 70, the Jewish people were scattered across the world. Yet even in exile, they did not forget the biblical prophecy that a Savior would one day restore Zion. In the 19th century, the Jewish people began a nationalist movement aimed at establishing a Jewish state in their ancestral homeland, Palestine. This movement became known as Zionism. The term ''[[Zionism]]'' reflects the deep spiritual and historical connection that Jews have with Zion. It expresses their enduring hope to return to their homeland and to restore a sovereign Jewish nation—an idea that has been central to Jewish identity throughout history.

The Bible also contains prophecies about Zion as the place where [[God]] dwells,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+8%3A18&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 8:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+74%3A2&version=NIV |title=Psalms 74:2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+132%3A13-14&version=NIV |title=Psalms 132:13–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> reigns,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+24%3A23&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 24:23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and grants the blessing of eternal life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+133%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=Psalms 133:1–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This Zion is not the historical Mount Zion of the Old Testament but the spiritual Zion established by [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]], through whom eternal life is given.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A10&version=NIV |title=John 10:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Just as the Israelites longed to return to the physical Zion, Christians—spiritual Israelites<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+2%3A28-29&version=NIV |title=Romans 2:28–29 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>—must seek the [[spiritual Zion]] to receive salvation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+12%3A22-24&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 12:22–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

The prophet [[Isaiah]] described this spiritual Zion as the place where the blessing of the forgiveness of sins is granted and identified it as the place where God’s [[The Feasts of God|feasts]] are observed.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+33%3A20-24&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 33:20–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the Old Testament, Zion referred to Jerusalem and its surrounding area; but in the spiritual sense, Zion refers to any place on earth where the feasts of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] are kept.

==See also==
* [[Zion]]
* [[City of David ]]
* [[Spiritual Zion]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Places]]

The Apostles’ Creed

2026-01-06T07:33:26Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:사도신경]]The '''Apostles’ Creed''' (Latin: ''Symbolum Apostolicum''), also called the ''Credo'', is a confession of faith used in worship, Mass, and baptism in the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England (Anglican Communion), and many Protestant churches. The term ''Creed'' refers to a concise statement summarizing the essential doctrines of the Christian faith. In Latin, it begins with ''[https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/credo Credo]'', meaning “I believe,” and the Apostles’ Creed likewise opens with this word. By reciting the Apostles’ Creed, believers profess their faith in the [[Trinity|Triune]] [[God]] and the salvation work of God. The Creed affirms belief in God [[the Creator]], the virgin birth of [[Jesus Christ]], His [[Crucifixion|suffering on the cross]], His death, [[resurrection]], and more.

The Apostles’ Creed developed gradually over several centuries, drawing from early baptismal confessions used as early as the 2nd century. Various phrases were added over time until it took the form used today. Unlike [[the Lord’s Prayer]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%206%3A9-13&version=NIV|title=Matthew 6:9-13|quote= }}</ref>—recorded in [[The Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] chapter 6 and spoken directly by Jesus—the Apostles’ Creed does not appear in the [[Bible]] as a single, directly stated text.

==The Origin of the Apostles’ Creed==
===Title===
[[File:St. Peter, from Christ, the Apostles and St. Paul with the Creed MET DP832760.jpg|thumb|150px|An engraving of ''Saint Peter'', Hendrick Goltzius, 1589: There is a claim that the twelve articles of the Apostles’ Creed were each spoken by one of the twelve apostles, but there is no evidence to support this.]]The term “Apostles’ Creed” (''Symbolum Apostolicum'') first appears in written sources from the late 4th century. In his commentary on the Creed, Tyrannius Rufinus claimed that the Apostles’ Creed was formed when the twelve apostles, after receiving the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] at [[Pentecost]] and before going out to preach the [[gospel]], each contributed one statement of faith. Ambrose, the bishop of Milan, also supported this account. This legend—that each of the twelve articles of the Creed was authored by one of the apostles—became widely accepted by the 6th century and remained largely unquestioned throughout the Middle Ages. The Eastern Church, however, rejected this apostolic-origin tradition and continues to deny it officially. Although theologians have examined how the Creed reflects biblical teaching and apostolic faith, the scholarly consensus today is that the Apostles’ Creed developed gradually over several centuries as a liturgical confession within the Christian community. It does not have a single author, nor does it appear in the Bible as a fixed or direct text.<ref name=":0">[https://www.gotquestions.org/apostles-creed.html What is the Apostles' Creed?], ''Got Questions''</ref>

===The Old Roman Creed===
Before the Apostles’ Creed was formally established, many local churches used their own versions of faith confessions. Among these, the Apostles’ Creed was particularly shaped by the Old Roman Creed (Latin: ''[https://acollectionofprayers.com/tag/old-roman-symbol/ Romanum]'', also known as the Roman Symbol), which was used in the Church of Rome around the year 200, primarily in [[Baptism|baptismal]] rites. At a time when Christianity faced strong challenges from Gnostic teachings, catechumens—those preparing for baptism—professed their faith by responding to the bishop’s questions, such as “Do you believe in [[God the Father]] Almighty?” These answers expressed belief in the Triune God and in Jesus Christ. This dialogical, question-and-answer style confession became the baptismal creed of the Roman Church and eventually served as an important foundation for what later developed into the Apostles’ Creed.

Although the term “Apostles’ Creed” appears as early as the 4th century, it did not refer to the creed in its present form. The standardized version we know today took shape in the late 6th or early 7th century in the southwestern region of France, then part of the [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Frank-people Frankish Kingdom]. Interestingly, this form of the creed came to be used in Western churches outside of Rome before it was ever adopted within Rome itself. When Charlemagne (Latin: ''Carolus Magnus'', reigned 768–814), King of the Franks and later Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, endorsed the Apostles’ Creed, its use gradually spread into the Roman Church as well. Eventually, Pope Innocent III (papacy: 1198–1216) officially recognized the Apostles’ Creed as the standard confession of faith for the Roman Catholic Church and for the Western Church more broadly. Since then, the Apostles’ Creed has remained central to Catholic baptismal rites and continues to be recited at every [[Lord’s Day Worship (Sunday Worship)|Sunday]] Mass.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Apostles-Creed Apostles' Creed], ''Britannica''</ref>

==The Content of the Apostles’ Creed==
The Apostles’ Creed consists of twelve articles of faith and follows a Trinitarian structure, divided into three main sections:

# '''Confession of faith in God the Father'''
# '''Confession of faith in Jesus Christ, the Son'''
# '''Confession of faith in the Holy Spirit'''

Although the overall structure has remained consistent throughout history, the specific wording of the Creed can vary—sometimes slightly, sometimes considerably—depending on the denomination or translation.

===The Apostles’ Creed in Latin===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
!<big>'''Symbolum Apostolicum'''</big><ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/catechism_lt/p1s1c3a2_lt.htm "CATECHISMUS CATHOLICAE ECCLESIAE,"] <i>THE HOLY SEE</i></ref>
|-
|
1. Credo in Deum Patrem omnipotentem,

Creatorem caeli et terrae.

2. Et in Iesum Christum, Filium eius unicum, Dominum nostrum,

3. qui conceptus est de Spiritu Sancto,

natus ex Maria Virgine,

4. passus sub Pontio Pilato,

crucifixus, mortuus, et sepultus,

5. descendit ad inferos,

tertia die resurrexit a mortuis,

6. ascendit ad caelos,

sedet ad dexteram Dei Patris omnipotentis,

7. inde venturus est iudicare vivos et mortuos.

8. Credo in Spiritum Sanctum,

9. sanctam Ecclesiam catholicam,

sanctorum communionem,

10. remissionem peccatorum,

11. carnis resurrectionem,

12. vitam aeternam.

Amen.
|-
|}

===Apostles’ Creed (Roman Catholic version)===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
! width="50%" |English
|-
|
I believe in God, the Father almighty,

Creator of heaven and earth,

and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord,

who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,

born of the Virgin Mary,

suffered under Pontius Pilate,

was crucified, died and was buried;

he descended into hell;

on the third day he rose again from the dead;

he ascended into heaven,

and is seated at the right hand of God the Father almighty;

from there he will come to judge the living and the dead.

I believe in the Holy Spirit,

the holy catholic Church,

the communion of saints,

the forgiveness of sins,

the resurrection of the body,

and life everlasting. Amen.
|-
|}

===Apostles’ Creed (Anglican Communion version)===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
! width="50%" |<big>'''Common Worship'''</big> (From the ''Book of Common Prayer,'' 1662, modern spelling)
|-
|
I believe in God the Father Almighty,

maker of heaven and earth:

And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord,

who was conceived by the Holy Ghost,

born of the Virgin Mary,

suffered under Pontius Pilate,

was crucified, dead, and buried.

He descended into hell;

the third day he rose again from the dead;

he ascended into heaven,

and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty;

from thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead.

I believe in the Holy Ghost;

the holy Catholic Church;

the Communion of Saints;

the Forgiveness of sins;

the Resurrection of the body;

and the Life everlasting. Amen.
|-
|}

===Apostles’ Creed (Traditional Protestant Version)===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
! width="50%" |English
|-
|
I believe in God the Father Almighty,

Maker of heaven and earth;

And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord;

who was conceived by the Holy Ghost,

born of the Virgin Mary,

suffered under Pontius Pilate,

was crucified, dead, and buried;

he descended into hell;

the third day he rose again from the dead;

he ascended into heaven,

and sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty;

from thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead.

I believe in the Holy Ghost;

the holy catholic Church (Some modern Protestants say: “holy universal Church”);

the communion of saints;

the forgiveness of sins;

the resurrection of the body;

and the life everlasting. Amen.
|-
|}

==Apostles’ Creed and Nicene Creed==
[[File:Nicaea icon.jpg|thumb| 200px|A painting depicting the proclamation of the Nicene Creed shows people holding a scroll bearing part of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed'','' which was formally adopted in AD 381. ]]
In addition to the Apostles’ Creed, the creed most widely used in Christianity today is what is commonly called the Nicene Creed or Nicene Confession, formally known as the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed (or the Creed of Constantinople). Unlike Korea, where the Apostles’ Creed is more frequently recited in church services, the Nicene Creed is the standard creed used in many Christian traditions around the world.

In the Catholic Church, the ''Liturgy of the Word'' in the Order of Mass states: “Instead of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, the baptismal symbol of the Roman Church—that is, the Apostles’ Creed—may be used.”<ref>[https://www.catholic.com/qa/is-the-nicene-creed-required-at-sunday-mass Is the Nicene Creed Required at Sunday Mass?], ''Catholic Answers''</ref> This indicates that the Nicene Creed is regarded as the primary or normative creed, while the Apostles’ Creed may be used as a permitted substitute, especially on certain liturgical occasions. Although the Apostles’ Creed and the Nicene Creed share a similar structure and content, the Nicene Creed provides more detailed theological explanations.<br>
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
!<big>'''The Nicene Creed'''</big>
|-
|
Nicene Creed

I believe in one God,

the Father almighty,

maker of heaven and earth,

of all things visible and invisible.

I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,

the Only Begotten Son of God,

born of the Father before all ages.

God from God, Light from Light,

true God from true God,

begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;

through him all things were made.

For us men and for our salvation

he came down from heaven,

and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary,

and became man.

For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,

he suffered death and was buried,

and rose again on the third day

in accordance with the Scriptures.

He ascended into heaven

and is seated at the right hand of the Father.

He will come again in glory

to judge the living and the dead

and his kingdom will have no end.

I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,

who proceeds from the Father and the Son,

who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,

who has spoken through the prophets.

I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.

I confess one Baptism for the forgiveness of sins

and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead

and the life of the world to come. Amen.
|-
|}

The Nicene Creed was adopted at the [[Council of Nicaea]] in AD 325 to refute Arianism, a doctrine that denied the divinity of [[Christ]]. It was later expanded at the [https://www.britannica.com/event/First-Council-of-Constantinople-381 Council of Constantinople] in AD 381. However, as [[Arianism]] declined by the 6th century, the need for such a theologically elaborate creed also diminished, and simpler creeds were increasingly preferred.<ref>[https://www.historyworld.net/history/Arianism/536 HISTORY OF ARIANISM], ''History World''</ref> At the same time, a significant issue emerged during the Latin translation of the Nicene Creed—known as the “Filioque” controversy.

The Latin word ''Filioque'', meaning “and the Son.” In Greek, the Creed stated: “The Holy Spirit proceeds '''from the Father'''” (τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐκπορευόμενον), but the Latin version rendered it as: “The Holy Spirit proceeds '''from the Father and the Son'''” (qui ex Patre '''Filioque''' procedit). This difference in wording led to a significant theological rift between the Eastern (Greek-speaking) and Western (Latin-speaking) churches. The “Filioque” clause became one of the major doctrinal disputes that eventually contributed to the East–West Schism.

Until the 6th century, the Apostles’ Creed was primarily used as a baptismal confession. It was originally intended as a teaching tool to distinguish Christianity from Judaism and from various [[Heresy|heresies]]. However, due to its simplicity and the lack of textual variation between Eastern and Western [[Church|churches]], the Apostles’ Creed gradually emerged as the primary profession of faith in the Catholic Church.

==Controversies==
[[File:Credo - RF 3434 - gradient.jpg|thumb|200px|''CREDO (Apostles’ Creed),'' Emmanuel Frémiet, 19th-century sculpture]]
The Eastern Orthodox Church does not officially recognize the Apostles’ Creed. Instead, it accepts the Nicene Creed—formulated at the First Council of Nicaea in AD 325—as the most authoritative profession of faith. In Protestantism, debates over the Apostles’ Creed have continued since the Reformation, leading to divergent views among denominations.<ref name=":0" /> Jehovah’s Witnesses and some Baptist churches reject the Apostles’ Creed. The primary reasons for this rejection are its uncertain origin and the perception that it represents a remnant of Roman Catholic tradition.<br>In the Apostles’ Creed, the phrase “I believe in the holy catholic Church” has been a point of debate. While the term ''catholic'' (from the Greek ''katholikos'') literally means “universal,” some argue that, in practice, it refers to the Roman Catholic Church, which played a central role in shaping the Creed. Therefore, some Protestants contend that this phrase is incompatible with Protestant theology. Another difference arises in the line often translated as “the communion of saints.” In Protestant churches, this is generally understood as “fellowship among believers.” In Catholic doctrine, however, the same phrase refers to the communion of all saints, including both the living and the dead, signifying spiritual union.

==See also==
*[[Council of Nicaea]]
*[[Trinity]]
*[[Arianism]]
*[[Teachings of Men]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Biblical Issues]]

Redeemer

2025-12-19T03:04:32Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:구속주]]The '''Redeemer''' refers to [[God]], who grants salvation to humanity. The Bible also expresses this title as Deliverer, Savior, or Lord of Atonement. The term redemption means “to save someone by paying a price or bearing punishment on their behalf.” In ancient times, the act of paying a ransom to set a slave free was likewise considered redemption. God, as the Redeemer, predestined the work of redemption before the creation of the world and has carried it out ever since for the salvation of humanity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2046%3A10&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 46:10|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians%201%3A4-5&version=NIV|title=Ephesians 1:4-5|quote= }}</ref> In the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], redemption refers to freedom from sin and death through the sacrifice of [[Jesus Christ]], who atoned for the sins of the world.

==Meaning of Redemption==
The Hebrew word translated as redeemer is ''go’el'' (גֹּאֵל), meaning “kinsman-redeemer” or “avenger of blood,” derived from the verb ''ga’al'' (גָּאַל) “to redeem, to reclaim, to avenge.”<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1350.htm Strong's Hebrew: 1350. גָּאַל], ''Bible Hub''</ref> It refers to one who pays a ransom or the price of land to free someone who has lost their property or been enslaved due to poverty, or who rightfully avenges the death of a family member. Another Hebrew term frequently used for redemption is ''padah'' (פָּדָה), meaning “to ransom, to deliver, to set free.”<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/6299.htm Strong's Hebrew: 6299. פָּדָה], ''Bible Hub''</ref>

The verb ''ga’al'' is used when God delivered the Israelites from Egypt<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2015%3A13&version=NIV|title=Exodus 15:13|quote= }}</ref> and when He promised to bring back His people from their captivity in [[Babylon]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2041%3A14&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 41:14|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2043%3A1&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 43:1|quote= }}</ref> ''Padah'' describes God redeeming His people from hardships such as war and famine,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job%205%3A20&version=NIV|title=Job 5:20|quote= }}</ref> and even saving [[Soul|souls]] from the power of sin and Sheol.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms%20130%3A7-8&version=NIV|title=Psalms 130:7-8|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea%2013%3A14&version=NIV|title=Hosea 13:14|quote= }}</ref>

In the New Testament, the Redeemer is revealed as [[Christ]]. The Greek word used to describe His redemptive work is ''apolytrosis'' (ἀπολύτρωσις),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/629.htm Strong's Greek: 629. ἀπολύτρωσις], ''Bible Hub''</ref> meaning “release” or “liberation.”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%203%3A24&version=NIV|title=Romans 3:24|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians%201%3A7&version=NIV|title=Ephesians 1:7|quote= }}</ref> This signifies that humanity, once enslaved to sin and bound under death, receives forgiveness and salvation through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%206%3A6-23&version=NIV|title=Romans 6:6-23|quote= }}</ref>

== The Work of the Redeemer in the Old Testament Times ==
[[File:With the children on Sundays, through eye-gate, and ear-gate into the city of child-soul (1911) (14783117655).jpg|thumb|200px|Illustration from ''With the Children on Sundays,'' Sylvanus Stall, 1911: The Israelites were saved from the plagues and set free from Egypt through the sacrifice of the Passover lamb.]]
In the Old Testament times, the [[Jehovah|LORD]] became the Redeemer of Israel, protecting and delivering His people from suffering.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Samuel%207%3A23-24&version=NIV|title=2 Samuel 7:23-24|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+43%3A1-14&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 43:1–14|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The [[The Exodus|Exodus]] stands as the defining event that reveals the work of the Redeemer. While the Israelites were enslaved in Egypt, God remembered the covenant He had made with their ancestor [[Abraham]] and resolved to bring them out. That covenant was the promise to give the land of [[Canaan]] to Abraham and his descendants.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2015%3A18-21&version=NIV|title=Genesis 15:18-21|quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=“I also established my covenant with them to give them the land of Canaan, where they lived as aliens. Moreover, I have heard the groaning of the Israelites, whom the Egyptians are enslaving, and I have remembered my covenant. . . . ‘I am the LORD, and I will bring you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians. I will free you from being slaves to them, and '''I will redeem you with''' an outstretched arm and with mighty acts of judgment. '''I will take you as my own people, and I will be your God.''' Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, who brought you out from under the yoke of the Egyptians.’ ”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+6%3A4-7&version=NIV Exodus 6:4–7]}}

God established the [[Passover]] to deliver the Israelites from slavery, commanding them to keep it by sacrificing a lamb on that day. Through the sacrifice of the Passover lamb, they were spared from the plagues that struck Egypt and set free from bondage.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2012%3A5-13&version=NIV|title=Exodus 12:5-13|quote= }}</ref> In other words, through the lamb’s sacrifice, the Israelites were redeemed from both the slavery and the plague of death. Thus, the Passover became the day when God revealed Himself as the Redeemer of Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms%2078%3A42&version=NIV|title=Psalms 78:42|quote= }}</ref>

==Christ Came as Redeemer==
[[File:Albrecht Altdorfer 036.jpg|thumb|Panel paintings by Albrecht Altdorfer, 1509–1516: The Redeemer, Christ, sacrificed Himself on behalf of the sins of humanity.]]
Christ is [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|God who came in the flesh]] as the Redeemer. In the New Testament, redemption means that the sins committed by the human soul in heaven are forgiven through Christ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%205%3A32&version=NIV|title=Luke 5:32|quote= }}</ref> The wages of such sin is death;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%206%3A23&version=NIV|title=Romans 6:23|quote= }}</ref> in other words, humanity is regarded as guilty of a crime deserving the death penalty. Such a grave sin cannot be pardoned without a price. Therefore, [[Jesus Christ]] became the sacrifice of atonement, shedding His blood on the [[cross]] to redeem humanity from the sin of death.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2020%3A28&version=NIV|title=Matthew 20:28|quote= }}</ref>

The redemption of the Israelites through the blood of the Passover lamb at the time of the [[The Exodus|Exodus]] foreshadowed the redemption of all humanity—enslaved in this sinful world—through the blood of Christ, the true Passover Lamb and Redeemer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians%205%3A7&version=NIV|title=1 Corinthians 5:7|quote= }}</ref> Likewise, the sacrifices of lambs, bulls, and other offerings made for the atonement of the Israelites in Old Testament times were types pointing to the sacrifice of Christ, who would bear the punishment of humanity in the New Testament.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%204%3A1-35&version=NIV|title=Leviticus 4:1-35|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A27-31&version=NIV|title=Matthew 27:27-31|quote= }}</ref> For this reason, the apostles testified that through the blood of Christ—His sacrifice—[[Christian|believers]] receive redemption, that is, the forgiveness of sins.

{{quote5 |내용=In him we have '''redemption''' through '''his blood''', the '''forgiveness of sins''', in accordance with the riches of God’s grace.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+1%3A7&version=NIV Ephesians 1:7]}}{{quote5 |내용=For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your forefathers, but with the '''precious blood of Christ''', a lamb without blemish or defect.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+1%3A18-19&version=NIV 1 Peter 1:18–19]}}

“To be redeemed” contains the love of God, who sacrificed Himself even to the point of death for the salvation of the world. Humanity has been redeemed through the sacrifice of the Redeemer.

==Another Sacrifice of Redeemer==
The sacrifice of Christ for the salvation of humanity was not limited to His [[Crucifixion|suffering on the cross]]. For the sake of humanity, God gave up the glory of heaven and came into this world in the flesh. By living a life of pain and hardship that sinners themselves should have borne, He had already made a profound sacrifice. Furthermore, His unwavering dedication to proclaiming the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom]]—even while enduring contempt and persecution from His own creation—was itself an expression of God’s sacrifice.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+1%3A38&version=NIV |title=Mark 1:38 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Jesus fulfilled the prophecy that the Christ would suffer death as the sacrifice of atonement for the sins of humanity. Yet the sacrifice of God through the work of the [[gospel]] continues even in these last days. Two thousand years ago, Jesus came in the flesh and cried out to the thirsty to come and receive the water of life. In the same way, in the last days [[the Spirit and the Bride]] call out to all who thirst: “Come and receive the [[The Water of Life|water of life]].”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A37-38&version=NIV |title=John 7:37–38 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Thus, the very work of salvation carried out by Christ is being accomplished once again.
* On the last and greatest day of the Feast, '''Jesus''' stood and said in a loud voice, "If anyone is thirsty, '''let him come to me and drink'''. Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, streams of '''living water''' '''[water of life]''' will flow from within him." ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2007&version=NIV John 7:37–38])
* The '''Spirit and the bride''' say, “Come!” And let him who hears say, “'''Come'''!” Whoever is thirsty, let him come; and whoever wishes, let him '''take the free gift of the water of life'''. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation%2022&version=NIV Revelation 22:17])
The [[Gospel of John]] and the [[Revelation|Book of Revelation]] were written by the [[John (Apostle)|Apostle John]] as he was carried along by the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]]. When we compare these two books, we see that the Spirit and the Bride, just as Jesus Christ did two thousand years ago, gave up the glory of heaven and came in the flesh, living a life of sacrifice while proclaiming the gospel. Just as the redemption of humanity was accomplished through the love and sacrifice of Jesus Christ two thousand years ago, so in the last days, through the love and sacrifice of [[God the Father and God the Mother]] who appear as the Spirit and the Bride, humanity is led to salvation.

==See also==
* [[Passover]]
* [[Jesus Christ]]
* [[The Creator]]
* [[Judge]]
* [[God]]

==External links==
* [https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
* [https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:God the Father]]
[[Category:God the Mother]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]

The Old Covenant

2025-12-19T03:04:17Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:옛 언약]]The '''Old Covenant''' literally means “an old promise,” but in the Bible it refers to the covenant [[God]] made with the people of Israel before the coming of [[Jesus Christ]]. The Bible that contains the content of this covenant is called the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]]. As a law, the Old Covenant is also referred to as the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]].

Through His sacrifice on the cross, Jesus Christ established a new promise for the salvation of humanity—the [[New Covenant]]. The Old Covenant functioned as a copy and shadow, dimly revealing the New Covenant that was to come.

When the New Covenant was established, the Old Covenant lost its effect. Therefore, in the New Testament age, practicing the regulations of the Old Covenant as they are is an act that separates a person from the grace of [[Christ]]. Believers in the New Testament era receive blessings by keeping the regulations of the New Covenant according to the teachings of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]].

==Promulgation of the Old Covenant==
[[File:Raphael Moses Receiving the Tablets of the Law.jpg|thumb|''Moses Receiving the Ten Commandments,'' Raffaello Sanzio, 1518: The Old Covenant was established on Mount Sinai.]]
The Old Covenant was the covenant that God [[Jehovah]] established with the people of Israel through [[Moses]] during the [[The Exodus|Exodus]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nehemiah 9:13-14 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Nehemiah%209%3A13-14%20&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> In the Old Testament it is often recorded simply as “the covenant,” but after the New Covenant was established in the New Testament era, it began to be called the Old Covenant or the first covenant in contrast to the New Covenant. In the Bible, a covenant is a commandment and a law; therefore, the Old Covenant is also referred to as the old commandment or the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]].

When the Israelites who had come out of Egypt reached the Desert of Sinai, God called Moses up [[Mount Sinai]] and said, “If you keep my covenant, Israel will be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.” Then, amid blazing fire, deep darkness, storm, and the sound of trumpets, God proclaimed the [[The Ten Commandments|Ten Commandments]] with a majestic voice. He then gave regulations concerning the feasts and various other laws through Moses ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2019-23&version=NIV Exodus chapters 19–23]). When Moses came down from Mount Sinai and conveyed God’s words to the people, they accepted the covenant, saying, “We will do everything the LORD has said.” Moses then sprinkled the blood of the sacrificial offerings on the people, declaring, “This is the blood of the covenant that the LORD has made with you,” and thus the covenant was confirmed.<ref name="피뿌림">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+24%3A3-8&version=NIV Exodus 24:3–8] </ref> After this, God again called Moses up Mount Sinai and gave him the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments on which the words of the covenant were written.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exodus 24:12-18 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2024%3A12-18&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Exodus 31:18 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2031%3A18&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

==Role of the Old Covenant==
===Blessings upon Those Who Keep It===
The relationship between God and His people was sustained through the covenant. Those who obeyed according to God’s words were recognized as His people, and God promised to be their God and bless them. In the Old Testament era, those who kept God’s commands received physical blessings such as wealth, honor, and protection from their enemies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deuteronomy 28:1–19 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+28%3A1-19&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

When God led the Israelites out of Egypt and toward Canaan through Moses, He did not allow them to enter the land immediately. Instead, He caused them to wander in the desert for forty years. This was a period of testing to determine whether they would faithfully keep the covenant they had made with God.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deuteronomy 8:2–16 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+8%3A2-16&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> During that time, God gave Israel various commandments, including the [[Sabbath]], and commanded them to observe them. However, most of the Israelites neglected God’s statutes and laws,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ezekiel 20:10–13 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+20%3A10-13&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> continually grumbling and complaining, and as a result they perished [[Life in the Desert|in the desert]]. Only Joshua and Caleb—who obeyed God’s words—along with the second generation born in the wilderness, were permitted to enter the promised land of Canaan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers 14:34–38 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+14%3A34-38&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref>

The prophet [[Jeremiah (Prophet)|Jeremiah]] later explained that the nation of Israel was ultimately destroyed because the people abandoned the covenant they had made with God.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeremiah 22:8–9 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+22%3A8-9&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

=== Covenant That Makes Sin Known ===
[[File:Gebhard Fugel Lasset die Kindlein zu mir kommen.jpg|thumb|''Jesus Blesses Little Children,'' Gebhard Fugel, 1910: The Old Covenant was put in charge to lead us to Christ.]]
The Old Covenant—that is, the Law of the Old Testament—served the role of making people aware of sin.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Romans 3:20 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%203%3A20&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romans 7:7-13 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%207%3A7-13&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> The Law is the standard that reveals what sin is and helps people recognize that they are sinners destined to die.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Romans 6:23 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%206%3A23&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> A person who does not realize that he is a sinner feels little urgency for the forgiveness of sins. However, once a person becomes deeply aware of his own sinfulness, the desire to seek forgiveness grows stronger.

As the covenant that exposes sin, the Old Covenant leads people to Christ, who grants the forgiveness of sins. For this reason, the Apostle [[Paul]] described the role of the Old Covenant, the Law of the Old Testament, as a [[tutor]]—or guardian—leading people to Christ.{{quote5 |내용=Before the coming of this faith, we were held in custody under the law, locked up until the faith that was to come would be revealed. So the law was '''our guardian until Christ came''' that we might be justified by faith.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+3%3A23-24&version=NIV Galatians 3:23–24]}}

God established the Old Covenant so that humanity would ultimately receive forgiveness of sins and eternal life through Christ.

===Copy and Shadow of the New Covenant===
[[File:Agnus Dei Zurbarán.jpg|thumb|''The Lamb of God'', Francisco de Zurbarán, 1635–1640: The Old Covenant is characterized by its system of offering sacrifices through the shedding of animal blood.]]
The Old Covenant was established as a model and shadow of the [[New Covenant]] that Christ would later establish. The regulations of the Old Covenant reveal, in symbolic form, the system of the New Covenant, which is the reality.

{{quote5 |내용=The law is only a '''shadow of the good things that are coming—not the realities themselves.''' For this reason it can never, by the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, make perfect those who draw near to worship.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+10%3A1&version=NIV Hebrews 10:1] }}

A prominent feature of the Old Covenant was the sacrificial system, in which the blood of animals—such as sheep, cattle, and goats—was offered in the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|sanctuary]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leviticus 1:1-5 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%201%3A1-5&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> When the people sinned, they received forgiveness from God through the sacrifice of these animals, which served as substitutes for their sins.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leviticus 4:1-35 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%204%3A1-35&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

Representative examples are found in the feast ceremonies such as the [[Sabbath]], the [[Passover]], and the [[Day of Atonement]]. The Sabbath and Passover were observed with the sacrifice of lambs,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers 28:9-10 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers%2028%3A9-10&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Exodus 12:5-11 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2012%3A5-11&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> whereas the Day of Atonement required a bull and a male goat as sin offerings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leviticus 16:11-15 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2016%3A11-15&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

The [[Sacrifices in the Old Testament|sacrificial system of the Old Testament]] according to the Old Covenant was also a shadow of the system of the New Covenant. The sacrifices of animals in the Old Testament foreshadowed the [[Crucifixion|sacrifice of Christ on the cross]] as the atoning sacrifice for the sins of many.<ref name="대속물">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+10%3A28&version=NIV Matthew 10:28] </ref> Through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the regulations of the Old Covenant were revealed as the reality in the regulations of the New Covenant. Representative examples are as follows:

This entire sacrificial system of the Old Covenant was a shadow of the sacrificial system of the New Covenant. The sacrifices of animals in the Old Testament foreshadowed the sacrifice of Christ on the cross, who became the atoning sacrifice for the sins of many. Through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, the regulations of the Old Covenant were fulfilled, and their true reality was revealed in the regulations of the New Covenant. Representative examples include the following:
* '''Circumcision→ Baptism'''
::In the Old Testament era, the people of Israel received [[circumcision]] as the sign of becoming God’s people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Genesis 17:10-14 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2017%3A10-14&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> This circumcision of the Old Covenant was fulfilled in the baptism of the New Covenant. [[Baptism]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colossians 2:11–12 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians%202%3A11%E2%80%9312&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref>—immersing the body in water—is the “sign of salvation”<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colossians 2:12 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians%202%3A12&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1 Peter 3:21 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter%203%3A21&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> through which a person washes away past sins and is reborn into a new life as a [[Christian]]. Just as Jesus died on the [[cross]], the “body of sin” is buried through baptism; and just as Jesus rose again, the one who washes away sins through baptism is also reborn to a new life.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Romans 6:3–5 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+6%3A3-5&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref>

* '''The Passover: Liberation From Egypt → Liberation From Sin and Death'''
::The Passover of the Old Covenant commemorated the day the Israelites were freed from slavery in Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exodus 12:5-33 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2012%3A5-33&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> Jesus Christ chose this very day to establish the New Covenant, promising the forgiveness of sins<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matthew 26:19, 26-28 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A19%2C%2026-28&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> to those who keep the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]]. Through it, humanity is liberated from slavery to sin and death.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Romans 6:16-23 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%206%3A16-23&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref>

* '''The Feast of Firstfruits → The Day of Resurrection'''
::The [[Feast of Firstfruits]] was an Old Testament offering in which the first sheaf of grain was presented to God on the day after the first Sabbath following the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]] (Sunday).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leviticus 23:10–11 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+23%3A10-11&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> Jesus Christ became the reality of this feast. As “the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep,” He was [[Resurrection|resurrected]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1 Corinthians 15:20 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+15%3A20&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref> Just as the offering of the Feast of Firstfruits was presented on the day after the Sabbath, Jesus was resurrected on the first day after the Sabbath (Sunday), thus fulfilling the prophecy of the Feast of Firstfruits.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mark 16:1–9 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+16%3A1-9&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref>

==Completion of the Old Covenant in the New Covenant==
{{그림|최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg|정렬=오른쪽섬네일|너비=300px|타이틀=The Old Covenant was replaced when Jesus Christ established the New Covenant at the Passover, during the Last Supper.}}
In the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] [[Jeremiah (Bible)|book of Jeremiah]], it is recorded that a New Covenant would be established in the future. When the Old Covenant was broken by the sins and disobedience of the people of Israel, the prophet Jeremiah prophesied that God would establish a new covenant with His people.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeremiah 31:31-33 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah%2031%3A31-33&version=NIV |quote=}}</ref> The Apostle Paul testified that this prophecy was fulfilled by Jesus Christ, and that once Jesus established the New Covenant, the Old Covenant became obsolete.
{{quote5 |내용= For if there had been nothing wrong with that '''first covenant''', no place would have been sought for another. But God found fault with the people and said: “The days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will '''make a new covenant''' . . . This is the covenant I will establish with the people of Israel after that time, declares the Lord. I will put my laws in their minds and write them on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. . . . By calling this covenant “new,” '''he has made the first one obsolete; and what is obsolete and outdated will soon disappear.'''|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+8%3A7-10&version=NIV Hebrews 8:7–10, 13] }}

Through the Law of Moses—the Old Covenant—no one could obtain complete salvation, that is, eternal life. Therefore, Jesus established the perfect law, the New Covenant, so that humanity might receive full and complete salvation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%205%3A17&version=NIV|title=Matthew 5:17|quote= }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[New Covenant]]
*[[The Law of Moses]]
*[[Law of Christ]]
*[[Order of Priest]]
*[[Sacrifices in the Old Testament]]

==External links==
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
*[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category: Biblical Terms]]
[[Category: Gospel of the New Covenant]]

Explanations of the Trinity: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit

2025-12-19T03:04:04Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성부 성자 성령 성삼위일체 해설]]{{진리책자
|image={{그림|성삼위일체해설.jpg|정렬=가운데|너비=200px}}
|title=Explanations of the Trinity: God the Father,<br> God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit
|Author=Ahnsahnghong
|First Edition Issuance Date=February 11, 1978
|Publisher=Melchizedek Publishing Co., Ltd.
|Classification=Religion
|Book Information=[https://librarian.nl.go.kr/LI/contents/L10501000000.do?pageSize=10&pageNum=1&kwd=%EC%84%B1%EC%82%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4++%ED%95%B4%EC%84%A4 Korean Bibliographic Search]
}}

《Explanations of the Trinity: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit》 is a booklet written by [[Ahnsahnghong]]. The interpretation of the [[Trinity]] has diverse explanations even within Christianity. In Ahnsahnghong’s book, the concept of the Trinity is clearly explained through the words of [[God]] recorded in the Old and New Testaments.

==Outline of the Book==
The “Trinity” means that [[God the Father (Jehovah)|God the Father]], [[God the Son (Jesus)|God the Son]], and [[The Holy Spirit|God the Holy Spirit]] are not separate beings but one [[God the Father]]. The Father [[Jehovah]] God, who created heaven and earth and divided the [[Red Sea]], the Son [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]], who shed His blood on the [[cross]] for the forgiveness of humanity’s sins, and the Holy Spirit, who gives various gifts to the saints, are the same God the Father.

==Author’s Preface==
Today, all the churches around the world call on the name of Jesus, but many of them do not know correctly who Jesus is by nature. It’s because each church interprets the Bible according to its own doctrine. Some churches consider Jesus only as a creature like one of us, denying the Trinity; some say that Jesus is one of the angels; some insist that God and Jesus are not the same, even though the purpose and will of the two are the same. Some even say that Jesus failed to fulfill God’s will because He was crucified on the cross 1,900 years ago; some dare to curse Jesus, even saying, “He is a sinner.”

Then, why is there such a great difference among the churches in interpreting the same Bible? It’s because they see the Scriptures, written by the inspiration of the Spirit, with their physical eyes obscured by sin. Jesus said, “You diligently study the Scriptures because you think that by them you possess eternal life. These are the Scriptures that testify about me” (Jn 5:39).

The Scriptures Jesus mentioned mean the books of the Old Testament, not of the New Testament. Only those who study all the prophets of the Old Testament will understand [[/ahnsahnghong.com/en/christ/jesus-is-god-father/|the prophecy that the LORD God]] will come in the flesh and save His people from their sins as the Messiah; and they will know who He [Jesus] is. In order to recognize Jesus, we should study the [[/ahnsahnghong.com/en/christ/jesus-prophecy/|Old Testament Prophets]] carefully rather than waste time constantly arguing with each other.

Without studying the Old Testament prophecies about the Christ to come, we cannot understand who Jesus is. Then, where was Jesus before He came to this earth and who was He? First, let’s study the prophecies of the Old Testament prophets.

==Contents==
* Chapter 1 About Jesus
* Chapter 2 God in Nature
* Chapter 3 The Prophecy About the LORD Coming as the Messiah
* Chapter 4 Jesus Means Savior
* Chapter 5 Jehovah of the Old Testament Is Jesus of the New Testament
* Chapter 6 Jesus, the Son of God
* Chapter 7 A Stone That Causes Men to Stumble and a Rock That Makes Them Fall
* Chapter 8 About the Holy Spirit
* Chapter 9 Angels and the Holy Spirit

==Chapter 1 About Jesus==
The Bible prophesies about Jesus in various ways; it describes Him sometimes as God, sometimes as the Son of God, sometimes as a servant of God, and sometimes as a prophet. Unless we study the prophecies carefully, we will fail to realize who Jesus really is. Now, let’s study the prophecies in the Old Testament and their fulfillments in the New Testament.

Dt 18:18 『“I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers; I will put my words in his mouth, and he will tell them everything I command him.”』 The Apostle Peter testified that this prophecy was fulfilled through Jesus.

Ac 3:22-24 『“For Moses said, ‘The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your own people; you must listen to every-thing he tells you. Anyone who does not listen to him will be completely cut off from among his people.’ Indeed, all the prophets from Samuel on, as many as have spoken, have foretold these days.”』

In the above prophecy, Jesus is described as a prophet. Isaiah the prophet wrote:

Isa 42:1-4 『“Here is my servant, whom I uphold, my chosen one in whom I delight; I will put my Spirit on him and he will bring justice to the nations. He will not shout or cry out, or raise his voice in the streets. A bruised reed he will not break, and a smoldering wick he will not snuff out. In faithfulness he will bring forth justice; he will not falter or be discouraged till he establishes justice on earth. In his law the islands will put their hope.”』 The fulfillment of this prophecy is found in the Gospel of Matthew.

Mt 12:16-21 『. . . warning them not to tell who he was. This was to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah: “Here is my servant whom I have chosen, the one I love, in whom I delight; I will put my Spirit on him, and he will proclaim justice to the nations. He will not quarrel or cry out; no one will hear his voice in the streets. A bruised reed he will not break, and a smoldering wick he will not snuff out, till he leads justice to victory. In his name the nations will put their hope.”』

In the above prophecy, Jesus is described as God’s servant whom God has chosen, the one in whom God delights. The prophet Isaiah also prophesied:

Isa 61:1-2 『The Spirit of the Sovereign LORD is on me, because the LORD has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim freedom for the captives and release from darkness for the prisoners, to proclaim the year of the LORD’s favor and the day of vengeance of our God, to comfort all who mourn . . .』 The fulfillment of this prophecy is found in the Gospel of Luke.

Lk 4:16-21 『He went to Nazareth, where he had been brought up, and on the Sabbath day he went into the synagogue, as was his custom. And he stood up to read. The scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. Unrolling it, he found the place where it is written: “The Spirit of the Lord is on me, because he has anointed me to preach good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim freedom for the prisoners and recovery of sight for the blind, to release the oppressed, to proclaim the year of the Lord’s favor.” Then he rolled up the scroll, gave it back to the attendant and sat down. The eyes of everyone in the synagogue were fastened on him, and he began by saying to them, “Today this scripture is fulfilled in your hearing.”』

In this prophecy, Jesus is also regarded as a prophet. However, in the following prophecy written by the same prophet Isaiah, the LORD Himself was prophesied to come as Jesus.

Isa 40:3, 9-11 『A voice of one calling: “In the desert prepare the way for the LORD; make straight in the wilderness a highway for our God.” . . . You who bring good tidings to Zion, go up on a high mountain. You who bring good tidings to Jerusalem, lift up your voice with a shout, lift it up, do not be afraid; say to the towns of Judah, “Here is your God!” See, the Sovereign LORD comes with power, and his arm rules for him. See, his reward is with him, and his recompense accompanies him. He tends his flock like a shepherd: He gathers the lambs in his arms and carries them close to his heart; he gently leads those that have young.』 This prophecy was fulfilled through John the Baptist and Jesus. As it is written:

Mt 3:1-3 『In those days John the Baptist came, preaching in the Desert of Judea and saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.” This is he who was spoken of through the prophet Isaiah: “A voice of one calling in the desert, ‘Prepare the way for the LORD, make straight paths for him.’”』 This is the fulfillment of the prophecy in Isa 40:3-11.

John the Baptist is the one who came to prepare the way for the LORD, and Jesus is the LORD who came in the flesh.

The prophet Isaiah also prophesied that the LORD would be born as a child:

Isa 7:14 『Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel.』 The fulfillment of this prophecy is found in Mt 1:18-23.

Mt 1:18-23 『This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. Because Joseph her husband was a righteous man and did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly. But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins.” All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: “The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel”—which means, “God with us.”』

Immanuel means “God with us,” and Jesus “The One who saves His people from their sins.” Immanuel or Jesus indicates God. It is also prophesied:

Isa 9:6-7 『For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the gov-ernment will be on his shoulders. And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace, there will be no end. He will reign on David’s throne and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this.』

The above prophecy is also about the LORD God being born as a child. Besides this verse, there are many verses that prophesy about God coming into the world. Unless we study them carefully, we will not understand them correctly. It is not up to man to recognize Christ; it is a special gift from God. As it is written:

Jn 1:10-13 『He was in the world, and though the world was made through him, the world did not recognize him. He came to that which was his own, but his own did not receive him. Yet to all who received him, to those who believed in his name, he gave the right to become the children of God―children born not of natural descent, nor of human decision or a husband’s will, but born of God.』

Mt 16:16-17 『Simon Peter answered, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by man, but by my Father in heaven.”』

==See also==
*[[Jehovah]]
*[[Messiah]]
*[[Trinity]]
*[[God the Father (Jehovah)]]
*[[God the Son (Jesus)]]
*[[The Holy Spirit]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Son of God]]
*[[Stone That Causes to Stumble, Rock That Makes Them Fall]]

==External links==
* [https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/teaching/great-legacy/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
* [https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:Truth Books]]
[[Category:God the Father]]

Arianism

2025-12-15T05:52:09Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:아리우스주의]]'''Arianism''' (Greek: Ἀρειανισμός, Areianismós) is a Christian theological doctrine first proposed in the early 4th century by Arius (Latin: Arius; Greek: Άρειος, c. 250–336), a presbyter from [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%91%ED%8A%B8+%EC%95%8C+%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B8%EB%8B%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC+%EC%95%8C%EB%9E%99%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84/@35.5881577,17.8589292,5z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x14f5c49126710fd3:0xb4e0cda629ee6bb9!8m2!3d31.2000924!4d29.9187387 Alexandria], Egypt. Arianism teaches that [[Christ]] is a created being—not fully divine or fully human—but rather a “secondary god,” subordinate to God the Father. This view was declared one of the major [[Heresy|heresies]] of early Christianity.

At the First [[Council of Nicaea]] in 325, the church issued the Nicene Creed, formally condemning Arianism and affirming that Christ is of the same substance (homoousios) as the Father. However, this marked only the beginning of a long theological conflict, which was not conclusively resolved until the First [https://www.britannica.com/event/First-Council-of-Constantinople-381 Council of Constantinople] in 381.

==Arius==
===The Beginning of Arianism===
Arianism was proposed by Arius, a [[Elder|presbyter]] from Alexandria, who was renowned for his eloquence and gained considerable popularity among the people.<ref>Rector, Rebecca Kraft, MLS, [https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/religion-and-philosophy/arius-christian-ascetic Arius (Christian ascetic)], ''EBSCO'', 2024</ref> When he opposed the belief that the [[God the Father (Jehovah)|Father]] and the [[God the Son (Jesus)|Son]] are equal in divinity, asserting instead that “the Father and the Son are different,” Alexander, the bishop of Alexandria, excommunicated him. Expelled from Alexandria, Arius traveled through various regions in the East, persuading several bishops to support his view. To spread his doctrine more effectively, he composed it in verse form, making it easy for ordinary people to memorize and recite.<ref>Valentine Long, [https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/arius-and-the-council-of-nicaea-10686 Arius and the Council of Nicaea], ''EWTN''</ref>

At the First [[Council of Nicaea]] in 325, convened by Emperor Constantine I, Arius was condemned as a heretic and excommunicated. However, with the support of Constantia, Constantine’s influential half-sister, he was soon reinstated in the church. In 336, while walking through the streets of Constantinople, Arius suddenly died from a ruptured hernia.<ref>Philip Schaff, [https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf202.ii.iv.xxxviii.html Chapter XXXVIII. The Death of Arius,] ''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'', Series II, Volume 2, Christian Classics Ethereal Library</ref>

===Denial of the Divinity of Christ===
Arianism is the doctrine that [[Jesus Christ]] is not [[God]], but a creation made by God. Arius based his argument on the premise of the “uniqueness of God,” who alone exists by Himself and is unchangeable. In contrast, Arius claimed that the Son is a created being who has a beginning, cannot exist independently, and is subject to growth and change—therefore, He cannot be eternal or divine.

This teaching stands in direct contradiction to the [[Bible]], which clearly testifies that the Father and the Son are one and the same God.

The main points of Arius’s claims are as follows:
*'''Christ is the Logos (Greek: λόγος, meaning “Word”) who took on a human body.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%201%3A1-14&version=NIV|title=John 1:1-14|quote= }}</ref>'''
*'''Christ is subject to change and capable of suffering.'''
*'''Therefore, the Logos is changeable and not equal to God.'''
==Arian Controversy==
===Council of Nicaea: Condemnation of Arianism===
[[File:Constantine burning Arian books.jpg|thumb|200px|Illustration from ''European in the Dark Ages'', 1969: At the Council of Nicaea, Arianism was condemned as heresy, and Arius’s writings were burned.]]
In 325, Emperor Constantine I convened the Council of Nicaea to resolve the Arian controversy. Among those who opposed Arianism, [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Athanasius Athanasius]<ref>He was a deacon at the time of the Council of Nicaea, but later succeeded Alexander as the bishop of the Church of Alexandria.</ref> of Alexandria was the most fervent defender of orthodox doctrine. He argued that Arianism reduced the Son to a mere demigod and undermined the foundation of Christian redemption, for only the Son—who is truly God—can reconcile humanity with God.

The Council of Nicaea issued the Nicene Creed, declaring that “the Son is of the same essence” (Greek: ὁμοούσιος, homoousios) as the Father, affirming that the Son is fully God and not different in nature from the Father. As a result, Arianism was condemned as heresy, and Arius and his followers were excommunicated and banished.<ref>J. L. VON MOSHEIM A. P. STANLEY JOHN ALZOG, [https://www.originalsources.com/Document.aspx?DocID=C5BMBSYCYHLN3CM First Nicene Council Rise and Decline of Arianism], ''Original Sources''</ref>{{참고|Council of Nicaea|l1=|설명=}}

===Arianism and the Roman Emperor===
====Constantine’s Acceptance of Arius====
Less than three years after the Council of Nicaea, Emperor Constantine I revoked the decree of exile against Arius.<ref>Andries van Niekerk, [https://revelationbyjesuschrist.com/council-of-nicaea/ Constantine ensured that Nicaea concluded what he thought best], ''From Daniel to Revelation'', May 12, 2024</ref> Arius was treated as though he had been unjustly persecuted, and the [[Overseer (Episkopos)|bishops]] who had been excommunicated with him were also restored to the [[church]]. They, in turn, accused their opponents of immorality or of dishonoring Helena, Constantine’s mother.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Eusebius-of-Nicomedia Eusebius of Nicomedia], ''Britannica''</ref> Even Athanasius, the bishop of Alexandria and a leading defender of Nicene orthodoxy, was not spared from their attacks. He was falsely accused of threatening to block the grain supply from Egypt to Rome and was consequently sent into exile.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Athanasius St. Athanasius], ''Britannica''</ref>

In 335, Arianism received official approval at a church council. After Arius’s death in 336, his followers continued to promote his doctrine and extend their influence. The following year, in 337, Constantine I died—having been baptized shortly before his death by Eusebius, an Arian bishop.<ref>Gibbon, Edward, The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire, ''Christian Classics Ethereal Library,'' Chapter 21</ref>

====Constantius Supported Arianism====
[[File:Constance II Colosseo Rome Italy.jpg|thumb|291x291px|A bust presumed to be Constantius II. He supported Arianism. ]]
After the death of Emperor Constantine I, the Roman Empire was divided among his three sons. Constantine II (Flavius Claudius Constantinus, reigned 337–340) governed the West; Constans (Flavius Julius Constans, reigned 337–350) ruled the central regions; and Constantius II (Flavius Julius Constantius, reigned 337–361) controlled the East. While Constantine II and Constans supported the Nicene Creed, Constantius II took a different stance. Ruling in the East, where Arianism held considerable influence, he became one of its chief defenders. Under his rule, Eusebius, an Arian, was appointed bishop of Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire—deepening the rift between the Eastern and Western churches.<ref>Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church, Vol. III: Nicene and Post-Nicene Christianity A.D. 311-600. ''Christian Classics Ethereal Library'', Chapter I, Sections on Constantine's death and baptism</ref>

When Constantine II died in 340, the West came under the control of Constans. Ten years later, in 350, Constans was assassinated, and Constantius II emerged as the sole ruler of the empire after suppressing internal turmoil. Constantius pursued a pro-Arian policy, compelling all bishops to accept Arian doctrine—which claimed that “the Son is not like the Father”—and exiling those who refused. Athanasius, the most prominent opponent of Arianism, was again forced to flee under Constantius’ persecution.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Constantius-II Constantius II,] ''Britannica''</ref> Even Liberius, the bishop of Rome, was coerced by the emperor to sign a decree nullifying the Nicene Creed.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Liberius Liberius,] ''Britannica''</ref>

====Julian the Apostate====
In 360, the Roman army stationed in Paris revolted against Constantius II and proclaimed their commander, [https://www.britannica.com/summary/Julian-Roman-emperor Julian] (Flavius Claudius Julianus, reigned 361–363), as emperor. Before the armies of Constantius and Julian could meet in battle, Constantius fell ill and died, and in 361, Julian became the sole ruler of the Roman Empire. Upon ascending the throne, he publicly renounced Christianity and embraced paganism, declaring himself the head of the revived pagan religion. Because of this, history remembers him as “Julian the Apostate.”<ref>John Case, [https://onlinecoursesblog.hillsdale.edu/julian-the-apostates-attempt-to-restore-roman-paganism/ Julian the Apostate’s Attempt to Restore Roman Paganism], ''Hillsdale College'', January 18, 2024</ref>

Julian, a nephew of Constantine the Great, was educated in Greece, where he came under the influence of Neoplatonism and embraced the worship of the “Immortal Sun.” Although he proclaimed freedom of religion for all faiths, his true intention was to revive paganism and restore it to the status of an official religion of the empire.

Julian actively promoted pagan worship—offering animal sacrifices to the gods, upholding pagan orthodoxy, and issuing doctrinal instructions to priests under his authority. He also reinstated bishops of the Nicene faith who had been exiled by Constantius II, deliberately provoking conflict between Arian bishops and those who upheld the Nicene Creed.<ref>Bauer, Susan Wise, The Story of the World, Volume 1: Ancient Times, ''Peace Hill Press''</ref>

====Valens, the Fervent Arian Emperor====
After Julian's death in the second year of his reign, his successor Jovian (Latin: Flavius Claudius Jovianus, reigned 363–364) also died suddenly. Following his death, [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Valentinian-I Valentinian I] (Latin: Flavius Valentinianus, reigned 364–375), who pursued a policy of religious neutrality, ruled the Western Empire, while Valens (reigned 364–378), a fervent adherent of Arianism, ruled the Eastern Empire. Under Valens, Arianism grew strong in the Eastern Empire. Valens persecuted the Nicene believers and exiled the bishops who upheld the Nicene Creed.

===The Council of Constantinople: The Condemnation of Arianism===
[[File:Homilies of Gregory the Theologian gr. 510, f 723.jpg|thumb|285x285px|''The First Council of Constantinople'', which prohibited Arianism, unknown artist, 879–883]]
In 378, Emperor Valens was killed in battle, bringing an end to his reign and to Arian dominance in the East. The Eastern Roman Empire then came under the authority of the Western Emperor [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gratian-Roman-emperor Gratian] (Flavius Gratianus, reigned 375–383). Gratian restored the Eastern bishops who had been exiled during Valens’s persecution and appointed [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodosius-I Theodosius I] (Flavius Theodosius, reigned 379–395), the commander-in-chief of the army, as his successor in the East.<br>Theodosius I was a devout [[Christian]] who firmly upheld the Nicene faith. In 380, he issued an edict requiring all his subjects to adhere to a single creed affirming the [[Trinity]], recognizing only those who believed in the Triune God as Catholic Christians (from the Greek καθολικός [katholikós],<ref>[https://logeion.uchicago.edu/%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82 Καθολικός], ''ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ''</ref> meaning “universal”).

The creed established in 380 was further defined and officially confirmed at the First Council of Constantinople, convened by Theodosius in 381. This creed, known as the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, was essentially a revised version of the 325 Nicene Creed, which had not yet fully defined the divinity of the Holy Spirit.

In 391, Theodosius prohibited pagan sacrifices and temple worship, and in 392, he enforced the ban even more strictly, completely abolishing all forms of pagan worship within the empire.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Theodosius-I/The-middle-years The middle years of Theodosius I], ''Britannica''</ref>
*'''The Nicene Creed of 325 and the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed of 381'''

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 9pt; vertical-aling: top"
|- valign="top"
! width="50%" |<big>'''The Nicene Creed of 325'''</big> <ref>Drobner, Hubertus R, Fathers of the Church: A Comprehensive Introduction, ''Hendrickson Publishers'', 2007</ref>
! width="50%" |<big>'''The Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed of 381'''</big>
|-
|We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of all things visible and invisible.

And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, begotten of the Father [the only-begotten; that is, of the essence of the Father, God of God,] Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;

By whom all things were made [both in heaven and on earth];

Who for us men, and for our salvation, came down and was incarnate and was made man;

He suffered, and the third day he rose again, ascended into heaven;

From thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead.

And in the Holy Ghost.

[But those who say: 'There was a time when he was not;' and 'He was not before he was made;' and 'He was made out of nothing,' or 'He is of another substance' or 'essence,' or 'The Son of God is created,' or 'changeable,' or 'alterable'— they are condemned by the holy catholic and apostolic Church.]

|We believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.

And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds (æons), Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;

by whom all things were made;

who for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost and of the Virgin Mary, and was made man;

he was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate, and suffered, and was buried, and the third day he rose again, according to the Scriptures, and ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of the Father;

from thence he shall come again, with glory, to judge the quick and the dead;

whose kingdom shall have no end.

And in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and Giver of life, who proceedeth from the Father, who with the Father and the Son together is worshiped and glorified, who spoke by the prophets.

In one holy catholic and apostolic Church; we acknowledge one baptism for the remission of sins; we look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.
|-
|}

==Arianism Among the Germanic Peoples==
===Ulfilas Spread Arianism===
[[file:Bischof Ulfilas erklärt den Goten das Evangelium.jpg|thumb|200px|Woodcut illustration from ''Bildersaal Deutscher Geschichte'', 1890: Ulfilas spread Arianism among the Goths.]]
After the First Council of Constantinople, Arianism disappeared from within the Roman Empire but continued to survive among the [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Germanic-peoples Germanic peoples].<ref>Stephen Bedard, [https://historyofchristianitypodcast.com/2025/03/22/the-rise-and-impact-of-arianism-one-of-early-christianitys-defining-controversies/ The Rise and Impact of Arianism: One of Early Christianity’s Defining Controversies], ''History of Christianity'', March 22, 2025</ref> Originally inhabiting the Baltic coast and the Scandinavian Peninsula, the Germanic tribes lived agricultural, pastoral, and hunting lifestyles. However, as their populations grew and land became scarce, they migrated southward, eventually settling near the frontiers of the Roman Empire.

In the late 4th century, the Germanic tribes living along the Black Sea were driven into Roman territory by the westward advance of the Huns. This movement marked the beginning of the Great Migration of the Germanic peoples.<ref>[https://imperiumromanum.pl/en/artykul/great-migration-period/ Great Migration Period], ''Imperium Romanum'', September 12, 2021</ref><ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Europe/Barbarian-migrations-and-invasions Barbarian migrations and invasions], ''Britannica''</ref> During this period, tribes such as the Goths (both Ostrogoths and Visigoths), Vandals, Angles, Saxons, Lombards, Franks, Alamanni, Burgundians, Suebi, and Heruli established various kingdoms within Roman lands.

As a result, the Western Roman Empire gradually declined and ultimately fell in 476, when [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Odoacer Odoacer], a Germanic mercenary leader, deposed the last emperor and seized control of Italy.<ref>Graetzer, Daniel G., [https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/military-history-and-science/fall-rome Fall of Rome], ''EBSCO'', 2022</ref>

Christian leaders who had been taken captive by the Germanic peoples preached the gospel among them, and some even volunteered as missionaries. Alongside these efforts, Arian missionaries also spread their doctrine. The spread of Arianism among the Germanic tribes began with the Goths in the mid–4th century. During the reign of Constantius II, a supporter of Arianism, nearly the entire Gothic population was converted to Arian Christianity through the missionary work of Ulfilas, a Visigothic bishop and devoted adherent of Arianism.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Goth Goth,] ''Britannica''</ref>

With the exception of the Franks, most of the Germanic tribes embraced Arian Christianity, which had been condemned as heresy by the Roman Catholic Church. This doctrinal divide made it difficult for the Germanic peoples to harmonize with the Romans, who adhered to Catholicism.<ref>John, Eric, The Papacy and the Historian: Romans and Germans, ''Cambridge University Press'', vol. 57, no. 671, April 1976, pp. 152-159</ref>

===The Franks Converted to Roman Catholicism===
[[File:Master Of Saint Gilles - The Baptism of Clovis - WGA14482.jpg|thumb|왼쪽|274x274px|''The Baptism of Clovis'', Master of Saint Giles, around 1500: King Clovis of the Franks received baptism after converting to Roman Catholicism.]]
While Arianism was flourishing among the Germanic tribes that had taken over the Western Roman Empire, the Franks continued to practice their traditional pagan religion. The conversion of the Franks to Roman Catholicism took place during the reign of [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clovis-I Clovis I] (Latin: Chlodovechus I, reigned 481–511). It is recorded that Clovis embraced Catholic Christianity and was baptized after his victory over the Alemanni at the Battle of Tolbiac (Tolbiacum) around 496.<ref>The Battle of Tolbiac between the Franks and the Alamanni is traditionally dated to 496 AD. However, some historical records suggest other possible dates, such as the 480s, the early 490s, or even later, around 506 AD. It is understood that Clovis's baptism took place after his victory in the Battle of Tolbiac.</ref>

After Clovis’ conversion, the widespread adoption of Roman Catholicism among the Franks fostered their unification as a single nation. Unlike other Germanic tribes that followed Arianism, the Franks gained the support of the Roman Catholic clergy and the remaining Roman population in Gaul. By assisting the papacy, which was struggling against the Lombard invasions, the Franks formed a close alliance with the Roman Church. In return for the Church’s support in establishing the Carolingian dynasty, the Franks seized territories in central Italy from the Lombards and granted them to the pope, thereby laying the foundation for the Papal States.<ref>[https://www.historydiscussion.net/history/history-of-italy/charles-the-great-charlemagne-of-italy/6189 Charles the Great (Charlemagne) of Italy], ''History Discussion''</ref>

As a result, the Frankish Kingdom rose to become the most powerful Christian nation in Western Europe. By the early 8th century, it had surpassed the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire and established itself as the dominant power in Europe.<ref>Luciano Anastasi, [https://historymedieval.com/charlemagne-the-first-emperor-of-europe/ Charlemagne: The First Emperor of Europe, ''Medieval History'', March 28, 2023]</ref>

===The Fall of Arian Kingdoms===
[[File:Christian states 495 AD (en).svg|thumb|Germanic tribes adhering to Arianism (in orange) and the Eastern Roman Empire following the Nicene Creed (in green), around 495]]
When the Western Catholic Church was under the uneasy rule of the Arian Germanic tribes, [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Justinian-I Justinian I] (Latin: Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Justinianus, reigned 527–565) ascended the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire, which upheld the Catholic faith, in 527. Justinian was ambitious to reunite the Eastern and Western Roman Empires, believing even before his accession that the unification of the divided Churches would lead to the restoration of a single Roman Empire. In 519, when a papal delegation visited Constantinople, Justinian—then serving as minister of the interior and nephew of Emperor Justin I (Flavius Justinus, reigned 518–527)—agreed to the excommunication of Eastern bishops whom the Roman Catholic Church had condemned as heretics.<ref>Norwich, John Julius. Byzantium: The Early Centuries, ''Knopf'', 1988</ref>

After becoming emperor, he formally recognized the Pope of Rome as the head of the Church and sought to eliminate Arianism and paganism, both of which were regarded as heresies by the Catholic Church.<ref>Davis, Leo Donald, The First Seven Ecumenical Councils (325-787): Their History and Theology, ''Liturgical Press'', 1990</ref> In 534, Justinian defeated the Vandals, who had persecuted Catholics in North Africa, thereby restoring Roman Catholicism in the region.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vandal-Germanic-people Vandal,] ''Britannica''</ref> The following year, in 535, he declared war on the Ostrogoths,<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ostrogoth Ostrogoth,] ''Britannica''</ref> and after their defeat in Rome in 538, the Ostrogoths never recovered and eventually fell into decline. As the Vandals and Ostrogoths—both adherents of Arianism—collapsed, other Germanic tribes gradually abandoned Arianism and converted to the Roman Catholic faith.<ref>Cross, F. L., and E. A. Livingstone, eds, The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd ed, ''Oxford: Oxford University Press'', 2005</ref>

==Arianism in the Modern Era==
Although Arian Christianity eventually disappeared from history, teachings that deny the equality of the Father and the Son continued to arise in later generations. For example, Unitarian Christianity maintains that there is only one God and rejects both the doctrine of the Trinity and the divinity of Christ. In the 19th century, the religious group known as the Jehovah’s Witnesses taught that Jesus was the first created being and therefore not eternal. Such beliefs can be viewed as modern expressions of Arianism.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arianism Arianism,] ''Britannica''</ref>

==See also==
*[[Council of Nicaea]]
*[[The Paschal Controversy (The Passover Controversy)]]
*[[Trinity]]
*[[Lord’s Day Worship (Sunday Worship)]]
*[[Passover]]

==External links==
*[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/christ/trinity-in-bible/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website].

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Biblical Issues]]

Pauline Epistles

2025-12-15T05:51:55Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:바울서신]]The '''Pauline Epistles''' are the letters in the New Testament written by the Apostle [[Paul]] to various churches or individuals. Although scholars differ in their views, these letters are generally recognized as [[Book of Romans|Romans]], [[1 Corinthians|1]] and [[2 Corinthians]], [[Book of Galatians|Galatians]], [[Book of Ephesians|Ephesians]], [[Book of Philippians|Philippians]], [[Book of Colossians|Colossians]], [[Book of 1 Thessalonians|1]] and [[Book of 2 Thessalonians|2 Thessalonians]], [[Book of 1 Timothy|1]] and [[Book of 2 Timothy|2 Timothy]], [[Book of Titus|Titus]], and [[Book of Philemon|Philemon]]. According to the traditional view that the Epistle to the [[Book of Hebrews|Hebrews]] was also written by the Apostle Paul, the Pauline Epistles comprise a total of fourteen books.

==Paul, the Author of the Epistles==
[[file:Saint Paul - Google Art Project.jpg |thumb| 240px |''Saint Paul,'' the oil painting bequeathed by William Cartwright, is dated before 1686.]]
The Apostle Paul, the author of the Pauline Epistles, was born in Tarsus of Cilicia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+21%3A39&version=NIV |title=Acts 21:39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="행22">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%2022&version=NIV |title= Acts 22:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He was from the tribe of Benjamin<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+11%3A1&version=NIV |title=Romans 11:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and of pure [[Hebrew]] lineage.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+11%3A22&version=NIV |title=2 Corinthians 11:22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="빌3">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philippians+3%3A5-6&version=NIV |title=Philippians 3:5–6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> His Hebrew name was Saul.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+7%3A58&version=NIV |title=Acts 7:58 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A11&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A9&version=NIV |title=Acts 13:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Paul was well-versed in Judaism and Jewish tradition,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+1%3A14&version=NIV |title=Galatians 1:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> a promising scholar trained under Gamaliel,<ref name="행22" /> the most renowned teacher of his time, and a strict [[The Pharisees|Pharisee]].<ref name="빌3" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+23%3A6&version=NIV |title=Acts 23:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He was also a Roman citizen by birth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+22%3A26-28&version=NIV |title=Acts 22:26–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

While on his way to Damascus with authorization letters from the high priest to arrest members of the Church of God, he was struck by a radiant light and heard the voice of [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]], leading to his dramatic conversion to Christianity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A3-9&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:3–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+22%3A6-16&version=NIV |title=Acts 22:6–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+26%3A13-18&version=NIV |title=Acts 26:13–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Afterward, Paul supported his ministry by working as a tentmaker<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+18%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Acts 18:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+9%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 9:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and devoted himself to spreading the gospel beyond Jewish society—to the Gentile nations of Asia Minor, Greece, and even Rome. Despite being stoned, imprisoned, and enduring many hardships, he remained steadfast in his mission to preach the gospel. It is widely believed that he was martyred in Rome during the [[The Persecution of Christians in Rome|persecution under Emperor Nero]].

==Background of the Epistles==
After the [[The Ascension of Jesus|ascension of Jesus]], the apostles, having received the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] at [[Pentecost]], never ceased to preach that Jesus is the [[Christ]] wherever they went ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%202&version=NIV Acts 2]). The gospel, which had once been confined to Judea, began to spread throughout the world.

The Apostle Paul, who became a [[Christian]] after leaving Judaism, played a leading role in preaching the [[gospel]] to all nations through his extensive missionary journeys. Despite severe persecution and hardship, he fervently proclaimed the message of Christ and established churches in many regions.

However, challenges soon arose within some churches due to Jewish believers who held fast to [[Legalistic|legalism]] and Gentile converts who struggled to abandon their former cultural practices. Since Paul could not personally visit every congregation, he wrote letters to individuals and to churches across various regions, expressing his deep concern and providing spiritual guidance.

In these epistles, Paul taught the truth so that believers could stand firm in their faith, and he gave counsel on the proper attitude and responsibilities of pastors for the sound administration of the church.

==Characteristics of the Pauline Epistles==
* Even apart from the Epistle to the Hebrews, the Pauline Epistles make up 48% of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]]’s 27 books.
*Paul wrote his letters to guide church leaders in the proper attitude and responsibilities of pastors, and to protect believers from a [[Different Gospels|different gospel]] by reaffirming the truth of the gospel. He also wrote to defend both the truth and his apostleship against those who distorted the gospel or slandered him, whether inside or outside the church.
*The letters are not arranged in chronological order. The epistles to churches are listed first, followed by those addressed to individuals. Additionally, the longer letters precede the shorter ones.

==Classification==
Among the Pauline Epistles, a total of nine letters were addressed to [[Church|churches]]—'''Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, and 2 Thessalonians'''. Paul also wrote four letters to individuals: '''1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus,''' and '''Philemon'''. The Epistle to the '''Hebrews''', meanwhile, was directed to a specific group—the Hebrews.

The Prison Epistles are the four letters generally believed to have been written by Paul during his imprisonment. Among the letters addressed to individuals, some are classified separately as the Pastoral Epistles since they contain essential guidance and instructions for church leaders. These letters primarily deal with the appointment of church officers and workers, the discipline of those who disrupt church order, and instructions for the proper administration of the church.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Prison Epistles''' (4 letters)||'''Pastoral Epistles''' (3 letters)
|- style="background: white"
|Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon||1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus
|}

==Content of the Pauline Epistles==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
| style="width:80px;" |<center>'''Epistle'''<center>||<center>'''Date of Writing''' (estimated)<center> ||<center>'''Place of Writing''' (estimated)<center> ||<center>'''Summary'''<center>
|- style="background: white"
|Romans ||c. AD 58
|Corinth
|This epistle expresses Paul’s earnest desire to visit the church in Rome and teaches that both Jewish and Gentile believers should love one another and live in unity as one body in Christ.
|- style="background: white"
|1 Corinthians||c. AD 55
|Ephesus
|This epistle contains Paul’s concrete and practical guidance to resolve theological disputes and moral issues that had arisen among members of the church in Corinth.
|- style="background: white"
|2 Corinthians||c. AD 55–56
|Macedonia
|This epistle was written after 1 Corinthians, as some members of the church still misunderstood Paul’s intentions. In it, Paul emphasizes reconciliation and defends the legitimacy of his apostleship.
|- style="background: white"
|Galatians ||c. AD 55–56
|Macedonia
|This epistle emphasizes that Paul received his apostleship directly from Christ, not from men. He teaches that believers who follow the [[New Covenant|new covenant]], instead of the [[The Law of Moses|Old Testament Law]], will inherit the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]].
|- style="background: white"
|Ephesians||c. AD 62
|Rome
|This epistle was written by Paul during his imprisonment out of concern for the members of the church in Ephesus. In it, he encourages them to live according to [[God]]’s will.
|- style="background: white"
|Philippians||c. AD 63
|Rome
|This epistle expresses Paul’s heartfelt gratitude to the members of the church in Philippi for their faithful support of the gospel in every way. He also urges them to live in unity with humility and to lead godly lives.
|- style="background: white"
| Colossians||c. AD 63
|Rome
|This epistle was written out of Paul’s concern that some members might be influenced by worldly philosophies or revert to Old Testament legalism. In it, he corrects these errors and emphasizes that believers must be born again as a new self in Christ.
|- style="background: white"
|1 Thessalonians||c. AD 51
|Corinth
|This epistle was written to encourage the believers in Thessalonica, who remained steadfast in their faith despite persecution. In it, Paul also teaches them a proper understanding of the coming of Jesus.
|- style="background: white"
|2 Thessalonians||c. AD 52
|Corinth
|This epistle was written only a few months after the first letter to the Thessalonians. In it, Paul explains the coming of Jesus in accordance with the [[Bible]] and instructs believers on proper conduct as they wait for His return.
|- style="background: white"
|1 Timothy||c. AD 63–65
|Macedonia
|This epistle was written to Timothy, who was serving in the church at Ephesus. It provides instructions essential for pastoral ministry.
|- style="background: white"
|2 Timothy||c. AD 66–67
|Rome
|This epistle was written as Paul approached martyrdom. In it, he reflects on his missionary journey and encourages Timothy to fight the good fight of faith.
|- style="background: white"
|Titus||c. AD 65–66
|After being released from prison in Rome
|This epistle was written to Titus, who was serving in Crete. In it, Paul provides guidance on church organization and offers instructions for teaching and nurturing church members.
|- style="background: white"
|Philemon||c. AD 61–63
|Rome
|This is a personal letter in which Paul urges Philemon to forgive Onesimus, a slave who had stolen from him and fled to Rome, and to receive him back with love as a brother in Christ.
|- style="background: white"
|Hebrews||c. AD 65–68
|Unknown
|This epistle was written to Hebrew believers who had converted from Judaism to Christianity. It explains how the Old Testament law was fulfilled through [[Jesus Christ]] in the New Testament era.
|}

==See also==
*[[Bible]]
*[[The New Testament]]
*[[Paul]]

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:New Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Joseph (Father of Jesus)

2025-12-12T02:41:15Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:요셉 (예수님의 부친)]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file: Guido Reni - St Joseph with the Infant Jesus - WGA19304.jpg|thumb|center|250px|Guido Reni, <St. Joseph with the Infant Jesus>, 1620s]]
|title=Joseph
|Period=
|출생-사망=
|Family='''Wife''': Mary<br>
'''Sons''': Jesus, James, Joseph, Simon, Judas
|Occupation(Features)=Carpenter
|Activity area=[[Nazareth]]
}}

'''Joseph''' (Greek: Ἰωσήφ)<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/2501.htm Strong's Greek: 2501. Ἰωσήφ], ''Bible Hub''</ref> was the husband of [[Mary (Mother of Jesus)|Mary]] and the father of [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]]. A descendant of [[David]] from the tribe of Judah, he was originally from [[Bethlehem]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A4&version=NIV |title=Luke 2:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> but lived in [[Nazareth]] in [[Galilee]] as a carpenter. Besides Jesus, he had sons James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A55&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:55 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Aside from the stories related to Jesus’ birth and childhood, there is no detailed record of Joseph’s life in the [[Bible]], so it is presumed that he died before Jesus began His ministry.<ref>Dr. Noemi Oliver, [https://encounterchurchfw.org/blog/did-joseph-die-before-jesus-examining-the-evidence Did Joseph Die Before Jesus? Examining the Evidence], ''Encounter Church FW'', August 26, 2023</ref>

==Historical Background==
Israel came under Roman rule around 63 [[BC and AD|BC]]. The Roman Emperor [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-ruler Julius Caesar] appointed Herod Antipater II, an Idumean (Edomite), as the administrative governor of Judea and allowed him to rule over the region. As foreigners ruling over Jews, [[Herod]]’s dynasty tried hard to gain the support of the Jewish people. Around 4 BC, when Joseph's wife Mary gave birth to Jesus, Herod the Great was reigning as king of Judea.

==Joseph's Deeds==
===Accepting Mary as His Wife===
[[file:Mengs, Traum des hl. Joseph.jpg|thumb|250px|Anton Raphael Mengs, <Dream of Joseph>, 1773-1774]]
Joseph, who lived in Nazareth of Galilee, was betrothed to Mary. However, before they came together, Mary was found to be pregnant. Upon learning this, Joseph resolved to quietly break off the engagement. At that time, an [[angel]] of [[God]] appeared in a dream, telling Joseph not to be afraid to take Mary as his wife because the child was conceived by the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]], and to name the child Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+1%3A18-21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:18–21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Joseph obeyed the angel's word, took Mary as his wife, and did not consummate the marriage until after the birth of the child.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%201%3A24-25&version=NIV|title=Matthew 1:24-25|publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Traveling to Bethlehem for the Census===
The Roman Emperor [https://www.britannica.com/biography/Augustus-Roman-emperor Augustus] issued a decree for a census in the land of Judea.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A1&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:1|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> To register, people had to return to their hometowns. So Joseph traveled with his pregnant wife Mary to his hometown, Bethlehem. Since many people were traveling for the census, there were no rooms available. Mary gave birth in a place with a manger,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A6-7&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:6-7|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and Joseph named the child Jesus. All of this fulfilled the prophecies that [[Christ]] would be born in Bethlehem, and “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him [[Immanuel]].”<ref name="베들레헴">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Micah+5%3A2&version=NIV |title=Micah 5:2|publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+7%3A14&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 7:14|publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Fleeing to Egypt===
At that time, the King Herod heard from the [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Magi Magi from the East] that the King of the Jews had been born.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%202%3A1-3&version=NIV|title=Matthew 2:1-3|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He gathered the high [[Priest|priests]] and [[Scribes in the Bible|scribes]] and asked where Christ would be born. They replied according to the prophecy of [[Book of Micah|Micah]] that it would be in Bethlehem of Judea.<ref name="베들레헴" /> Herod sent the Magi to Bethlehem, asking them to return and report about the child. However, the Magi, warned in a dream, returned to their country by another route.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+2%3A12&version=NIV Matthew 2:12].</ref>

After the Magi left, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream and told him that Herod was trying to kill the child, so he should flee to Egypt. Joseph woke up and that night took Mary and baby Jesus and fled to Egypt, where they stayed until Herod died.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%202%3A13-15&version=NIV|title=Matthew 2:13-15|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> When the Magi did not return, Herod ordered the massacre of all boys aged two and under in Bethlehem and its vicinity, in an attempt to kill baby Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%202%3A16&version=NIV|title=Matthew 2:16|publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Moving to Nazareth===
After Herod died, the angel appeared again in Joseph’s dream and told him to return to Israel with Mary and Jesus. Joseph obeyed and returned,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%202%3A19-21&version=NIV|title=Matthew 2:19-21|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> but upon learning that Herod Archelaus, Herod's son, was ruling Judea, and because of his cruelty and massacres,<ref>[https://worldhistoryedu.com/herod-archelaus-life-and-reign/ Herod Archelaus: Life and Reign], ''World History Edu'', January 7, 2025</ref> Joseph was afraid to go there. Then, receiving another instruction through a dream, Joseph moved to Nazareth in Galilee, where Herod Antipas was ruling as tetrarch.

===Keeping the Passover with the Young Jesus===
Every year on the [[Passover]], Joseph and Mary would go to [[Jerusalem]] to observe the [[The Feasts of God|Feast of God]]. When Jesus was twelve years old, they went as usual, and as they were returning home, Jesus did not go with them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A41-43&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:41-43|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Unaware of His absence, they had already left. The next day, they realized He was missing and returned to Jerusalem to search for Him.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A43-45&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:43-45|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After three days, they found Jesus in the [[temple]], discussing the Scriptures with the teachers of the Law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bskorea.or.kr/bible/korbibReadpage.php?version=COG&book=luk&chap=2&sec=46&cVersion=&fontSize=15px&fontWeight=normal#focus|title=Luke 2:46-47|quote= }}</ref> Those who heard Him were amazed at His knowledge. Joseph and Mary were astonished. Mary said they had been worriedly searching for Him, to which Jesus replied: “Why were you searching for me? Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A48-49&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:48-49|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Joseph and Mary did not understand what He meant.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%202%3A50&version=NIV|title=Luke 2:50|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After this event, there are no more records of Joseph in the Bible.

==Lesson==
[[Matthew]] testifies that Joseph was a righteous man.<ref name="의인 요셉">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+1%3A19&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> At that time, in Judea, people were legally considered husband and wife once they were betrothed, usually one year before marriage.<ref>Marcus Jastrow, Bernard Drachman, [https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/3229-betrothal BETROTHAL ( in Talmudic Hebrew)], ''Jewish Encyclopedia''</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+22%3A23-24&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 22:23–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Even before marriage, a betrothed woman was expected to remain pure. If Mary's pregnancy had become known publicly, under the strict [[The Law of Moses|Law]], she might have faced death. However, Joseph chose to handle it quietly out of consideration for Mary.

Joseph’s actions reflect his righteous character and conduct. God chose righteous [[Abraham]] to bless the Israelite nation, righteous [[Moses]] to deliver the oppressed people, and righteous [[Noah]] to build the [[Noah’s Ark|ark]] and be saved. God chose Joseph, a righteous man, as the father of Jesus Christ, who would save mankind. God always seeks out the righteous, grants them blessings, and bestows salvation.

==See also==
*[[Mary (Mother of Jesus)]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Herod]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category: Biblical Figures]]

Monthly Elohist

2025-12-12T02:41:01Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:엘로히스트]]{{정기간행물
|image=[[file:엘로히스트_en.jpg|220px]]
|title=Monthly Elohist
|Languages=Korean, English, Spanish, Chinese (Simplified, Traditional), Nepali, Vietnamese, Hindi, Portuguese, Mongolian, Japanese, Indonesian, Filipino, Malay
|Publication Frequency=Monthly (Once a month)
|First Issue=July 1996
|Publisher=Melchizedek Publishing
|Website=[https://elohist.watv.org/en elohist.watv.org]
}}

'''《'''Monthly Elohist'''》'''is a monthly newsletter of the [[World Mission Society Church of God]] (hereinafter "Church of God"). The name means “those who love [[Elohim]] God.” It was first launched in July 1996 under the title 144,000, and was renewed under the current title, Elohist, beginning with Issue No. 101 in August 2008 to assist members in their life of faith.

As the [[Church of God’s Missionary Work|Church of God’s mission work]] has become more active around the world, multilingual editions have been added, and the magazine is now published in 14 languages, including Korean.

In addition to Elohist, the Church of God publishes other regular periodicals such as the youth newsletter《[[Monthly Soul]]》, and the monthly guide to proper family life, 《[[Happy Home Preparing for the Sabbath|Happy Home Preparing for the Sabbath]]》.<ref>[https://shindonga.donga.com/3/all/13/1298989/1 World Mission Society Church of God, "Mother, the Source of Hope for Seven Billion People"], ''Shindonga'', May 13, 2018</ref>

==Title and Purpose of Publication==
The title Elohist originates from the Hebrew word Elohim used in the original Old Testament, meaning “[[God]].” Elohim is a plural form, meaning “Gods,” and refers to [[God the Father and God the Mother]]. The name Elohist thus conveys the meaning “those who love Elohim God.”

《Monthly Elohist》 contains news from churches around the world, Bible teachings, and members’ stories. It serves as a spiritual source of encouragement for members who follow Elohim God. The magazine is distributed to Church of God locations in major cities in Korea and abroad. Through pastors and members, it is even delivered to remote villages such as those in the Amazon jungle and the Himalayas, connecting believers across the globe. Anyone, not just members, can be moved and inspired through《Monthly Elohist》.

==Monthly Elohist Publication History==
* '''July 1996 '''   First issue launched as the bimonthly 144,000
* '''January 2004 '''   Switched to a monthly publication
* '''January 2006 '''   English edition published
* '''July 2008 '''   Surpassed Issue No. 100
* '''August 2008 '''   Title changed to 《Monthly Elohist》
* '''February 2010 '''   Spanish edition published
* '''March 2012 '''   Chinese (Simplified) edition published
* '''March 2013 '''   Nepali edition published
* '''May 2013 '''   Vietnamese edition published
* '''October 2013 '''   Hindi edition published
* '''December 2013 '''   Portuguese edition published
* '''April 2014 '''   Mongolian edition published
* '''October 2016 '''   Chinese (Traditional) edition published
* '''November 2016 '''   Surpassed Issue No. 200
* '''November 2016 '''   Japanese edition published
* '''November 2018 '''   Indonesian edition published
* '''January 2021 '''   Filipino edition published
* '''February 2021 '''   Malay edition published
* '''November 2021 '''   Fully suspended during the COVID-19 pandemic
* '''January 2023 '''   Korean edition resumed
* '''May 2025 '''   English edition available online
* '''October 2025 '''   Spanish edition available online

==Composition==
===Editorial Content===
As the representative newsletter of the Church of God, Elohist features news on the [[The Feasts of God|seven feasts in three times of the New Covenant]], church events and [[The Church of God’s Community Service Activities|social contribution activities]], and updates on new church establishments worldwide. Past issues show the history of the Church's development. It also includes testimonies of gospel work submitted by members from around the world, interviews with missionaries, and reports on the state of the gospel across various regions. Other content includes sermons, [[Bible|biblical]] history, truth-based articles, and columns based on scientific theories and knowledge. Regardless of religion, readers can easily understand the magazine, resolve spiritual questions, and satisfy intellectual curiosity.

===Member Submissions===
Essays and creative writings by members are consistently submitted from Korea and abroad. These writings reflect not only the members’ faith but also the culture and everyday lives of different countries.

The annual first issue of Elohist includes entries from the previous year’s “Melchizedek Literary Award.” This award, held by the Church of God, seeks to discover and cultivate talent in the field of literature ministry—writing that conveys God’s love and hope to humanity. In 2024, the award marked its 23rd edition. Many award recipients are currently active as writers for 《Monthly Elohist》, 《Monthly Soul》, and 《Happy Home Preparing for the Sabbath》.

==Multilingual Editions==
[[file:엘로히스트 웹사이트(영어) 캡처.png|thumb|300px|The English and Spanish editions are available on the official Elohist website.]]
《Monthly Elohist》is currently published in the following languages: Korean, English, Spanish, Chinese (Simplified and Traditional), Nepali, Vietnamese, Hindi, Portuguese, Mongolian, Japanese, Indonesian, Filipino, and Malay. Each language edition features many contributions from local members.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Multilingual language editions were suspended in June 2021. Previously published Multilingual language editions are available online on [https://magazine.watv.org/ WATV Magazine] and can be viewed by members after logging in.

Since May 2025, the online service for the multilingual language editions has resumed. The Korean edition’s content has been translated into English once again and is now available on the official Elohist website. As of October, the Spanish edition has also been added.

==Official Website==
* '''Elohist Official Website''' '''[https://elohist.watv.org/en/ elohist.watv.org]'''
On the official website, selected past articles from《Monthly Elohist》are available to view. Users can also submit contributions. The site features exclusive online content, making it rich in material. Currently, the website is available in Korean, English, and Spanish.

==See also==
* [[World Mission Society Church of God]]
* [[New Jerusalem Cultural Content Awards Ceremony]]
* [[Monthly Soul]]
* [[Happy Home Preparing for the Sabbath]]

==External links==
* [https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]
* [https://elohist.watv.org/en Elohist]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHk6YF5vgCc&list=PL1o2ACGAmUznXcfzKjRbg-IgxeWID-mAz "New Songs That Go Well with Reading Elohist"]. Church of God New Song Streaming YouTube Channel

==References==
<references/>

{{패밀리 사이트}}
[[Category:Church of God]]

Luke

2025-12-10T02:53:55Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:누가]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file:Claude Vignon - Saint Luke the Evangelist.jpg|center|thumb|250px|Saint Luke the Evangelist, Claude Vignon, 1610–1620]]
|title=Luke
|Period=Apostolic Age (c. AD 40)
|출생-사망=
|Occupation(Features)=Physician
|Major achievements=Written the Gospel of Luke and the book of Acts
}}
'''Luke''' (Greek: Λουκᾶς)<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/3065.htm Strong's Greek: 3065. Λουκᾶς], ''Bible Hub''</ref><ref>[https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Luke.html Luke meaning], ''ABARIM Publications''</ref> was a [[Christian]] physician who lived during the Apostolic Age and served alongside Apostle [[Paul]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians4|title=Colossians 4:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> As a devoted companion and co-laborer in the early Church, he remained faithful to Paul even during his imprisonment in Rome.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philemon+1%3A23-24&version=NIV |title=Philemon 1:23–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Luke wrote two major books of the New Testament: the [[Gospel of Luke]], one of the four canonical Gospels, and the [[book of Acts]], which records the actions of the apostles. Both writings reveal his profound spiritual insight and deep concern for the human [[soul]].

==Historical Background==
After [[The Ascension of Jesus|Jesus’ ascension]], Apostle [[Peter]] received a divine vision instructing him to share the [[gospel]] with the Gentiles. In obedience, he [[Baptism|baptized]] [[Cornelius]], a Roman centurion—the first recorded Gentile convert to Christianity. From that pivotal moment, the gospel began to spread rapidly among the Gentiles, with Antioch of Syria emerging as a central hub of missionary activity. Because Luke bore a Greek name and the book of Acts contains detailed accounts of [[Antioch]]’s geography and community, many scholars—drawing on traditions preserved by the historian Eusebius—have suggested that Luke was a Gentile believer from Antioch.<ref>[https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/10/18/st--luke--evangelist--physician---patron-of--artists.html St. Luke, Evangelist, Physician, Patron of Artists], ''Vatican News''</ref>
==Luke’s Legacy==
===Writer of Two New Testament Books===
[[file:Luke 13.29-35 and 14.10 (CBL BP I, f.15r).jpg |thumb| px |A papyrus copy of the Gospel of Luke is preserved at the Chester Beatty Library in Ireland. This manuscript is believed to date from approximately AD 200–250.]]
Luke wrote two books of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]]: the Gospel of Luke and the book of Acts. Both works display exceptional literary quality, indicating that Luke was a well-educated and cultured writer.<ref>[https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=rTj2DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10&dq=The+style+of+the+Gospel+of+Luke+and+the+Acts+is+of+literary+excellence,+showing+Luke,+was+a+cultured+man&hl=ko&newbks=1&newbks_redir=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjV7abdraSNAxVXsFYBHSphL8QQ6AF6BAgJEAM Luke: Jesus Christ, Savior for the Nations], ''Practical Christianity Foundation'', August 8, 2020, pg.10</ref> Each book opens with a formal preface addressed to “Most Excellent Theophilus,” who is thought to have been a high-ranking Roman official.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=Luke 1:1–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%201%3A1-4&version=NIV |title=Acts 1:1-4 |quote= }}</ref> This address suggests that both volumes were originally composed with Theophilus as the intended primary recipient. Many biblical scholars believe that Theophilus was a Gentile convert to Christianity, likely still young in his faith, and that he may have shared a close personal relationship with Luke.<ref>[https://biblehub.com/q/who_is_theophilus_in_luke_and_acts.htm Who is Theophilus in Luke and Acts?], ''Bible Hub''</ref> Luke’s primary purpose in writing was to affirm the truth and reliability of the teachings Theophilus had received concerning [[Jesus Christ]]. A secondary purpose was to provide those who had not personally witnessed Jesus’ ministry with a clear, orderly, and accurate account of His life and works.<ref>[https://insight.org/resources/bible/the-gospels/luke Luke], ''Insight for Living(The Bible Teaching Ministry of Pastor Chuck Swindoll)''</ref><ref>Lasky, Jack, [https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/religion-and-philosophy/gospel-luke The Gospel of Luke], ''EBSCO'', 2022</ref>
<small>{{참고|Gospel of Luke|Book of Acts}}</small>

===Luke’s Special Insight Into the Spiritual Realm===
Luke was a man who, by the grace of God, possessed a profound understanding of the human soul. His writings in Scripture reveal a deep awareness of spiritual realities and the eternal significance of the soul.
*“Fear Him who, after killing the body, has power to throw into [[hell]]” (Luke 12:5).<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+12%3A4-5&version=NIV Luke 12:4–5]. </ref>
*The parable of the rich man and Lazarus, which vividly portrays the realities of '''paradise and hell''' (Luke 16:19–31).<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+16%3A19-29&version=NIV Luke 16:19–29].</ref>
*“Today you will be with Me in '''paradise'''.” — Jesus’ promise to the repentant thief (Luke 23:43).<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23%3A42-43&version=NIV Luke 23:42–43]. </ref>
*“Father, into Your hands I commit My '''spirit'''.” — Jesus’ final words before His death (Luke 23:46).<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23%3A46&version=NIV Luke 23:46]. </ref>
*“A '''spirit''' does not have flesh and bones, as you see I have.” — Jesus’ post-resurrection declaration affirming the reality of spiritual existence (Luke 24:39).<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A29&version=NIV Luke 24:29]. </ref>
===Apostle Paul’s Fellow Worker===
[[file:Lucas schrijft zijn evangelie, RP-P-1921-269.jpg |thumb| px |''Luke Writing the Gospel With Paul Standing Behind Him'', Bernard Picart, 1709 ]]
Luke was a faithful fellow worker of Apostle Paul. The term ''fellow worker'' refers to one who shares a unified purpose and labors alongside others toward a common goal. In the [[Bible]], it often describes those who work together for the advancement of the gospel—a designation Paul frequently used for his ministry partners. Luke joined Paul’s missionary team during his second journey, a detail evident in the book of Acts, where the narrative occasionally shifts to the first-person plural (“we”),<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+16%3A10&version=NIV |title=Acts 16:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts20|title=Acts 20:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+27%3A1&version=NIV |title=Acts 27:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> indicating Luke’s direct participation in the events described. He remained by Paul’s side until the end of the apostle’s life,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+4%3A6-11&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 4:6–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> even during imprisonment. Together, they played a crucial role in transforming the early Church from a movement centered in Judea into a faith that reached across the entire known world.

==See also==
*[[Gospel of Luke]]
*[[Book of Acts]]
*[[Paul]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

Gospel of Luke

2025-12-10T02:53:38Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:누가복음]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Luke
|Abbreviation=Lk
|Class.=New Testament
|Category=4 Gospels
|Chapters=24 chapters
|Writer=Luke
|Date (Approx.)=BC 60–68
}}
The Gospel of '''Luke''' is the third book of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], written by Luke, who recorded the life, teachings, and ministry of Jesus Christ. It is one of the [https://overviewbible.com/four-gospels/ Four Gospels], together with [[The Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]], [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]], and [[Gospel of John|John]]. In the King James Version (KJV), it is titled “The Gospel According to St. Luke.”

==Writer of Luke==
The writer of the Gospel of Luke is Luke, who was a physician by profession.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+4%3A14&version=NIV |title=Colossians 4:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After becoming a [[Christian]], he devoted himself not only to healing the body but also to saving souls through the gospel. Luke accompanied Apostle [[Paul]] on several of his missionary journeys, faithfully serving as his co-worker and remaining with him even during Paul’s imprisonment in Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+4%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 4:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> By comparing the prologues of the Gospel of Luke and the book of Acts, it becomes evident that Luke is also the writer of the [[book of Acts]].<ref name="눅1:1-4">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1%3A1-4&version=NIV |title=Luke 1:1–4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+1%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Acts 1:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Background of the Writing==
The Gospel of Luke, together with the book of Acts, was originally written for a specific individual named Theophilus, who is believed to have been a high-ranking Roman official. Luke composed his writings to assure Theophilus that the teachings he had received about Jesus were true and reliable.<ref name="눅1:1-4" />

This Gospel presents a thorough and orderly account of the birth, life, teachings, death, and [[resurrection]] of Jesus Christ. Its ultimate purpose was not only to strengthen Theophilus’s faith but also to help all people gain a clear and accurate understanding of who [[Jesus Christ]] is and the truth of His gospel.

==Characteristics of the Gospel of Luke==
* The Gospel of Luke provides a detailed account of [[Life of Jesus|Jesus’ life]] and emphasizes that salvation through [[Christ]] is universal—a message for all people everywhere. The angel’s announcement of Jesus’ birth is described as “good news of great joy for all people.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Luke 2:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Unlike the Gospel of Matthew, which traces Jesus’ genealogy back to Abraham, Luke traces it all the way to Adam, and ultimately to [[God]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+3%3A23-38&version=NIV |title=Luke 3:23–38 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Luke also highlights Jesus’ compassion toward those who were marginalized or overlooked—the sick, the poor, children, women, and even Samaritans, who were regarded as outsiders in Jewish society at the time. Through these accounts, Luke reveals the boundless mercy and inclusiveness of Christ’s love.
*The Gospel of Luke contains more teachings than the other Gospels that emphasize the value and truth of the human [[soul]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+12%3A4-5&version=NIV |title=Luke 12:4–5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+16%3A19-29&version=NIV |title=Luke 16:19–29 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23%3A42-43&version=NIV |title=Luke 23:42–43 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23%3A46&version=NIV |title=Luke 23:46 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A39&version=NIV |title=Luke 24:39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This focus suggests that Luke possessed a deep spiritual insight and a profound awareness of the human soul.
*Luke emphasizes the work of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] throughout the life and ministry of Jesus. From His birth and baptism to His public ministry, Jesus is portrayed as being continually guided and empowered by the Spirit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1%3A30-35&version=NIV |title=Luke 1:30–35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+3%3A21-22&version=NIV |title=Luke 3:21–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+4%3A1&version=NIV |title=Luke 4:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+4%3A14&version=NIV |title=Luke 4:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The [[Gospel]] also records Jesus’ teaching that a time would come when people would be taught by the Holy Spirit,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+12%3A10-12&version=NIV |title=Luke 12:10–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and He encouraged them to pray for the power of the Spirit to come upon them.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A13&version=NIV |title=Luke 11:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A49&version=NIV |title=Luke 24:49 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
*As a physician, Luke provides more precise descriptions of illnesses and physical conditions than the other Gospel writers. For example, while Mark simply notes that Peter’s mother-in-law had a “fever,”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+1%3A30-31&version=NIV |title=Mark 1:30–31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Luke describes it more specifically as a “high fever.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+4%3A38&version=NIV |title=Luke 4:38 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Likewise, whereas Matthew and Mark refer generally to a “leper,”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+8%3A2&version=NIV |title=Matthew 8:2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+1%3A40&version=NIV |title=Mark 1:40 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Luke adds a medical detail, stating that the man was “full of leprosy.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+5%3A12&version=NIV |title=Luke 5:12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Structure of the Gospel of Luke==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 500px;"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Verses''' ||'''Content Summary'''
|- style="background: white"
|1:1–2:52
|The Birth of John the Baptist and of Jesus
|- style="background: white"
|3:1–4:13
|Jesus’ Baptism
|- style="background: white"
|4:14–9:50
|Jesus’ Ministry in Galilee
|- style="background: white"
|9:51–19:27
|Jesus’ Ministry on the Way to Jerusalem
|- style="background: white"
|19:28–21:38
|Jesus’ Entry Into Jerusalem
|- style="background: white"
|22:1–23:56
|New Covenant Passover and Jesus’ Suffering
|- style="background: white"
|24:1–53
|Jesus’ Resurrection
|}

===The Birth of John the Baptist and of Jesus [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%201%3A1%E2%80%932%3A52&version=NIV (1:1–2:52)]===
Zechariah, a [[priest]], had no children even in his old age. While he was serving in the [[temple]], the [[angel]] Gabriel appeared to him and promised that his wife would bear a son named John. Because Zechariah did not believe the angel’s message, he was made unable to speak until the child was born.

Meanwhile, in the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy—Zechariah’s wife—the angel Gabriel visited [[Mary (Mother of Jesus)|Mary]], a virgin pledged to be married to Joseph, and told her that she would conceive and give birth to a son, Jesus. Shortly after John’s birth, a decree was issued by [[Caesar]] Augustus for a census to be taken throughout the Roman Empire.<ref>Alyssa Roat, [https://www.biblestudytools.com/bible-study/topical-studies/why-was-there-a-roman-census-at-the-time-of-jesus-birth.html Why Was There a Roman Census at the Time of Jesus' Birth?], ''Bible Study Tools'', April 29, 2024</ref> Joseph and Mary went to [[Bethlehem]] to register for the census, and while they were there, Jesus was born.

Luke’s Gospel is the only one that records events from Jesus’ childhood. When Jesus was twelve years old, He went to Jerusalem with His family to celebrate the [[Passover]]. After the feast, while His parents began their journey home, Jesus stayed behind in the temple. When Mary found Him and asked why He had done so, Jesus replied, “Didn’t you know I had to be in my Father’s house?”

===Jesus’ Baptism [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%203%3A1%E2%80%934%3A13&version=NIV (3:1–4:13)]===
When Jesus was about thirty years old, He was [[Baptism|baptized]] by [[John the Baptist]]. Although people knew Him as the son of [[Joseph (Father of Jesus)|Joseph]], Luke traces His genealogy back through [[David]]—all the way to [[Adam]]—and ultimately to God.

===Jesus’ Ministry in Galilee [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A14%20%E2%80%93%209%3A50&version=NIV (4:14 – 9:50)]===
After overcoming [[Satan (Devil)|Satan]]’s temptations through the Word of God, Jesus began His public ministry in [[Galilee]]. He spent most of His ministry in this region—teaching and performing many [[Miracles of Jesus|miracles]] for the sick, the poor, women, and children. It was also from Galilee that He called and sent out His twelve disciples.

One notable event took place when Jesus was invited to dine at the house of a [[The Pharisees|Pharisee]]. A woman known in the town as a sinner came in with an [https://biblehub.com/topical/t/the_alabaster_box.htm alabaster jar] of perfume, poured it on Jesus’ feet, and wiped them with her hair. Those present murmured among themselves, questioning why He would allow such a woman to touch Him. But Jesus forgave her sins.

The religious leaders of the time criticized Jesus for being a friend of tax collectors and sinners, because He did not turn away from those who were marginalized.

===Jesus’ Ministry on the Way to Jerusalem [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A51%E2%80%9319%3A27&version=NIV (9:51–19:27)]===
As the time of His death drew near, Jesus set His face toward [[Jerusalem]], yet He continued to preach along the way. During this journey, He spoke many [[Parables of Jesus|parables]] through which He revealed the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven and taught profound spiritual truths.

===Jesus’ Entry Into Jerusalem [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2019%3A28%E2%80%9321%3A38&version=NIV (19:28–21:38)]===
Jesus entered Jerusalem riding on a colt that had been prepared for Him in advance. As He approached the city, the crowd spread their cloaks on the road before Him and followed, praising God with loud voices. Upon entering Jerusalem, Jesus drove out those who were selling in the temple, cleansing it and restoring its sacred purpose. He then taught His disciples about the coming destruction of Jerusalem and the [[Timing of Jesus’ Second Coming|signs of His second coming]].

===New Covenant Passover and Jesus’ Suffering ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%E2%80%9323&version=NIV 22–23])===
{{그림|최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg |너비=320px | 정렬=오른쪽섬네일|타이틀=At the meal known as the “Last Supper,” Jesus established the new covenant, through which the forgiveness of sins and eternal life were promised.}}
Before the Passover, [[Judas Iscariot]] conspired with the chief priests and agreed to betray Jesus in exchange for money. A few days later, Jesus celebrated the Passover with His disciples in a prepared upper room. There, He gave them bread and wine, symbolizing His body and blood.

{{quote5 |내용= And he took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is my body given for you; do this in remembrance of me.” In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the '''new covenant in my blood''', which is poured out for you.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A19-20&version=NIV Luke 22:19–20]}}

After the Passover, Jesus went to the Mount of Olives and prayed earnestly. Soon afterward, Judas Iscariot arrived with the chief priests, officers, and elders. As they had planned, Judas approached and betrayed Jesus with a kiss. The crowd then seized Jesus and took Him to the high priest’s house.

At daybreak, Jesus was brought before Pilate. When Pilate learned that Jesus was a Galilean, he sent Him to [[Herod]], the ruler of Galilee. Herod mocked Him and then sent Him back to Pilate. To appease the crowd, Pilate sentenced Jesus to death.

While Jesus was on the [[cross]], many continued to mock Him. Yet one of the criminals crucified beside Him rebuked the others and asked Jesus for mercy. Jesus answered, “Truly I tell you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”

At the ninth hour (around 3 p.m.), Jesus breathed His last. A council member named Joseph of Arimathea took His body and laid it in his own new tomb in which no one had ever been laid.

===Jesus’ Resurrection ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024&version=NIV 24])===
After the [[Sabbath]], early the next morning, women went to Jesus’ tomb. There, an angel dressed in radiant white appeared and announced that [[Jesus’ Resurrection|Jesus had risen]]. The women then remembered Jesus’ words: “The Son of Man must be crucified and rise again on the third day.” They quickly went and reported the news of His resurrection to the eleven disciples.

The risen Jesus appeared to two disciples on the road to Emmaus. Although they walked and talked with Him along the way, they did not recognize who He was. It was only when Jesus broke the bread and gave thanks that their eyes were opened and they realized it was Him.

The two disciples immediately returned to Jerusalem and told the others what had happened. While they were still speaking, Jesus appeared among them. At first, they thought they were seeing a spirit, but when He showed them His hands and feet, their fear turned to joy. They even gave Him food to eat.

Jesus then taught them that the message of salvation must be proclaimed to all nations. [[The Ascension of Jesus|After His ascension]], the disciples were filled with great joy, continually praising God and meeting together in the temple.

==See also==
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[The New Testament]]
*[[The Gospel of Matthew]]
*[[Gospel of Mark]]
*[[John]]

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:New Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Pharaoh

2025-12-10T02:53:18Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:바로 (파라오)]]'''Pharaoh''' was the common title used for the kings of ancient Egypt. As the supreme ruler, the pharaoh held both political and religious authority and was even regarded as a divine being.

Egypt, located to the south of Israel, frequently appears throughout biblical history. In the [[Bible]], the ruler of Egypt is sometimes referred to simply as “Pharaoh,”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+12%3A15&version=NIV Genesis 12:15], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+1%3A11&version=NIV Exodus 1:11]</ref> and at other times as “Pharaoh king of Egypt,” combining the title with the descriptive phrase “king of Egypt.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+41%3A46&version=NIV Genesis 41:46], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+7%3A8&version=NIV Deuteronomy 7:8]</ref> In some passages, the title appears together with a specific name—for example, “Pharaoh Neco.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+23%3A29&version=NIV 2 Kings 23:29]</ref> Altogether, five Pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Bible: Shishak, So, Tirhakah, Neco, and Hophra.

==Etymology==
[[file:C+B-Pharaoh-Hieroglyph1.png |thumb|150x120px|Egyptian hieroglyph ''pr-’o'' ]]
The word ''pharaoh'' originates from the ancient Egyptian hieroglyph ''pr-’o'',<ref>Since ancient Egyptian (hieroglyphs) did not record vowels, it is presumed that "pr-‘o" was pronounced as "pero" (pharaoh), or alternatively as "per-a-a" or "Per’a".</ref> which literally meant “great house” or “palace.” Initially, the term referred to the royal palace itself—the residence of the king of Egypt. However, beginning around the middle of the 18th Dynasty (c. 1450 BC), ''pr-’o'' came to be used as a designation for the monarch personally. By the 22nd Dynasty (945–720 BC), it had become an official royal title, used together with the ruler’s name.<ref name=":1">[https://www.britannica.com/topic/pharaoh Pharaoh], ''Britannica''</ref> The Hebrew rendering of ''pr-’o'' was ''par‘oh'' (פַּרְעֹה‎),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/6547.htm Strong's Hebrew: 6547. פַּרְעֹה], ''Bible Hub''</ref> which was later transliterated into Greek as ''pharaō'' (Φαραώ).<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/pharao__5328.htm Greek Concordance: Φαραὼ], ''Bible Hub''</ref> This Greek form gave rise to the English word ''pharaoh''. After Egypt was conquered by [[Alexander the Great]] around 332 BC, the use of the title gradually declined.

==Role==
===Political Leader===
Around 3150 BC, Menes unified Upper Egypt—the region stretching from the Nile Delta to Nubia—and Lower Egypt, which encompassed the Nile Delta from south of Cairo to the Mediterranean Sea. This unification marked the beginning of Egypt’s First Dynasty, and from that time the ruler of Egypt was given the title “Lord of the Two Lands.” As the supreme political authority, the pharaoh owned all the land of Egypt and held absolute power to enact laws, levy and redistribute taxes, and oversee foreign diplomacy. The pharaoh also regulated trade and economic activities, directed agricultural labor, and commissioned large-scale public works, such as temples, monuments, and irrigation systems.
===Religious Leader===
The pharaoh also held the title of “High Priest of Every Temple.” He acted as the chief officiant in religious ceremonies, determined the sites of temples, and ordered their construction. As the supreme religious leader, he also possessed the authority to command the military and to wage wars, either to defend the nation or to secure essential resources. This was because warfare was considered a form of sacrificial offering to Ma’at, the goddess of balance and justice (the daughter of the sun god Ra), and to Horus,<ref>He is the son of Osiris, the first ruler of Egypt and a divine king. Horus is known as the god of the earth and the restorer of order.</ref> the god who restores order.<ref>[https://www.worldhistory.org/pharaoh/ Pharaoh,] ''World History Encyclopedia''</ref>
===Deification===
[[file:Senusret five fold titulary.jpg|thumb|Five-name titulary of Senusret I of the 12th Dynasty]]
[[file:Tiberius horus name ver 2.png|thumb|The Horus name of Roman Emperor Tiberius recorded in hieroglyphs<ref>[https://pharaoh.se/roman-emperor/Tiberius Tiberius,] ''pharaoh.se''</ref>]]
The ancient Egyptians believed that their ruler was either the incarnation of a god or the son of a god. Among their principal deities, Horus was regarded as the guardian god of both Egypt and the pharaoh, and also symbolized the pharaoh himself.<ref>[https://www.worldhistory.org/Horus/ Horus,] ''World History Encyclopedia''</ref> According to Egyptian legend, Menes, the first pharaoh of the First Dynasty, inherited the throne directly from Horus. During the Second Dynasty, the sun god Ra began to be incorporated into the pharaoh’s name,<ref>Raneb, the second pharaoh of Egypt’s Second Dynasty</ref> signifying that Ra, together with Horus, had become a divine protector of the ruler. In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh was regarded as the living incarnation of Horus and the son of the sun god Ra, worshiped as a divine being equal in stature to the sun god himself.<ref>[https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/labels/pharaoh-born-of-the-gods/ BORN OF THE GODS], ''NGV''</ref> This divine identity was reflected in the pharaoh’s official titles, which clearly expressed his association with Horus and Ra. The pharaoh’s royal titulary, written in hieroglyphs, consisted of five distinct names: the Horus name, the Nebty (Two Ladies) name, the Golden Horus name, the Throne name (prenomen or coronation name), and the Son of Ra name (nomen or birth name). Among these, the Son of Ra name proclaimed the pharaoh as the “child of the sun,” while the Horus name affirmed that he was the earthly embodiment of Horus himself.<br>The custom of deifying the pharaoh—the supreme ruler—was later passed down to other ancient civilizations. When Alexander the Great of Macedonia conquered Egypt, he declared that he had received an oracle proclaiming him to be the son of Amun-Ra, and in the Greek world, he was revered as the son of Zeus. This tradition of ruler worship continued in the [[Roman Empire]], where the practice of emperor deification took root.<ref>Howard F. Burton, "The Worship of the Roman," ''The Biblical World'', Vol. 40(2), 1912, pp.80-81</ref> For instance, an inscription erected by Rome after its conquest of Egypt described Octavian (Augustus) with exalted titles such as “god, son of a god, great foreign god, Caesar Autocrator.” When the deceased Julius Caesar was officially deified, Octavian—his adopted heir—was likewise honored as the “son of a god,” after his death.<ref>[https://nextstepbiblestudy.net/index.php/2019/12/25/the-births-of-augustus-and-jesus/ The Births of Augustus and Jesus], ''Next Step Bible Study''</ref>

==Pharaoh in the Bible==
In the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], five pharaohs are mentioned by name: Shishak, So, Tirhakah, Neco, and Hophra. In addition to these, several other pharaohs appear in the biblical record without their names being specified.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!'''Pharaoh in the Bible'''
!'''Bible Verses'''
!Presumed Figures<ref>According to 1 Kings 6:12, the completion of Solomon’s temple in the 11th century BC took place 480 years after the Exodus. Therefore, the Exodus is estimated to have occurred in the 15th century BC. This article bases its timeline of the Exodus on the assumption that it took place in the 15th century BC.</ref>
|-
|Pharaoh in Abraham’s time
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ge%2012%3A10%E2%80%9320&version=NIV Ge 12:10–20]
|One pharaoh from the 11th–12th Dynasty
|-
|Pharaoh in Joseph’s time
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ge%2037%3A36%E2%80%9350%3A9&version=NIV Ge 37:36–50:9]
|One pharaoh from the 12th Dynasty<ref>According to Exodus 12:40, the descendants of Jacob lived in the land of Egypt, specifically in Goshen, for about 400 years, during which they were subjected to slavery. Based on this, Jacob’s family is believed to have migrated to Egypt around the 19th century BC.</ref>
|-
|The new pharaoh who did not know Joseph
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ex%201%3A8%E2%80%9322&version=NIV Ex 1:8–22]
| rowspan="3" |One pharaoh from the 18th Dynasty
|-
|Pharaoh at the time of Moses’ birth
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ex%202%3A1%E2%80%9325&version=NIV Ex 2:1–25]
|-
|Pharaoh during the Exodus
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ex%205%3A1%E2%80%9315%3A27&version=NIV Ex 5:1–15:27]
|-
|Pharaoh, father of Bithiah
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Ch%204%3A18&version=NIV 1 Ch 4:18]
| Unknown
|-
|Pharaoh who received Hadad the Edomite prince
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Ki%2011%3A15%E2%80%9322&version=NIV 1 Ki 11:15–22]
|One pharaoh from the 21st Dynasty
|-
|Pharaoh, father-in-law of Solomon
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Ki%203%3A1%3B%207%3A8%3B%209%3A16%E2%80%9324%3B%2011%3A1%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 1 Ki 3:1; 7:8; 9:16–24; 11:1–20]
|One pharaoh from the 21st–22nd Dynasty
|-
|Shishaq
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1%20Ki%2011%3A40%3B%2014%3A25%3B%202%20Ch%2012%3A1%E2%80%939&version=NIV 1 Ki 11:40; 14:25; 2 Ch 12:1–9]
|Shoshenq I of the 22nd Dynasty
|-
|So
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Ki%2017%3A4&version=NIV 2 Ki 17:4]
|Osorkon IV of the 22nd Dynasty or Tefnakht of the 24th Dynasty
|-
|Pharaoh during the time of Hezekiah
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Ki%2018%3A21&version=NIV 2 Ki 18:21]
|Shabaka of the 25th Dynasty
|-
|Tirhaqah
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Ki%2019%3A9%E2%80%9336%3B%20Isa%2037%3A9&version=NIV 2 Ki 19:9–36; Isa 37:9]
|Taharqa of the 25th Dynasty
|-
|Necho
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Ki%2023%3A29%E2%80%9335%3B%20Jer%2025%3A1%E2%80%9319%3B%2046%3A2&version=NIV 2 Ki 23:29–35; Jer 25:1–19; 46:2]
|Necho II of the 26th Dynasty
|-
|Hophra Apries
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jer%2037%3A1%E2%80%9311%3B%2044%3A30%3B%20Eze%2017%3A11%E2%80%9317%3B%2029%3A1%E2%80%933&version=NIV Jer 37:1–11; 44:30; Eze 17:11–17; 29:1–3]
|Wahibre of the 26th Dynasty
|}

===Abraham’s Time===
[[file:Farao geeft Sara aan Abraham terug Rijksmuseum SK-A-1191.jpeg |thumb| 200px |The pharaoh sends Sarah back to Abraham.]]
In [[Genesis]] 12, [[Abraham]] and his wife [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] went down to Egypt to escape a severe famine in [[Canaan]]. Fearing that the Egyptians might kill him to take his beautiful wife, Abraham told them that Sarah was his sister. The pharaoh of Egypt, believing this, took Sarah into his palace and gave Abraham many gifts in return. However, God afflicted the pharaoh and his household with plagues because of Sarah. When the pharaoh discovered that she was actually Abraham’s wife, he rebuked Abraham and returned Sarah to him, sending them away from Egypt unharmed.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+12%3A10-20&version=NIV |title=Genesis 12:10–20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
===Joseph’s Time===
[[file:Joseph receiving Pharaoh's Ring.tif |thumb| 200px |Joseph receives the pharaoh’s ring.]]
While [[Joseph (Son of Jacob)|Joseph]] was living in Egypt as a slave, the pharaoh had two troubling dreams: in the first, seven healthy cows were devoured by seven thin and gaunt cows; in the second, seven withered heads of grain consumed seven full and good heads of grain. On the recommendation of the chief cupbearer, the pharaoh summoned Joseph to interpret the dreams. Joseph explained that the two dreams carried the same message—they foretold seven years of abundance followed by seven years of severe famine. Deeply impressed by Joseph’s wisdom, the pharaoh appointed him as prime minister. During the seven years of plenty, Joseph stored large quantities of grain throughout the cities of Egypt in preparation for the coming famine.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2041&version=NIV Genesis 41장]</ref> When the famine struck, [[Jacob]]’s entire family relocated to Goshen in Egypt, where they found refuge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+46%3A26-27&version=NIV |title=Genesis 46:26–27 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

If the date of Israel’s migration to Egypt is placed in the 19th century BC, the pharaoh of Joseph’s time is generally thought to have been one of the rulers of the 12th Dynasty, under whom Egypt’s Middle Kingdom reached its height of prosperity.

===Israel’s Sojourn in Egypt===
====The New Pharaoh Who Did Not Know Joseph====
As the Israelites multiplied in Egypt, a new pharaoh arose—one “who did not know Joseph.” Fearing that the growing Israelite population might one day turn against Egypt, he enslaved them and forced them into harsh labor, compelling them to build the store cities of Pithom and Rameses.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+1%3A6-11&version=NIV |title=Exodus 1:6–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], the [[book of Acts]] also mentions this ruler, referring to him as “a new king who did not know Joseph.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+7%3A17-18&version=NIV |title=Acts 7:17–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
====Pharaoh at the Time of Moses’ Birth====
[[file:The finding of Moses who is rescued from the Nile by the maidservants of Pharaoh's daughter MET DP832047.jpg|thumb|199x199px|Pharaoh’s Daughter Rescues Moses]]
When the Israelite population continued to grow despite their enslavement, the pharaoh issued a cruel decree that all newborn Hebrew boys be put to death.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+1%3A12-22&version=NIV |title=Exodus 1:12–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> To save her child, Jochebed, the mother of [[Moses]], placed him in a papyrus basket and hid it among the reeds along the Nile River. Pharaoh’s daughter discovered the basket, took pity on the infant, and adopted him as her own son. This pharaoh is also mentioned in the New Testament book of [[Book of Hebrews|Hebrews]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+9%3A16&version=NIV |title=Exodus 9:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Moses was raised in the royal palace. When he saw an Israelite being beaten by an Egyptian taskmaster, he killed the Egyptian in anger. When the pharaoh learned of this, he sought to have Moses executed, but Moses fled to Midian to escape. Years later, the pharaoh who had sought Moses’ life died, and a new pharaoh ascended the throne.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2002&version=NIV Exodus 2장]</ref>
====Pharaoh During the Exodus====
[[file:Foster Bible Pictures 0060-2 Aaron's Rod Changed into a Serpent.jpg|thumb|199x199px|Moses and Aaron ask Pharaoh to let the Israelites go.]]
Following [[God]]’s command, Moses returned to Egypt and stood before the new pharaoh, demanding that he release the Israelites from bondage. When the pharaoh stubbornly refused, God sent ten plagues upon Egypt. Each time a plague struck, Pharaoh relented and promised to let the Israelites go, but once the plague was lifted, he hardened his heart and broke his promise. Only after the tenth and final plague—the death of every [[firstborn]] in Egypt—did Pharaoh, stricken by the loss of his own son, finally permit the Israelites to leave. Yet even then, he soon changed his mind once more, pursuing them with his army as they [[The Exodus|fled]]. At the [[Red Sea]], God miraculously parted the waters for the Israelites to cross on dry ground, then closed them over the Egyptian army, drowning the pharaoh’s chariots and soldiers.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2014&version=NIV Exodus 14장]</ref> This pharaoh is mentioned in the New Testament ([[Book of Romans|Romans]] 9), which quotes [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] 9, emphasizing God’s purpose in raising the pharaoh up to demonstrate His power and proclaim His name throughout the earth.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+9%3A17&version=NIV |title=Romans 9:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

If the Exodus is dated to the 15th century BC, the pharaohs who reigned during Israel’s captivity and the Exodus are generally identified as rulers of Egypt’s 18th Dynasty, during the early New Kingdom period (16th–15th centuries BC).

====Bithia’s Father, Pharaoh====
In [[Book of 1 Chronicles|1 Chronicles]], Bithia, the daughter of Pharaoh,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Chronicles+4%3A18&version=NIV |title=1 Chronicles 4:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> is mentioned as the wife of Mered from the tribe of Judah. Her name, Bithia, means “daughter of the [[Jehovah|LORD]].”<ref>[https://nameberry.com/b/girl-baby-name-bithiah Bithiah], ''Nameberry''</ref> However, since the Bible provides no further details about Bithia or Mered, scholars conclude that it is impossible to determine which pharaoh was her father.<ref>[https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12086-pharaoh Pharaoh,] ''Jewish Encyclopedia''</ref>

===The United Kingdom of Israel===

====Pharaoh Welcomes Hadad====
{{quote5 |내용= Earlier when David was fighting with Edom, Joab the commander of the army . . . had struck down all the men in Edom . . . But Hadad, still only a boy . . . they went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house and land and provided him with food. Pharaoh was so pleased with Hadad that he gave him a sister of his own wife, Queen Tahpenes, in marriage . . . While he was in Egypt, Hadad heard that David rested with his fathers and that Joab the commander of the army was also dead. Then Hadad said to Pharaoh, “Let me go, that I may return to my own country.” “What have you lacked here that you want to go back to your own country?” Pharaoh asked. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+11%3A15-22&version=NIV 1 Kings 11:15–22]}}

When King [[David]] sent his army commander Joab to wage war against [https://www.britannica.com/place/Edom Edom], all the men of Edom were slain. During this time, Hadad, a young Edomite prince, fled to Egypt for refuge. The pharaoh received him kindly, granting him land and arranging his marriage to the pharaoh’s sister-in-law. This pharaoh is generally believed to have been one of the rulers of Egypt’s 21st Dynasty—possibly Amenemope, Siamun, or Psusennes II.<ref name=":1" />
====Pharaoh, the Father-in-law of Solomon====
{{quote5 |내용= (Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire. He killed its Canaanite inhabitants and then gave it as a wedding gift to his daughter, Solomon's wife.
And Solomon rebuilt Gezer.) He built up Lower Beth Horon. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+9%3A16-17&version=NIV 1 Kings 9:16–17]}}

The pharaoh who invaded Gezer later gave his daughter in marriage to King [[Solomon]], presenting the conquered city of Gezer to her as a dowry. Solomon subsequently rebuilt the city. Throughout the book of [[1 Kings]], Pharaoh’s daughter, Solomon’s wife, is mentioned multiple times, highlighting the political alliance between Egypt and Israel during Solomon’s reign.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A1&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:1], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+7%3A8&version=NIV 1 Kings 7:8], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+9%3A16-24&version=NIV 1 Kings 9:16–24], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+11%3A1-20&version=NIV 1 Kings 11:1–20]</ref>
====Pharaoh Shishak====
Pharaoh Shishak is identified as Shoshenq I, the first king of Egypt’s 22nd Dynasty. In the Bible, he is referred to simply as the “king of Egypt” rather than by the title Pharaoh. His reign coincided with the final years of Solomon’s rule and the early period following the division of the united kingdom of Israel into Judah and Israel.

{{quote5 |내용= Solomon tried to kill Jeroboam, but Jeroboam fled to Egypt, to Shishak the king, and stayed there until Solomon’s death. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+11%3A40&version=NIV 1 Kings 11:40]}}

[[Jeroboam]], one of Solomon’s servants, received a prophecy that the kingdom would be divided because of Solomon’s [[Idol|idolatry]] and that he would become ruler over ten of Israel’s tribes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+11%3A30-33&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 11:30–33|quote= }}</ref> When Solomon heard of this prophecy, he sought to kill Jeroboam. To escape, Jeroboam fled to Egypt, where Shishak was king. After Solomon’s death, Jeroboam returned to Israel and became the first king of the Northern Kingdom of Israel.
[[file:Sisak van Egypte rooft schatten uit de tempel, RP-P-2015-17-119-6.jpg|thumb|259x259px|Pharaoh Shishak plunders the temple in Jerusalem.]]
{{quote5 |내용= Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem in the fifth year of King Rehoboam . . . “This is what the LORD says, ‘You have abandoned me; therefore, I now abandon you to Shishak.’ “. . . When Shishak king of Egypt attacked Jerusalem, he carried off the treasures of the temple of the LORD and the treasures of the royal palace. He took everything, including the gold shields Solomon had made. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+12%3A2-9&version=NIV 2 Chronicles 12:2–9]}}

When [[Rehoboam]], the son of Solomon, fell into idolatry, God allowed Pharaoh Shishak to rise against him. Shishak led a vast army against [[Southern Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], consisting of 1,200 chariots, 60,000 horsemen, and countless mercenaries from Libya, Ethiopia, and other surrounding regions. The prophet Shemaiah proclaimed that this invasion had come upon Judah because they had sinned against God. Shishak captured several fortified cities of Judah and advanced on [[Jerusalem]], where he plundered the treasures of both the [[temple]] of the LORD and the royal palace, taking away the wealth that Solomon had accumulated.
===The Late Northern Kingdom of Israel===
====Pharaoh So====
{{quote5 |내용= Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up to attack Hosea, who had been Shalmaneser’s vassal and had paid him tribute. But the king of Assyria discovered that Hosea was a traitor, for he had sent envoys to So king of Egypt, and he no longer paid tribute to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year. Therefore Shalmaneser seized him and put him in prison. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+17%3A3-4&version=NIV 2 Kings 17:3–4]}}

King Hosea of the [[Northern Kingdom of Israel]], who had been paying tribute to [[Assyria]], rebelled against his overlord and sought military assistance from Pharaoh So of Egypt. In response, King Shalmaneser V of Assyria marched against Israel once more and besieged Samaria for three years. In the ninth year of Hosea’s reign (c. 721 BC), [[Samaria]] fell, marking the collapse of the Northern Kingdom of Israel.

At the end of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, Egypt was in the Third Intermediate Period, during which several dynasties ruled simultaneously in different regions.<ref>The period from around 1069 to 664 BC is characterized by the simultaneous emergence of the 21st, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th dynasties, during which Egypt was fragmented into several minor kingdoms and city-states.</ref> Because no pharaoh is actually known to have borne the name “So,” his exact identity remains uncertain. Some scholars propose that “So” was an abbreviation of Osorkon IV, the last pharaoh of the 22nd Dynasty (reigned c. 730–715 BC), whose rule overlapped with that of King Hosea.<ref>William F. Albright, “Further Synchronisms between Egypt and Asia in the Period 935-685 BC,” ''Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research'', Vol. 44(1), University of Chicago, 1956, pp.23-27</ref> However, more recent research suggests that “So” was not a personal name at all, but rather a reference to Sais, the capital city of Pharaoh Tefnakht of the 24th Dynasty. According to this interpretation, Hosea sought military assistance from Tefnakht in Sais, not from a Pharaoh actually named So.<ref>Mavin Alan Sweeney, ''I & II Kings: A Commentary'', Westminster John Knox Press, 2007, p.393</ref>

====Pharaoh in the Time of Hezekiah====
After Shalmaneser conquered the Northern Kingdom of Israel, Sennacherib, the new king of Assyria, advanced south to attack both Judah and Egypt. During this time, Hezekiah was king of Judah. Though [[Hezekiah]] attempted to appease Sennacherib by giving him all the gold and silver from the temple of the LORD, the Assyrian king refused to withdraw. Instead, Sennacherib sent his commander, Rabshakeh,<ref>Some scholars believe that "Rabshakeh" was not a personal name, but rather a title or official position, referring to the chief officer in charge of the royal wine service in ancient Mesopotamia.</ref> to Jerusalem. Standing along one of the city’s main roads, Rabshakeh mocked and threatened Hezekiah, warning him that reliance on “Pharaoh, king of Egypt”—whom he compared to a “splintered reed of a staff”—would bring only ruin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+18%3A21&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 18:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

At that time, Egypt was ruled by Shabaka of the 25th Dynasty, following the fall of the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Therefore, the pharaoh referred to by Rabshakeh is generally identified as Shabaka.<ref name=":2">[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Shabaka Shabaka], ''Britannica''</ref>

====Pharaoh Tirhakah====
Pharaoh Tirhakah corresponds to Taharqa, a ruler of Egypt’s 25th Dynasty, which had been established by the Nubians. In the Bible, he is referred to as “Tirhakah, king of Cush.” The ancient kingdom of Cush—also known as Nubia—was located in the region of present-day Ethiopia. At the time when Tirhakah fought against Assyria, he had not yet become the pharaoh of Egypt but was still reigning as king of Cush; therefore, the biblical account does not use the title Pharaoh for him.<ref>[https://www.biblicaltraining.org/library/tirhakah Tirhakah], ''BiblicalTraning.org''</ref> Later, after defeating and killing Pharaoh Shabaka, Tirhakah ascended to the Egyptian throne and ruled as Pharaoh.

{{quote5 |내용= Now Sennacherib received a report that Tirhakah, the Cushite king of Egypt, was marching out to fight against him. So he again sent messengers to Hezekiah with this word: “Say to Hezekiah king of Judah: Do not let the god you depend on deceive you when he says, ‘Jerusalem will not be handed over to the king of Assyria.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+19%3A9-10&version=NIV 2 Kings 19:9–10]}}

When King Hezekiah sought military assistance from the pharaoh—believed to have been Shabaka—the pharaoh dispatched his brother Tirhakah to lead an army toward Judah. Upon hearing of this, Sennacherib, king of Assyria, hastened to capture Jerusalem before the Egyptian forces could arrive. He once again sent his commander Rabshakeh to intimidate and threaten Hezekiah. However, God intervened, sending an angel, who struck down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers in a single night. Overwhelmed by the loss, Sennacherib was forced to abandon his campaign, returning to his capital city of Nineveh, unable to conquer Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+19%3A35-36&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 19:35–36 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
===The Late Period of South Judah===
====Pharaoh Necho====
Pharaoh Necho refers to Necho II, the second king of Egypt’s 26th Dynasty (reigned c. 609–594 BC). He ascended the throne around 609 BC, three years after the fall of [[Nineveh]], the Assyrian capital. Seeking to assert Egyptian dominance over the Euphrates region before the rising power of [[Babylon]]—under King Nabopolassar and Crown Prince [[Nebuchadnezzar]]—became too strong, Necho launched a series of military campaigns shortly after taking the throne. During these campaigns, he captured the Philistine cities of Gaza and Ashkelon, bringing much of Palestine under Egyptian control.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+47%3A1-5&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 47:1–5|publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
[[file:Francesco Conti - Death of King Josiah.jpg|thumb|225x225px|King Josiah killed at the Battle of Megiddo]]
{{quote5 |내용=Neco king of Egypt went up to fight at Carchemish on the Euphrates, and Josiah marched out to meet him in battle. But Neco sent messengers to him, saying, “. . . It is not you I am attacking at this time, but the house with which I am at war. . . .” Josiah, however, would not turn away from him . . . but went to fight him on the plain of Megiddo . . . he died. He was buried in the tombs of his fathers. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+35%3A20-24&version=NIV 2 Chronicles 35:20–24]}}

After his campaign against the Philistines, Pharaoh Necho marched north with the goal of capturing Harran, one of Assyria’s remaining key strongholds. At that time, King [[Josiah]] of Judah attempted to block the Egyptian advance at Megiddo, but he was killed in battle. Following his victory at Megiddo, Necho captured Jehoahaz, Josiah’s successor, and imprisoned him at Riblah, a village in present-day Syria near the Lebanese border. He then imposed a heavy tribute on Judah and appointed Jehoiakim, another of Josiah’s sons, as king in Jehoahaz’s place. Continuing his northern campaign, Necho, allied with the remaining Assyrian forces, attempted to retake Harran but was unsuccessful. He subsequently stationed his army at [https://www.britannica.com/place/Carchemish Carchemish], a strategic city on the middle Euphrates River, from where he exercised control over the territories west of the Euphrates—lands formerly belonging to the Assyrian Empire—and received tribute from Jehoiakim of Judah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+23%3A33-35&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 23:33–35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
[[file:The Battle of Carchemish.png|thumb|224x224px|The Battle of Carchemish]]
{{quote5 |내용= This is the message against the army of Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt, which was defeated at Carchemish on the Euphrates River by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the fourth year of Jehoiakim . . . about the coming of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon to attack Egypt . . . “I am about to bring punishment on . . . Pharaoh . . . and on those who rely on Pharaoh. I will hand them over to those who seek their lives, to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and his officers. Later, however, Egypt will be inhabited as in times past,” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+46%3A2-26&version=NIV Jeremiah 46:2–26]}}

Around 605 BC, the Babylonian army led by Nebuchadnezzar confronted the Egyptian forces of Pharaoh Necho II in the Battle of Carchemish. Necho’s army suffered a decisive defeat, and when he later attempted to regroup and fight again at Hamath, he was defeated once more. These losses marked the end of Egypt’s dominance in the Palestine region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+24%3A7&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 24:7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
====Pharaoh Hophra====
Pharaoh Hophra—known historically as Wahibre (Apries)—was the fourth king of Egypt’s 26th Dynasty (reigned 589–570 BC). Even before his reign, Egypt had been encouraging and supporting the nations of the Palestine region, including Judah, to rebel against Babylonian rule.<ref>[https://signoftherose.org/2024/09/04/egypts-role-in-the-geopolitics-of-israel-judah-during-the-time-of-the-assyrian-and-babylonian-empires/ Egypt’s Role in the Geopolitics of Israel/Judah During the Time of the Assyrian and Babylonian Empires], ''Sign of the Rose''</ref> Trusting in Egypt’s promise of assistance, King Zedekiah of Judah rebelled against Babylon and appealed to Pharaoh Hophra for military support.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+24%3A20&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 24:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+17%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=Ezekiel 17:15–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=Pharaoh’s army had marched out of Egypt, and when the Babylonians who were besieging Jerusalem heard the report about them, they withdrew from Jerusalem. Then the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah the prophet: “. . . Tell the king of Judah . . . ‘Pharaoh’s army, which has marched out to support you, will go back to its own land, to Egypt. Then the Babylonians will return and attack this city; they will capture it and burn it down.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+37%3A5-8&version=NIV Jeremiah 37:5–8]}}

At that time, Hophra had ascended the throne of Egypt. When Babylon laid siege to Jerusalem, Pharaoh Hophra sent his army to intervene, causing the Babylonians to temporarily lift the siege. However, just as the prophet [[Jeremiah (Prophet)|Jeremiah]] had foretold, once the Egyptian forces withdrew, the Babylonian army returned, besieged the city again, and ultimately captured Jerusalem around 586 BC.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+39%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 39:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After the fall of Judah, Pharaoh Hophra allowed Judean refugees to settle in Egypt. During this period, Johanan and his companions disobeyed God’s command not to flee to Egypt.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+42%3A7-22&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 42:7–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> They took with them not only the prophet Jeremiah but also the remaining Jews who had planned to stay in Judah, and brought them to Tahpanhes (an Egyptian border city), where they settled.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+43%3A4-11&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 43:4–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= “This is what the LORD says: ‘I am going to hand Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt over to his enemies who seek his life, just as I handed Zedekiah king of Judah over to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the enemy who was seeking his life.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+44%3A30&version=NIV Jeremiah 44:30]}}

The Bible contains a prophecy that, just as King Zedekiah of Judah was handed over to his enemies by Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, so too would Pharaoh Hophra be delivered into the hands of his foes. In the later years of his reign, Hophra led a military campaign to support Libya, but he was defeated. After suffering a series of setbacks in wars intended to aid Egypt’s allies, discontent grew among his own troops. The Egyptian army, rallying under General Amasis, rebelled against him. Defeated in the ensuing civil war, Hophra fled into exile in a foreign land. Later, with Babylonian support, he attempted to return to Egypt, but he clashed with Amasis’s forces and was ultimately killed in battle around 570 BC.<ref>[https://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2022/02/04/hophra-an-archaeological-biography/ Hophra: An Archaeological Biography], ''Bible Archaeology Report''</ref>

==See also==
*[[Joseph (Son of Jacob)]]
*[[The Exodus]]
*[[Northern Kingdom of Israel]]
*[[Southern Kingdom of Judah]]
*[[Babylon]]
*[[Assyria]]

==External links==
*Ian Shaw, ''The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt'', Oxford University Press, 2003
*Emil G. Hirsch et al., [https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12086-pharaoh “Pharaoh,”] ''Jewish Encyclopedia''

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

The Reason Christians Call God “Father”

2025-12-10T02:52:59Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:하나님을 아버지라 부르는 이유]][[Christian|Christians]] today call '''God “Father” because''' the [[Bible]] teaches that [[God]] is our Father. In the Old Testament era, the people of Israel recognized God primarily as the [[The Creator|Creator]] and the Almighty. In the Scriptures, He was most often referred to as the LORD (Yahweh). However, there are also a few instances in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] where God is described as a Father. Two thousand years ago, Jesus Christ, who came as the Savior, taught people to address God as “our Father in heaven.”

The term ''father'' is usually used within a family, referring to the one who gives life to his children. Therefore, calling God “Father” is not merely an expression of affection—it signifies the profound relationship between God and His people.

==Titles for God==
===The Almighty, the Most High===
[[File:Blake ancient of days.jpg|thumb|200px|''The Ancient of Days'', ''William Blake,'' 1794]]
[[File:MountSinai1723.jpg|thumb|Illustration from the Works of Flavius Josephus, 1732, God Descending Upon Mount Sinai]]
God is the omnipotent and sovereign Being who created the heavens and the earth by His word,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%201%3A1-31&version=NIV|title=Genesis 1:1-31|quote= }}</ref> parted the sea,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2014%3A21&version=NIV|title=Exodus 14:21|quote= }}</ref> and holds the authority to judge the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel%202%3A10&version=NIV|title=1 Samuel 2:10|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Job%2042%3A2&version=NIV|title=Job 42:2|quote= }}</ref> On Mount Sinai, He descended in majestic glory—with fire, thick clouds, the trembling of the mountain, and the sound of a mighty trumpet—so that the people were filled with awe and dared not come near.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2019%3A18-19&version=NIV|title=Exodus 19:18-19|quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= When the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet and saw the mountain in smoke, they trembled with fear. They stayed at a distance and said to Moses, “Speak to us yourself and we will listen. But do not have God speak to us or we will die.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+20%3A18-19&version=NIV Exodus 20:18–19] }}

As the Creator of the world and the One who governs nature by His will, God was regarded with awe and reverent fear by the people of Israel during the Old Testament era. In Scripture, He is called the Almighty, God Almighty, and the Most High.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2028%3A3%20&version=NIV|title=Genesis 28:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+10%3A5&version=NIV |title=Ezekiel 10:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+91%3A1&version=NIV |title=Psalms 91:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===The Lord (Master)===
The Almighty God was acknowledged as the divine Being to whom all creation must submit. Accordingly, in the Old Testament, the relationship between God and the people of Israel is often depicted as that of a Master and His servants.

{{quote5 |내용= “They are '''your servants''' and your people, whom you redeemed by your great strength and your mighty hand.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Nehemiah+1%3A10&version=NIV Nehemiah 1:10] }}{{quote5 |내용= “We have not listened to '''your servants''' the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes and our fathers, and to all the people of the land.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+9%3A6&version=NIV Daniel 9:6] }}
===King===
Before a human monarchy was established, Israel was a nation directly governed by God.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2019%3A5-6&version=NIV|title=Exodus 19:5-6|quote= }}</ref> Even after a king was appointed, the people of Israel continued to regard themselves as a nation under God’s rule, believing that they must remain obedient to Him. This understanding is reflected in numerous verses that describe God as the supreme authority and sovereign King.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+103%3A19&version=NIV |title=Psalms 103:19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용=For the LORD is our judge, the LORD is our lawgiver, the '''LORD is our king'''; it is he who will save us. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+33%3A22&version=NIV Isaiah 33:22] }}

===Father===
[[File:Harold Copping - The sermon on the mount - (MeisterDrucke-52362).jpg|thumb|Illustration from ''The Copping Bible Pictures: Scripture Pictures:'' Jesus taught that God is our Father.]]
Although there are a few passages in the Old Testament where God is referred to as “Father,”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2063%3A16&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 63:16|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah%2064%3A8&version=NIV|title=Isaiah 64:8|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms%2089%3A26&version=NIV|title=Psalms 89:26|quote= }}</ref> it is in the [[The New Testament|New Testament]]—particularly in [[The Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] chapters 5 through 7—that this title becomes prominent. In the Sermon on the Mount, [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] referred to God as “our Father in heaven” more than ten times, emphasizing the intimate and personal relationship between God and His people.

{{quote5 |내용=“This, then, is how you should pray: ‘'''Our Father in heaven''' . . .’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A9&version=NIV Matthew 6:9] }}

Throughout the Four Gospels, there are numerous instances where Jesus teaches His followers to address God as “Father.”

*“And do not call anyone on earth ‘father,’ for you have one '''Father''', and '''he is in heaven'''.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2023&version=NIV Matthew 23:9])
*“I praise you, '''Father''', Lord of heaven and earth.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2010&version=NIV Luke 10:21])
*“How much more will your '''Father''' in heaven give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2011&version=NIV Luke 11:13])
*“Yet a time is coming and has now come when the true worshipers will worship the '''Father''' in spirit and truth, for they are the kind of worshipers the '''Father''' seeks.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2004&version=NIV John 4:23])
*Jesus replied, “If I glorify myself, my glory means nothing. My '''Father''', whom you claim as your '''God''', is the one who glorifies me.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2008&version=NIV John 8:54])
*“I will remain in the world no longer, but they are still in the world, and I am coming to you. '''Holy Father''', protect them by the power of your name--the name you gave me--so that they may be one as we are one.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2017&version=NIV John 17:11])
*Jesus said, “Do not hold on to me, for I have not yet returned to the Father. Go instead to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am returning to '''my Father and your Father, to my God and your God'''.’ ” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2020&version=NIV John 20:17])

We can also find instances in the New Testament where believers in the early Church called God “Father,” following the teachings of Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%208%3A15&version=NIV|title=Romans 8:15|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians%201%3A3&version=NIV|title=2 Corinthians 1:3|quote= }}</ref>
{{quote5 |내용=Moreover, we have all had human fathers who disciplined us and we respected them for it. How much more should we submit to the '''Father of our spirits''' and live! |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+12%3A9&version=NIV Hebrews 12:9] }}

==The Meaning of the Title ''Father''==
[[file:가족 구성원_en.jpg | thumb |350px | A family consisting of a father, a mother, and their children ]]
===Existence of Children===
<small>{{참고|Heavenly Family|l1=|설명=}}</small>
The word father refers to a man who has children. We call God “Father” because He has children. The children of God—His sons and daughters—are those who believe in Him and have faith.
{{quote5 |내용= “I will be a '''Father''' to you, and you will be my '''sons and daughters''', says the Lord Almighty.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+6%3A17-18&version=NIV 2 Corinthians 6:17–18] }}
===The Existence of the Mother===
In the general concept of a family, if there are children, it is only natural that there must also be both a father and a mother who gave birth to them. Without a mother, children cannot be born, and even the concept of a father would not exist. The title ''father'' inherently presupposes the existence of children as well as the mother who gave them life. Therefore, the reason we call God “Father” implies not only the presence of God’s children but also the existence of [[God the Mother]].
{{quote5 |내용=But the Jerusalem that is '''above''' is free, and she is '''our mother'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV Galatians 4:26] }}

The word “above” refers to heaven, and “our” refers to the believers who are to receive salvation. Just as there is a Heavenly Father for the believers, there also exists a Heavenly Mother.

===The Relationship Between God and the Saints===
The reason we call God Father is that believers are His children. In the Old Testament era, the relationship between God and His people was often described in hierarchical terms—such as [[The Creator|Creator]] and creation, Master and servant, or King and subjects. However, in the New Testament, Jesus referred to God as the Heavenly Father and taught that He is the spiritual Parent who nurtures the [[Soul|souls]] of humankind. In other words, the relationship between God and His people is that of a parent and child, united in love.
{{quote5 |내용=How great is the love the Father has lavished on us, that we should be called children of God! . . . Dear friends, now we are children of God.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John+3%3A1-2&version=NIV 1 John 3:1–2] }}

==See also==
*[[God the Father]]
* [[God the Mother]]
*[[Son of God]]
*[[Heavenly Family]]

==External links==
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
*[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

==Related videos==
*'''Sermon: God Is Our Father & Mother'''
<youtube>25mqXynUU3I</youtube>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:God the Father]]

Book of Acts

2025-12-09T03:58:27Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:사도행전]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Acts
|Abbreviation=Ac
|Class.=New Testament
|Category=Historical Book
|Writer=Luke
|Date (Approx.)=c. 61–63 BC
|Location=Rome
|Chapters=28 Chapters
}}
'''Acts''' is the fifth book of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]]. While the Gospels focus on the life and ministry of Jesus, the book of Acts records the works of the apostles. It details the three missionary journeys of Apostle Paul and describes how the apostles, empowered by the Holy Spirit at [[Pentecost]], began preaching the gospel—starting in [[Jerusalem]], extending to all Judea and Samaria, and ultimately reaching the heart of the Gentile world: Rome.

==Writer of Acts==
Luke—whose name means “to shine”—was a faithful companion of Apostle Paul,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+16%3A17&version=NIV |title=Acts 16:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> traveling with him on his missionary journeys and serving as a physician.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+4%3A14&version=NIV |title=Colossians 4:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He earnestly longed for the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]] and lived a life of devotion as a preacher of the gospel. Even when [[The Persecution of Christians in Rome|persecution against Christians]] intensified in Rome, Luke remained by Paul’s side until the very end.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+4%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 4:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In addition to the book of Acts, he also wrote the [[Gospel of Luke]], one of the four Gospels.

==Historical Background==
The book of Acts was written during the period when the Roman Empire ruled the regions surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. Believers of the early Church were scattered across various lands due to persecution by Judaism, yet this dispersion became a means of spreading the [[gospel]]—from Jerusalem to the Gentile regions, and ultimately to Rome. Although Christianity encountered misunderstanding, slander, and persecution throughout the Roman Empire, the work of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] empowered the gospel of Christ to spread rapidly and reach the ends of the earth.

==Characteristics of the Acts of the Apostles==
Acts is the only historical book in the New Testament, unfolding across a wide geographical setting that includes Jerusalem, [https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/asia-minor/ Asia Minor], Greece, and Rome. It serves as a bridge between the Gospels and the Epistles, documenting the period from [[The Ascension of Jesus|Jesus’ ascension]] to the apostles’ Spirit-led missionary work among the Gentiles. The book is highly valued for its detailed record of the formation and growth of the early Church, offering invaluable insight into the history of early Christianity.

The latter portion of Acts is written in the first person, suggesting that the author, Luke, was personally present during those events and served as an eyewitness to what he recorded.

==Key Figures==
'''Peter'''<br>Peter was one of Jesus’ twelve disciples.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=2 Peter 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Originally a fisherman, he became an apostle after being called by Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+4%3A18-20&version=NIV |title=Matthew 4:18–20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> His original name was Simon, but Jesus gave him the name Peter—from the Greek word meaning “rock,” translated from the Aramaic Cephas.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+3%3A16&version=NIV |title=Mark 3:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A42&version=NIV |title=John 1:42 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After His resurrection, Jesus instructed Peter to feed and take care of His sheep—that is, the [[Church]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=John 21:15–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

After [[The Ascension of Jesus|Jesus’ ascension]], Peter devoted himself wholeheartedly to ministry and the preaching of the gospel, just as Jesus had instructed. On the Day of [[Pentecost]], he received the Holy Spirit and led many people to the truth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A14-41&version=NIV |title=Acts 2:14–41 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He boldly proclaimed [[Jesus Christ]] even before the religious leaders.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A1-22&version=NIV |title=Acts 4:1–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> His act of preaching the gospel and [[Baptism|baptizing]] [[Cornelius]], a Roman centurion in Caesarea, marked a turning point in the early Church—it confirmed that the gospel was not only for the Jews but also for the Gentiles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+10%3A1-48&version=NIV |title=Acts 10:1–48 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Peter continued to travel through various regions to spread the gospel. Eventually, he was arrested by King [[Herod]] (Herod Agrippa I) and imprisoned. While awaiting execution after the [[Passover]], he was miraculously freed from prison by an angel of the Lord.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+12%3A1-19&version=NIV |title=Acts 12:1–19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

'''Paul'''<br>Paul is the central figure of the book of Acts. He was once a devout Jew who took the lead in persecuting Jesus and the early Christians.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+26%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Acts 26:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+1%3A13-14&version=NIV |title=Galatians 1:13–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+15%3A9&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 15:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> However, on the road to Damascus, he heard the voice of Jesus and experienced a dramatic conversion. From that moment, he became a fervent preacher of the gospel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+26%3A12-18&version=NIV |title=Acts 26:12–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A18&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Despite enduring countless hardships and persecutions, he devoted himself with unwavering zeal to proclaiming Jesus Christ and spreading the gospel to the Gentiles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+2%3A8-9&version=NIV |title=Galatians 2:8–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

“Paul” is his Roman name, while his Jewish name was “Saul.” After he began his ministry to the Gentiles in earnest, he was consistently referred to as Paul. The name “Saul” is generally used only when referring to his life prior to his conversion.<small>{{참고|Paul|설명=}}</small>

'''Barnabas'''<br>Barnabas’s original name was Joseph, but the apostles gave him the name Barnabas, meaning “son of encouragement.” He was a Levite, born on the island of Cyprus, and later became a [[Christian]] while living in Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A36-37&version=NIV |title=Acts 4:36–37 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Barnabas played a vital role in helping the church leaders and believers accept the converted Paul as a fellow brother in Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A26-27&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:26–27 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Together with Paul, he taught the believers in the church at Antioch and later embarked on their first missionary journey.
<small>{{참고|Barnabas|설명=}}</small>

'''Silas'''<br>Silas was one of the leaders of the church in Jerusalem and was also a Roman citizen.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+16%3A19-37&version=NIV |title=Acts 16:19–37 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> During the Jerusalem Council, he was sent with Paul and Barnabas to deliver the council’s decision to the church in Antioch. He later accompanied Paul on his second missionary journey. In Paul’s letters, Silas is sometimes referred to by his Roman name, Silvanus. It is also believed that when Peter was imprisoned, Silas served as his scribe, assisting in the writing of [[Book of 1 Peter|1 Peter]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+5%3A12&version=NIV |title=1 Peter 5:12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

'''Timothy'''<br>Timothy was from Lystra. Although his father was Greek, he was raised in the [[Bible|Scriptures]] from childhood by his Jewish grandmother Lois and his mother Eunice. He grew into a young man who was highly respected by the believers. He joined Paul during his second missionary journey<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+1%3A5&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 1:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+16%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Acts 16:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and became one of Paul’s most trusted companions. Later, he served as a pastoral leader of the church in Ephesus.

==Structure of the Book of Acts==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|Chapter(s)||Content||Main Settings
|- style="background: white"
|1||Jesus’ Ascension and the Selection of a New Apostle
| rowspan="8" |Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria
|- style="background: white"
|2-3||The Work of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost
|- style="background: white"
|4-5||The Persecuted Apostles
|- style="background: white"
|6-7||The Martyrdom of Stephen
|- style="background: white"
|8||Gospel Spreading to Various Regions
|- style="background: white"
|9||The Conversion of Apostle Paul
|- style="background: white"
|10-11||Peter’s Missionary Work Among the Gentiles
|- style="background: white"
|12||The Martyrdom of James and the Imprisonment of Peter
|- style="background: white"
|13-14||Paul’s First Missionary Journey
| rowspan="7" |Gentile Nations and Cities
|- style="background: white"
|15-18||Paul’s Second Missionary Journey
|- style="background: white"
|19-20||Paul’s Third Missionary Journey
|- style="background: white"
|21-23||Paul’s Arrest in Jerusalem
|- style="background: white"
|24||Paul’s Defense Before Governor Felix
|- style="background: white"
|25-26||Paul’s Defense Before Governor Festus and King Agrippa of Judea
|- style="background: white"
|27-28||Paul Sent to Rome as a Prisoner
|}

===Mission Work in the Region of Israel ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%201-12&version=NIV Chapters 1–12])===
*'''The Ascension of Jesus (1:3–14)'''<br>
: After His [[Cross|crucifixion]] and [[resurrection]] on the third day,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+16%3A9&version=NIV |title=Mark 16:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Jesus appeared to His disciples over a period of forty days, teaching them about the kingdom of God. Then He [[Ascension|ascended]] into heaven from the Mount of Olives. Before His ascension, Jesus promised His disciples that when the Holy Spirit came upon them, they would receive power and become His witnesses in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth. Afterward, the disciples gathered together in unity and devoted themselves to prayer as they awaited the coming of the Holy Spirit.

*'''Matthias Chosen as an Apostle to Replace Judas''' (1:15–26)<br>
:[[Judas Iscariot]], one of Jesus’ twelve disciples, took his own life out of remorse after betraying Jesus to the chief [[Priest|priests]]. To fill the vacant position among the apostles, two men were nominated—Joseph (called Barsabbas) and Matthias. After praying for God’s guidance, the disciples cast lots, and Matthias was chosen to take Judas’ place as one of the twelve apostles.

*'''The Work of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost''' (Chapters 2–3)<br>
:On the day of Pentecost, the apostles received the Holy Spirit and began to speak in various languages, testifying about Jesus Christ. At that time, Jews from many nations had gathered in Jerusalem, and each of them heard the gospel in their own language. Empowered by the Holy Spirit, the apostles preached with great boldness, and about 3,000 people were baptized in a single day. From that moment on, the number of believers continued to grow daily as more people were saved.

*'''Persecuted Apostles and the Martyrdom of Stephen (Chapters 4–7)'''<br>
:The religious leaders of Judaism arrested the apostles, imprisoned them, and brought them before the [[Sanhedrin]] to interrogate and warn them not to preach the gospel. However, the apostles were unafraid. Empowered by the Holy Spirit, they boldly testified about Jesus Christ. Even after being imprisoned and released, they continued to preach the gospel tirelessly, undeterred by persecution.<br>
:As the number of believers increased rapidly, the apostles appointed seven deacons—men full of the Holy Spirit and wisdom—to oversee the ministry of charity and service. Among them was [[Stephen]], who was falsely accused of blaspheming [[God]] and brought before the Sanhedrin. When Stephen recounted Israel’s history of rejecting the prophets and exposed the sins of the people, they became enraged and stoned him to death.

*'''The Spreading of the Gospel Throughout the Land (Chapter 8)'''<br>
:From the day Stephen was martyred, the Church of God in Jerusalem faced severe persecution. Only the apostles remained in the city, while the other believers were scattered throughout Judea and Samaria, preaching the gospel wherever they went. Philip went down to Samaria and proclaimed [[Christ]] there. Many people listened to his message and believed, so Peter and John also traveled from Jerusalem to Samaria and laid their hands on the new believers. On their way back to Jerusalem, they continued preaching the Word in many Samaritan villages. In this way, the gospel was spread even to Samaria—a region traditionally avoided by the Jews.
:Later, Philip was led by an [[angel]] to meet a court official of Queen Candace of Ethiopia, who was in charge of her entire treasury. The eunuch was reading from the [[Isaiah|book of Isaiah]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A7-8&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:7–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and when Philip explained its meaning and testified about Christ, the man understood and immediately received [[baptism]]. Afterward, Philip continued preaching the gospel in all the towns from Azotus until he came to Caesarea.

*'''The Conversion of Saul (9:1–31)'''<br>
:Saul, who had been a fierce persecutor of Jesus and the early Church,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+8%3A3&version=NIV |title=Acts 8:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> was traveling to [https://biblehub.com/topical/d/damascus.htm Damascus] when a bright light from heaven suddenly surrounded him. He heard the voice of Jesus saying, “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” From that moment, Saul was struck blind and went without food or drink for three days while staying in Damascus. Meanwhile, Ananias received a vision from the Lord instructing him to go to Saul. When Ananias laid his hands on him, Saul’s sight was restored and he was baptized. Soon after, he began to preach in Damascus, proclaiming that Jesus is the Christ, to the astonishment of all who heard him. As persecution from the Jews intensified, Saul escaped to Jerusalem, where he continued to boldly preach the gospel. When his life was again in danger, he fled to his hometown of Tarsus (Tarsos).

*'''Peter’s Mission to the Gentiles (Chapters 10–11)'''<br>
:In Caesarea, there was a man named Cornelius, a Roman centurion who feared God. One day, he received a message from an angel instructing him to send for Peter, who was staying in Joppa. The next day, Peter had a vision in which a large sheet filled with all kinds of animals was lowered from heaven. A voice said, “Peter, get up, kill and eat.” When Peter replied that he had never eaten anything unclean, the voice answered, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.” While Peter was reflecting on the meaning of the vision, the men sent by Cornelius arrived. Peter went with them to Cornelius’s house, where he met Cornelius along with his relatives and friends. Then Peter understood that the vision signified that salvation was now being extended to the Gentiles as well as to the Jews. He preached the gospel to them, and they were baptized in the name of Jesus Christ. This event marked the beginning of the Gentile mission. As more Greek-speaking Gentiles came to believe in Christ, the church in Jerusalem sent [[Barnabas]] to Antioch in Syria to help guide and strengthen the new believers.

*'''The Martyrdom of James and the Imprisonment of Peter''' (Chapter 12)<br>
:King [[Herod]] (Herod Agrippa I) executed James, the brother of John. When he saw that this pleased the Jews, he also had Peter arrested, intending to have him executed after the [[Passover]]. On the night before his scheduled execution, an [[angel]] of the Lord appeared and helped Peter escape from prison. Despite a thorough search, Herod’s soldiers could not find him, and Herod ordered the execution of the guards who had been watching over him. Later, an angel of God struck Herod, and he was eaten by worms and died.

===Missionary Work in Gentile Regions ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%2013-28&version=NIV Chapters 13–28])===
====Paul’s Missionary Journeys====
[[file:Paul the Apostle, first missionary journey.svg |thumb| 300px |Paul’s First Missionary Journey – Route Overview]]
*'''First Missionary Journey''' (Acts 13–14)<br>
:Paul (also called Saul) and Barnabas, who were leaders of the church in Antioch, were commissioned by the Holy Spirit and sent out to preach the gospel. They began their mission in Salamis, on the island of Cyprus. From there, they traveled through Paphos and Perga to Pisidian Antioch, where they proclaimed the message of Jesus Christ. However, after facing opposition and being driven out, they moved on to Iconium. Although they fled persecution and escaped to the nearby city of Lystra, Jews from Pisidian Antioch and Iconium followed them and stirred up the crowd, resulting in Paul being stoned. After continuing to preach the gospel there, Paul and Barnabas revisited the churches they had established, strengthening the faith of the believers and appointing elders in each congregation. They then preached in Perga before finally returning to Antioch.

[[file:Paul the Apostle, second missionary journey.svg |thumb| 300px |Paul’s Second Missionary Journey – Route Overview]]
*'''Second Missionary Journey''' (15:36–18:22)<br>
:Barnabas took Mark and set sail for the island of Cyprus, while Paul chose Silas and set out for Lystra. In Lystra, a young disciple named Timothy joined them on their missionary journey. After visiting and strengthening several churches, Paul and his companions traveled through Troas and Neapolis, eventually arriving in Philippi, a major city of Macedonia.
:After preaching the gospel in Philippi, Paul traveled to Thessalonica. When persecution from the Jews arose, he fled to Berea. However, Jews from Thessalonica followed him there and stirred up the crowds, disrupting his preaching. As a result, Paul departed alone by sea and crossed over to Athens. After proclaiming the gospel in Athens, he went to Corinth, where he stayed with Aquila and Priscilla and continued to preach the message of Christ. From there, Paul traveled to Ephesus, where he also preached the gospel, and then returned to the church in Antioch, passing through Caesarea on his way.

[[file:Paul the Apostle, third missionary journey.svg |thumb| 300px |Paul’s Third Missionary Journey – Route Overview]]
*'''Third Missionary Journey''' (18:23–21:16)<br>
:After returning to Antioch, Paul soon set out again on his third missionary journey. He traveled through the regions of Galatia and Phrygia, revisiting and strengthening the churches he had established during his first and second journeys. When he arrived in Ephesus, he met some believers who had received only [[John the Baptist|John]]’s baptism. Paul explained the gospel to them and baptized them in the name of Jesus Christ.
:Paul then traveled through the churches in the Macedonian region and stayed for a time in Greece. Afterward, he went to Troas, where he reunited with Luke and his fellow workers, and there they celebrated the [[Day of Resurrection|Resurrection Day]]. Continuing his journey through various regions, Paul arrived in Miletus. Because the Feast of Pentecost was approaching, he called for the [[Elder|elders]] of the church in Ephesus to meet him there. When they arrived, Paul spoke to them about his ministry among them and earnestly urged them to shepherd the church of God faithfully. From Miletus, Paul traveled through many cities and eventually arrived in Caesarea, where he stayed at the house of Philip the evangelist. Although many believers pleaded with him not to go to Jerusalem, Paul was resolute, declaring that he was ready not only to be bound but even to die for the name of the Lord. Then he set out for Jerusalem.

====Paul’s Mission to Rome====
*'''Paul's Arrest in Jerusalem''' (21:17–23:35)<br>
:When Paul arrived in Jerusalem, he reported to the elders of the church about all that God had accomplished through his missionary journeys. A few days later, some Jews from Asia (modern-day southwestern Turkey) saw Paul in the temple and began to spread false accusations against him, inciting the crowd. As a riot broke out, the commander of the Roman troops intervened with his soldiers and ordered that Paul be taken into the barracks. With the commander’s permission, Paul addressed the people in his own defense, but his words only further inflamed the crowd. The commander then ordered Paul to be flogged and interrogated. However, when he learned that Paul was a Roman citizen, he became alarmed and immediately halted the proceedings.<br>
:The next day, the Roman commander assembled the Sanhedrin—the Jewish council—to question Paul. Standing before them, Paul declared that he was a [[The Pharisees|Pharisee]] and that he was on trial because of his hope in the resurrection of the dead. This statement immediately caused a sharp dispute between the Pharisees, who believed in the resurrection, and the [[The Sadducees|Sadducees]], who denied it. That night, God appeared to Paul and said, “Take courage. As you have testified about Me in Jerusalem, so you must also testify in Rome.”<br>
:At daybreak, more than forty Jews conspired together and took an oath, vowing not to eat or drink until they had killed Paul. However, Paul’s nephew learned of their plot and went to the barracks to inform him. Paul then asked that his nephew be brought to the Roman commander to report the scheme. Upon hearing the report, the commander immediately arranged for a detachment of soldiers to escort Paul under heavy guard during the night to Caesarea, where the Roman governor Felix was stationed'''.'''

*'''Paul’s Defense Before Governor Felix''' (Chapter 24)<br>
:The high priest Ananias, together with some elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, came down to Caesarea to present their accusations against Paul before Governor Felix. Tertullus began by describing Paul as “a troublemaker, stirring up riots among the Jews all over the world, and a ringleader of the Nazarene [[Heresy|sect]].” In his defense, Paul refuted their charges, stating that the accusations were unfounded and without evidence. He explained that he worshiped the God of his ancestors according to the Way, which they called a “sect,” and affirmed his firm belief in the resurrection of the dead. Wishing to please the Jews, Felix delayed delivering a verdict and adjourned the proceedings. As a result, Paul remained in custody for two years, though unconvicted. The case was reopened only after Felix was succeeded by the new governor, Festus.

* '''Paul’s Defense Before Governor Festus and King Agrippa''' (Chapters 25–26)<br>
:The Jews brought charges against Paul before Governor Festus but were unable to present any clear evidence to support their accusations. Their true intention was to have Paul transferred to Jerusalem so they could ambush and kill him along the way. Wishing to appease the Jews, Festus asked Paul if he was willing to go to Jerusalem to stand trial there. However, Paul invoked his right as a Roman citizen and appealed to have his case heard before Caesar in Rome.
:A few days later, King Agrippa (Herod Agrippa II) visited the newly appointed Governor Festus in Caesarea. When Agrippa expressed interest in hearing from Paul personally, a formal hearing was arranged. During the hearing, Paul defended his innocence and recounted the story of his conversion—from his former life as a devout Jew to his faith in Christ. He explained that if he was guilty of anything, it was for proclaiming the message of salvation and the hope of the resurrection foretold by [[Moses]] and the prophets. At one point, Festus interrupted, declaring that Paul had gone mad. King Agrippa, intrigued, asked whether Paul was trying to persuade him to become a Christian. In the end, Agrippa admitted that Paul had done nothing worthy of death or imprisonment, remarking that he could have been set free if he had not appealed to [[Caesar]].

*'''Paul's Compulsory Transfer to Rome''' (Chapters 27–28)<br>
: Paul was transported to Rome by ship. During a brief stay at Fair Havens, a harbor on the island of Crete, Paul warned that continuing the voyage would be dangerous. However, the centurion chose to trust the ship’s captain instead and set sail. Soon after, a violent storm arose, and the ship drifted helplessly for many days. On the fourteenth night, they neared land. At daybreak, as they tried to reach the shore, the vessel struck a sandbar and was wrecked. Fearing that the prisoners might escape, the Roman soldiers planned to kill them, but the centurion, wishing to spare Paul, ordered everyone to swim or float to shore. All safely reached land on the island of Malta (Melite). When Paul was bitten by a viper and suffered no harm, the locals believed he was a god. Paul then healed many of the island’s sick through prayer and the laying on of hands. In gratitude, the people of Malta honored Paul and his companions with great kindness and hospitality. After spending three months on the island during the winter, they finally set sail again for Rome.
:The believers in Rome came out to welcome Paul as he approached the city. Three days after his arrival, Paul called together the Jewish leaders living in Rome. He explained the circumstances that had led to his imprisonment, emphasizing that he had done nothing against the Law of Moses or the Jewish people, and that he was not in Rome to bring accusations against his own nation before the emperor. The Jewish leaders later gathered at Paul’s lodging, where he spoke with them from morning until evening, using the Scriptures to testify about Jesus Christ. Paul remained under house arrest in Rome for two years, welcoming all who came to see him. During this time, he boldly preached the gospel of the kingdom of God and taught about Christ without hindrance.

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:New Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Jonah

2025-12-09T03:58:10Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:요나]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Jonah
|Abbreviation=Jnh
|Class.=Old Testament
|Category=Book of Prophecy
|Writer=Jonah
|Date (Approx.)=760 BC
|Location=Presumed to be Gath-hepher in The Northern Kingdom of Israel<ref name="Jonah1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Jonah 1:1 |quote= }}</ref><ref name="2 Kings1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+14%3A25&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 14:25 |quote= }}</ref>
|Chapters=4 Chapters
}}
The title “'''Jonah'''” comes from the name of the prophet Jonah, who is both the writer and the central figure of the book. It records how the people of [[Nineveh]], the capital of Assyria, heard Jonah’s message and repented. Jonah was a prophet who lived and worked in the 8th century [[BC and AD|BC]], during the reign of Jeroboam II, king of the [[Northern Kingdom of Israel]].<ref name="2 Kings1" /> In obedience to God’s command, he proclaimed God’s judgment in the city of Nineveh, where idolatry and wickedness were rampant.

==Writer==
The writer of this book, Jonah, was the son of Amittai and lived in [https://biblehub.com/topical/g/gath-hepher.htm Gath-hepher]. He served as a prophet during the reign of Jeroboam II in the Northern Kingdom of Israel (8th century BC). Just as Jonah had prophesied, Israel regained part of the territory that had once belonged to the kingdoms of [[David]] and [[Solomon]], ushering in a period of economic revival and prosperity.<ref name="Jonah1" /><ref name="2 Kings1" />

==Characteristics==
The Book of Jonah includes the following notable elements:
*Jonah spent three days inside the belly of a great fish. Because of this, some scholars regard the book of Jonah in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] as a didactic fable or allegory. However, [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] referred to Jonah’s experience when answering the Jews who demanded a sign,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+12%3A39-40&version=NIV |title=Matthew 12:39–40 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A29-32&version=NIV |title=Luke 11:29–32 |quote= }}</ref> affirming that Jonah’s story was not merely symbolic but possessed the same divine authority as the other Old Testament Scriptures He cited.
*While most Old Testament books focus on the history of the people of Israel, the book of Jonah is unique in that it records how God extended His salvation to a Gentile nation—Assyria—after they repented.

==Structure of the Book of Jonah==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 720px;"
|-style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|Section || Chapter|| Content || Main Setting
|-style="background: white"
|rowspan="2" | Jonah’s Conversion || [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah%2001&version=NIV 1] ||Jonah Flees From God and Sets Out for Tarshish
|On a ship
|-style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah%2002&version=NIV 2] ||Jonah’s Repentance
|Inside the belly of a fish
|-style="background: white"
|rowspan="2" | Repentance of the People of Nineveh || [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah%2003&version=NIV 3] ||Jonah’s Preaching and the Repentance of 120,000 People in Nineveh
|City of Nineveh
|-style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah%2004&version=NIV 4] ||Jonah’s Complaint
|A hill east of Nineveh
|}

===Jonah Flees From God and Sets Out for Tarshish (Chapter 1)===
[[God]] commanded Jonah to go to the great city of Nineveh and proclaim that their wickedness had come up before Him. However, Jonah tried to flee from God. He went down to Joppa and boarded a ship bound for [https://biblehub.com/topical/t/tarshish.htm Tarshish], which lay in the opposite direction—westward, far from Nineveh in the northeast. While Jonah was asleep, a violent storm arose, and the ship was on the verge of breaking apart. The sailors cast lots to determine who was responsible for the calamity, and the lot fell on Jonah. Aware that the storm had come because he had disobeyed God’s command, Jonah told them to throw him into the sea. As the storm grew even more fierce, the sailors finally did as he said—and the sea immediately became calm. Then God prepared a great fish to swallow Jonah, and Jonah remained inside the fish for three days and three nights.

===Jonah’s Repentance (Chapter 2)===
While inside the belly of the fish, Jonah prayed to God in repentance, and God commanded the fish to vomit him onto dry land.

===Jonah’s Preaching and the Repentance of 120,000 People in Nineveh (Chapter 3)===
[[file:Salvator Rosa - Jonah Preaching to the People of Niniveh - KMSsp57 - Statens Museum for Kunst.jpg |thumb| ''Jonah Preaching to the People of Nineveh'', Salvator Rosa, 1630–1661 ]]
God once again commanded Jonah to go to Nineveh. Nineveh was an enormous city—it took three days to walk through it. When Jonah arrived, he proclaimed the message from God: “In forty days, Nineveh will be overthrown.” Then something remarkable happened.

From the king to the common people, men and women, young and old—about 120,000 in all—put on sackcloth and repented, earnestly pleading for God’s mercy. Seeing their sincere repentance, God relented and did not bring upon them the destruction He had threatened.

===Jonah’s Complaint (Chapter 4)===
Jonah became displeased and angry with God’s decision to spare Nineveh, a city that had been destined for destruction. He went out to the east side of the city and built a shelter for himself, waiting to see what would become of Nineveh. Then God caused a vine (or plant) to grow and provide shade over Jonah to relieve his discomfort. But the next day, God sent a worm that attacked the plant so that it withered. When the sun rose, God also sent a scorching east wind, and the heat made Jonah faint. In his distress, Jonah complained and said that it would be better for him to die. Then God spoke to Jonah:

{{quote5 |내용=But the LORD said, “You have been concerned about this vine, though you did not tend it or make it grow. It sprang up overnight and died overnight. But Nineveh has more than a hundred and twenty thousand people who cannot tell their right hand from their left, and many cattle as well. Should I not be concerned about that great city?” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jonah+4%3A10-11&version=NIV Jonah 4:10–11]}}

This final message reveals that God’s mercy extends not only to Israel but also to Gentile nations that repent, demonstrating His boundless compassion and perfect justice for all people.

==See also==
*[[Nineveh]]

==References==
<references/>

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Old Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

Book of Leviticus

2025-12-09T03:57:53Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:레위기]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Leviticus
|Abbreviation=Lev
|Class.=Old Testament
|Category=Pentateuch
|Writer=Moses
|Date (Approx.)= 15th century BC
|Location=Mount Sinai
|Chapters=27 chapters
}}
'''Leviticus''', the third book of the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], serves as a priestly manual that details the laws of offerings made in the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|tabernacle]] and the duties of the priests who perform them. It also provides guidance on how the people of Israel are to live holy lives in their daily routines so that they may serve God faithfully and receive His blessings. Leviticus is one of the Pentateuch—the Five Books of Moses—along with [[Genesis]], [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]], [[Numbers]], and [[Deuteronomy]].

==Writer and Date of Writing of Leviticus==
Much of Leviticus focuses on the duties of the [[Levites]] and the [[Priest|priests]] from the tribe of Levi. The writer of Leviticus is [[Moses]]. The book opens with the words, “The LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting,” and twenty of its twenty-seven chapters begin with the phrase, “The LORD said to Moses.” Other books of the Bible also confirm Moses as the writer.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezra+6%3A18&version=NIV |title=Ezra 6:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+8%3A2-4&version=NIV |title=Matthew 8:2–4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Leviticus was written after the completion of the Tabernacle,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> based on the instructions God gave to Moses at Mount Sinai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+26%3A46&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 26:46 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+27%3A34&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 27:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, it was likely written between the first day of the first month of the second year after the [[The Exodus|Exodus]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+40%3A17&version=NIV |title=Exodus 40:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>—when the Tabernacle was completed—and the twentieth day of the second month of that same year, when the Israelites set out from Mount Sinai.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+10%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Numbers 10:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Features==
*Leviticus uses clear and direct language to instruct both priests and the general people on how to live holy and clean lives. The emphasis on holiness for Israel arises from the fact that the [[God]] they serve is holy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+11%3A44-45&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 11:44–45 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+19%3A2&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 19:2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+20%3A26&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 20:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> ''•'' The book strongly emphasizes that God dwells in the Tabernacle. The sacrifices offered at the altar in front of the Tabernacle are described as: rituals performed “before the [[Jehovah|LORD]]”,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+1%3A3&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 1:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+3%3A1%2C&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 3:1, 7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> offerings “presented to the LORD”,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+2%3A16&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 2:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+3%3A6%2C&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 3:6, 11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and burnt offerings that become “a pleasing aroma to the LORD”.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+1%3A9%2C&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 1:9, 13, 17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+2%3A9&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 2:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Levites==
The term ''Levites'' refers to the descendants of Levi, the third son of [[Jacob]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2046%3A8-11%20&version=NIV|title=Genesis 46:8-11 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%206%3A16-19%20&version=NIV|title=Exodus 6:16-19 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref> Among them, Aaron—a descendant of Levi’s son Kohath—and his sons were appointed as priests.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers%204%3A2-4%20&version=NIV|title=Numbers 4:2-4 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref> The remaining descendants of Levi assisted the priests by serving in the tabernacle (and later the [[temple]]) and performing various tasks related to atonement for the sins of the people before God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+8%3A16-22&version=NIV |title=Numbers 8:16–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> They were also responsible for instructing and guiding the people in the laws of God. Levites who assisted the priests served from the age of twenty-five to fifty.<sup><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers%208%3A24-25%20&version=NIV|title=Numbers 8:24-25 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref></sup>

Because the LORD Himself was their inheritance, the Levites did not receive a territorial allotment when the Israelites entered Canaan. Instead, they were given forty-eight towns—including six [[City of Refuge|cities of refuge]]—along with surrounding pasturelands from the other tribes, and they received tithes from the people for their livelihood.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+35%3A1-8&version=NIV |title=Numbers 35:1–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+18%3A20-24&version=NIV |title=Numbers 18:20–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>{{참고|Levites|설명=}}

==Structure of Leviticus==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 600px;"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Chapters'''||'''Content'''||'''Category'''
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%201-7&version=NIV 1–7]
|Offerings
| rowspan="4" |Laws of Sacrifice
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%208-10&version=NIV 8–10]
|Duties of the Priests
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2011-15&version=NIV 11–15]
|Laws on Cleanliness and Purity
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2016&version=NIV 16]
|Regulations for the Day of Atonement
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2017-20&version=NIV 17–20]
|Rules for a Holy Life
| rowspan="5" |Holiness Code and Festivals
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2021-22&version=NIV 21–22]
|Priests and Offerings
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2023-24&version=NIV 23–24]
|The Appointed Feasts of God
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2025&version=NIV 25]
|Sabbath Year and Year of Jubilee
|- style="background: white"
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2026-27&version=NIV 26–27]
|Blessings for Obedience
|}

===Laws of Sacrifice ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%201-16&version=NIV Chapters 1–16])===
'''Sacrifices''' (Chapters 1–7)<br>
Under the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]], several types of [[Sacrifices in the Old Testament|sacrifices (offerings)]] were instituted. With the exception of the grain offering—which used flour or grain—the burnt offering, fellowship offering, sin offering, and guilt offering all involved the sacrifice of animals. The people of Israel were required to prepare these offerings according to detailed instructions and present them to God. {{참고|Sacrifices in the Old Testament|설명=}}'''Duties of the Priests''' (Chapters 8–10)<br>

A priest is one who offers sacrifices in the sanctuary on behalf of the people.
God appointed [[Aaron]] and his sons to serve as priests, mediating between Him and the Israelites. God accepted with pleasure the first offering that Aaron presented as priest. However, Aaron’s sons, Nadab and Abihu, brought unauthorized fire into the sanctuary—something God had not commanded—and were struck dead as a result, serving as a solemn warning about the sanctity of priestly service. {{참고|Priest|설명=}}'''Laws on Cleanliness and Purity''' (Chapters 11–15)<br>
Unlike in the time of [[Noah]], when all animals could be eaten,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%209%3A3%20&version=NIV|title=Genesis 9:3 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref> the Law of Moses distinguished between clean and unclean animals. Only clean animals were permitted for consumption, while unclean animals were strictly forbidden. Among land animals, those that both had split hooves and chewed the cud were considered clean. Among aquatic creatures, only those with fins and scales were regarded as clean.

'''Regulations for the Day of Atonement''' (Chapter 16)<br>The Day of Atonement was the sacred day when the sins of the Israelites from the entire year were forgiven. On this day, the [https://churchofgod.wiki/en/Priest#High_Priest high priest] offered a bull as a sin offering for himself and his family, and a male goat as a sin offering for the people. The high priest alone was permitted to enter the [[The Most Holy Place|Most Holy Place]]—and only once a year—to sprinkle the blood of the bull and the goat for atonement.

Additionally, a live goat, known as the scapegoat, was presented before the LORD. The high priest laid his hands on its head, symbolically transferring all the sins and iniquities of the people onto it. The goat was then sent away into the uninhabited wilderness, bearing the sins of Israel.{{참고|Day of Atonement|설명=}}

===Holiness Code and Festivals ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus%2017-27&version=NIV Chapters 17–27])===
'''Rules for a Holy Life''' (Chapters 17–20)<br>God regarded not only certain foods as unclean but also immoral behaviors such as sexual impurity and idolatry. He chose the people of Israel from among all nations and commanded them to follow His laws. God’s desire was for His people to distinguish between what is clean and unclean, to turn away from sin, and to live as a holy nation belonging to Him.

'''Priests and Offerings''' (Chapters 21–22)<br>These chapters expand on the priestly regulations introduced in Chapters 1–9. Priests were required to remain both physically and spiritually pure at all times. When offering sacrifices, they were to present only animals without blemish. After the sacrifices were made, the priests were permitted to eat the most holy portions, such as those from the burnt and grain offerings.

'''The Appointed Feasts of God''' (Chapters 23–24)<br>God established appointed festivals to be observed by His people. These included a weekly festival and annual festivals, which were celebrated once each year according to the sacred year.<br>
*[[Sabbath]]: The seventh day of each week <br>
*[[Passover]]: Evening of the fourteenth day of the first month by the sacred calendar<br>
*[[The Feast of Unleavened Bread]]: The fifteenth day of the first month by the sacred calendar<br>
*[[Feast of Firstfruits]]: The day after the Sabbath following the Feast of Unleavened Bread <br>
*[[Feast of Weeks]]: The day after the seventh Sabbath from the Feast of Firstfruits (the 50th day from the Feast of Firstfruits) <br>
*[[Feast of Trumpets]]: The first day of the seventh month by the sacred calendar<br>
* [[Day of Atonement]]: The tenth day of the seventh month by the sacred calendar<br>
*[[Feast of Tabernacles]]: The fifteenth day of the seventh month by the sacred calendar<br>
{{참고|The Feasts of God|설명=}}

'''Sabbath Year and Year of Jubilee''' (Chapter 25)<br>The Sabbath Year, observed every seventh year, was a year of rest for the land—no farming, sowing, or harvesting was to be done. After seven cycles of Sabbath Years, the following year—the fiftieth year—was designated as the Year of Jubilee.

During the Year of Jubilee: The land was again given rest, just as in the Sabbath Year; slaves were set free and allowed to return to their families and homeland; those who had sold their ancestral land because of poverty were allowed to reclaim it.<br>

'''Blessings for Obedience''' (Chapters 26–27)<br>God established statutes and commandments for His people and promised abundant blessings, peace, and protection to those who obeyed them. He also gave laws concerning vows and [[Tithe|tithes]].

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Old Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Gospel of Mark

2025-12-05T02:15:52Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:마가복음]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Mark
|Abbreviation=Mk
|Class.=New Testament
|Category=Four Gospels
|Writer=Mark
|Date (Approx.)= c. AD 55–65
|Location= Rome
|Chapters=16 chapters
}}
The '''Gospel of Mark''' is the second book of the [[The New Testament|New Testament]] and primarily contains the deeds and teachings of Jesus. Along with the Gospels of [[The Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]], [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]], and [[Gospel of John|John]], it is one of the Four Gospels, and it is believed to be the earliest one written.

==Writer: Mark==
The writer of the Gospel of Mark is Mark. ''Mark'' is his Roman name, while his Hebrew name was ''John''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+12%3A12%2C&version=NIV |title=Acts 12:12, 25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He is a nephew of Barnabas<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+4%3A10&version=NIV |title=Colossians 4:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and initially accompanied Apostle [[Paul]] on his first missionary journey. However, he returned to [[Jerusalem]] partway through the mission.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A13&version=NIV |title=Acts 13:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This decision later caused a dispute between Paul and Barnabas over whether Mark should accompany them on the second missionary journey. As a result, Mark went with Barnabas to serve in [https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/cyprus/ Cyprus].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+15%3A36-39&version=NIV |title=Acts 15:36–39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Later on, Mark became a co-worker of Paul and assisted him during his imprisonment.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philemon+1%3A24&version=NIV |title=Philemon 1:24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="딤후4:11">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+4%3A11&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 4:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Writing Time and Location==
It is generally believed that the Gospel of Mark was written in Rome. This view is supported by the presence of Roman terms within the text itself, such as praetorium (the residence of the Roman governor) and quadrans (the smallest Roman coin).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+15%3A16&version=NIV |title=Mark 15:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+12%3A42&version=NIV |title=Mark 12:42 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

The Gospel of Mark is typically dated to the late AD 50s to early 60s. During this time, the Apostle Paul was imprisoned in Rome and called for Mark to assist him.<ref name="딤후4:11" /> Mark, who had gone to Rome, also served as an interpreter for the Apostle [[Peter]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+5%3A13&version=NIV |title=1 Peter 5:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Many scholars believe that it was during this period that he composed the Gospel. If this timing is accurate, Mark’s Gospel would be the earliest of the four Gospels to be written. However, some argue that it may have been written after the martyrdom of Peter, suggesting a slightly later date.

==Background of Composition==
The Gospel of Mark was written in response to requests from believers who wanted a permanent record of [[Life of Jesus|Jesus’ life]] and [[Teachings of Jesus Christ|teachings]]. Mark carefully recalled the teachings of Jesus he had heard, not necessarily in chronological order but with faithful accuracy.<ref>Peter Orr, [https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/themelios/article/mark-as-the-backstory-to-the-gospel-mark-11-as-a-key-to-marks-gospel/#_ftn40 Mark as the Backstory to the Gospel: Mark 1:1 as a Key to Mark’s Gospel], ''Themelios'' 47, no. 2 (2022)</ref>
{{quote |“So great a light of piety shone upon the minds of Peter’s hearers that they were not satisfied with a single hearing or with the unwritten teaching of the divine proclamation, but with all sorts of entreaties they besought Mark, whose gospel we have, as he was a follower of Peter, to leave them a written statement of the doctrine which had been delivered to them orally; and they did not let the man alone until they had prevailed upon him.”
(Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius Pamphilus, II.15, NPNF 2.1, p. 114)|Eusebius' Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius Pamphilus, 2003, pp. 99}}
Furthermore, during that time, many believers in Rome were martyred due to the emperor’s persecution, and even Jesus’ own disciples were not exempt from such suffering. In light of these events, Mark sought to encourage the believers in the [[church]] in Rome, so that they would not fall into fear or confusion. He aimed to remind them that, even in the midst of suffering and persecution, they should not lose their hope in the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. To do so, he presented the story of Jesus’ own suffering and death, and more importantly, the glory of His [[resurrection]] that followed.<ref>[https://btsfreeccm.org/local/lmp/lessons.php?lesson=GOS3text The Gospels: The Gospel according to Mark], ''Birmingham Theological Seminary''</ref>

==Characteristics of the Gospel of Mark==
* It begins with the declaration, “The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God,” and records events starting from Jesus’ [[baptism]].
* Rather than focusing on Jesus’ teachings, it emphasizes His actions. In particular, about one-third of the book is devoted to Jesus’ final week (the Passion Week). The writing style is concise and clear.

==Structure of the Gospel of Mark==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 720px;"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
| '''Chapters & Verses''' || '''Content'''
|- style="background: white"
|Mark 1:1–13
|Jesus’ Baptism
|- style="background: white"
|Mark 1:14–45; 2:1–9:50
|Ministry in Galilee
|- style="background: white"
|Chapter 10
|Ministry in the Region of Judea
|- style="background: white"
|Chapters 11–13
|Entry Into Jerusalem
|- style="background: white"
|Chapters 14–15
|The New Covenant Passover and Suffering
|- style="background: white"
|Chapter 16
|Jesus’ Resurrection and Ascension
|}

===Jesus’ Baptism [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2001&version=NIV (1:1–13)]===
Jesus was baptized by [[John the Baptist]] in the [[Jordan]] River.

===Ministry in Galilee [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2001-09&version=NIV (1:14–45; 2:1–9:50)]===
After John the Baptist was imprisoned, Jesus went to [[Galilee]] to proclaim the [[gospel]]. There, He called most of the twelve disciples and performed many teachings and [[Miracles of Jesus|miracles]].

===Ministry in the Region of Judea [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2010&version=NIV (Chapter 10)]===
Jesus left Galilee and preached the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom]] in the region of Judea and beyond the Jordan River. He also showed grace by healing the sick.

===Entry into Jerusalem [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2011-13&version=NIV (Chapters 11–13)]===
Jesus entered [[Jerusalem]], riding on a colt. Many people spread their cloaks and palm branches on the road, shouting “[[Hosanna]]” and following Him.

Jesus became angry when He saw people doing business in the [[temple]] and drove them out.

===[[The New Covenant Passover]] and Suffering [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014-15&version=NIV (Chapters 14–15)]===
On the evening of the [[Passover]], Jesus shared bread and wine with His disciples, symbolizing His body and blood. After the ceremony, He prayed earnestly in the Garden of [[Gethsemane]]. Soon after, [[Judas Iscariot]] arrived with a crowd sent by the chief priests, [[Scribes in the Bible|scribes]], and [[Elder|elders]]. Jesus willingly surrendered and was taken to the high priest’s house, where He was interrogated and mocked throughout the night. At dawn, He was handed over to Pilate and sentenced to death.

Jesus was then scourged and mocked by Roman soldiers, and [[Cross|crucified]] on Golgotha. Joseph of Arimathea requested Jesus’ body from Pilate and laid it in his own tomb.

===[[Jesus’ Resurrection]] and Ascension [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016&version=NIV (Chapter 16)]===
On the day after the [[Sabbath]] (Sunday), Jesus rose from the dead. However, the disciples did not immediately believe the news of His resurrection. Jesus appeared to them, strengthened their faith, and commanded them to proclaim the gospel to all people throughout the world.

==See also==
* [[Jesus Christ]]
* [[The New Testament]]
* [[Matthew]]
* [[Luke]]
* [[John]]

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:New Testament]]

The Church of God in Maipu, Chile

2025-12-04T08:26:04Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:칠레 마이푸 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image= {{그림 | 칠레-마이푸-하나님의교회-성도들.jpg|정렬 = 가운데| 너비 = 320px | 타이틀 = The Church of God in Maipu, Chile}}
|설명=
|Name= The Church of God in Maipu, Chile
|성전건립=
|Location=[https://goo.gl/maps/fcKzu8drgufhEPw39 Maipu, Santiago, Chile]
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
}}
The '''Church of God in Maipu, Chile,''' was established in '''November 2018'''.

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Establishment: November 13, 2018
*Location: Maipu, Santiago, Chile
*Activities: Cleanup, Community Service, etc.

==Features==
Maipu is a city located southwest of Santiago, the capital of Chile. True to its status as the longest country in the world,<ref>[https://alianzapacifico.net/en/chile/ Chile], ''Alianza del Pacífico''</ref> Chile features a wide range of natural environments, from deserts to glaciers. Maipu is known for its mild climate, frequent rainfall, and vast grasslands. It is also famous for producing high-quality grapes.

Jesus taught that just as a branch bears fruit only when it remains in the vine, so too must believers remain in God to bear the fruits of blessing. The members of the Church in Maipu strive to live according to God’s will, using the Bible as their guide for daily life. They willingly reach out to help those in need, practicing the teaching, “Love your neighbor as yourself.”

[[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]], the Church’s university student volunteer group, supported neighbors suffering mentally and financially during the COVID-19 pandemic. They packed and delivered food boxes to Renca City Hall, Conchalí City Hall, and Huechuraba City Hall. Each box, labeled with the message ''“''You are not alone'',”'' contained essential food items like flour, sugar, and dried noodles.

Church members also contribute to improving the community’s environment through [[Worldwide Environmental Cleanup|cleanup]] in areas such as La Sinfonia and El Oboe.

[[ASEZ WAO (Church of God Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group)|ASEZ WAO]], the Church’s young adult worker volunteer group, carried out a street cleanup in Maipu together with Korean members visiting Chile as part of a cultural exchange program. Maipu Municipality welcomed the effort and provided cleaning tools in support. In May 2023, ASEZ WAO members from across the Santiago region joined forces to hold a [[Blue Ocean Project]] at the Valparaiso coast, a popular tourist destination. These initiatives show the active role of young Church of God members, the future leaders for environmental efforts.{{앨범
|정렬 = 가운데
|그림1 = {{그림 | 칠레 산티아고권 ASEZ-식료품 지원.jpg | 타이틀 = [https://asez.org/ ASEZ]’s food support at Renca City Hall}}
|그림2 = {{그림 | 칠레 마이푸 ASEZ WAO-지구환경정화운동.jpg | 타이틀 = The 5,972nd Worldwide Environmental Cleanup Campaign in Maipu City}}
}}

==External links==
*[https://chileiddsmm.org/ Iglesia de Dios Sociedad Misionera Mundial Chile]

==See also==
*[[The Church of God in South America]]
*[[The Church of God in Santiago, Chile]]
*[[The Church of God in La Florida, Chile]]
*[[The Church of God in Arica, Chile]]

==References==
<references />

{{하나님의 교회 둘러보기}}
{{패밀리 사이트}}

[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

The Church of God in Bogota, Colombia

2025-12-04T08:25:57Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:콜롬비아 보고타 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림|콜롬비아 보고타 하나님의교회성도들 2023유월절.jpg|너비=320px|정렬=가운데|타이틀=Members of the Church of God in Bogota, Colombia}}
|설명=
|Name=The Church of God in Bogota, Colombia
|성전건립=
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
|Category=Church
|대표=
|Location=[https://goo.gl/maps/Qk92SVLKp8qfLDJY9 Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia]
|Belong to=[[World Mission Society Church of God]]
|website=[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]<br>
}}
'''The Church of God in Bogota, Colombia,''' was established in July 2007.

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Establishment: July 1, 2007
*Location: Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia
*Activities: Cleanup, blood drive, etc.

==Features==
The capital city of Colombia, [https://bogota.gov.co/ Bogota], sits at an average altitude of 2,625 meters above sea level. It is the fourth highest capital city in the world, following La Paz (Bolivia), Quito (Ecuador), and Thimphu (Bhutan).<ref>[https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-capital-cities-in-the-world.html The Highest Capital Cities In The World], ''WorldAtlas''</ref> Home to numerous cultural institutions—including the [https://unal.edu.co/ National University of Colombia], the [https://www.banrepcultural.org/bogota/museo-del-oro Gold Museum], and the [https://www.banrepcultural.org/bogota/museo-botero Botero Museum]—Bogota is often referred to as the “Athens of South America.” Since the 2000s, the city has been praised for its successful urban transformation through innovations such as public transportation reform, dedicated bicycle lanes, and the creation of parks.<ref>[https://www.globalurban.org/Issue1PIMag05/Montezuma article.htm THE TRANSFORMATION OF BOGOTA, COLOMBIA, 1995-2000: INVESTING IN CITIZENSHIP AND URBAN MOBILITY], ''Global Urban Development Magazine'', May, 2005</ref><ref> [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/10/travel/10places.html The 31 Places to Go in 2010], ''The New York Times'', Jan. 7. 2010</ref>

After coming to [[Zion]] by accepting [[God the Father and God the Mother]], members of the Church in Bogota have dedicated themselves to preaching the truth of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]], hoping that all citizens may enjoy the blessings it contains. They put the [[Teachings of Mother|teachings of God the Mother]] into practice, striving to spread [[God]]’s love to family, coworkers, and neighbors—wherever they are, at all times.

Following [[Christ]]’s teaching to “be the salt and light of the world,”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%205%3A13-16&version=NIV|title=Matthew 5:13-16|quote= }}</ref> the members actively participate in community [[Worldwide Environmental Cleanup|cleanups]], helping beautify Bogota, a city that blends tradition with modernity. They collect trash in various areas such as Barrio Santa Rita Street, Boyaca Street, Champion Park, and along the Canal Maranta in Engativa. They also make efforts to save lives through ongoing blood drives. In 2014, the Central Military Hospital sent a letter of appreciation, acknowledging the members’ altruistic spirit and their great contribution to saving the lives of soldiers in need of blood transfusions.<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/450 Letter of Appreciation from General Director of Central Military Hospital Affiliated with Ministry of Defense], ''WATV Awards'', April 8, 2014</ref><br>
{{앨범
|정렬=가운데
|그림1={{그림 |콜롬비아 보고타 하나님의 교회-헌혈릴레이.jpg |타이틀=The 497th Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover held at Kennedy Hospital}}
|그림2={{그림 |콜롬비아 보고타 제5478차 지구환경정화운동 ASEZWAO 190128.jpg |타이틀=The 5,478th Worldwide Environmental Cleanup held at Central Park, Funza}}
|그림3={{그림 |콜롬비아 보고타 ASEZ WAO-보고타시청 지지서명.jpg |타이틀=ASEZ WAO members meeting with Bogota City Officials}}
}}
In August 2019, [[ASEZ WAO (Church of God Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group)|ASEZ WAO]], the Church of God’s Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group, visited Bogota from Korea and joined with local members to carry out a range of global partnership initiatives. They visited various institutions, including government offices and Kennedy Hospital, to introduce ASEZ WAO’s activities. Public officials, hospital and university representatives expressed support and agreement with the initiatives. [https://www.ecci.edu.co/bogota/ ECCI University] signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with ASEZ WAO.<ref>[https://asezwao.org/mou/ MOUs], ''ASEZ WAO Official Website''</ref> In recognition of ASEZ WAO’s contributions to urban development, human rights, and social well-being, the Bogota City Government awarded ASEZ WAO a certificate of appreciation.<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/1330 Certificate of Appreciation from Secretary of Bogota], ''WATV Awards'', August 12, 2019</ref>
{{그림 |콜롬비아 보고타 ASEZ WAO-보고타시청 사무국장 감사장.jpg |너비= 300px |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 |타이틀= Certificate of Appreciation from Secretary of Bogota}}

==See also==
*[[The Church of God in South America]]
*[[The Church of God in Medellin, Colombia]]
*[[The Church of God in Barranquilla, Colombia]]
*[[The Church of God in Pereira, Colombia]]

==External links==
*[https://colombiaiddsmm.org/ Iglesia de Dios Sociedad Misionera Mundial Colombia]
*[https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20121217417 The Church of God in Bogota, Colombia], ''WATV News''

==References==
<references />

{{하나님의 교회 둘러보기}}
{{패밀리 사이트}}

[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

The Church of God in Nairobi, Kenya

2025-12-04T08:25:50Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:케냐 나이로비 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림|케냐 나이로비 하나님의교회성도들 2023유월절.jpg|정렬=가운데|너비=320px|타이틀=The Church of God in Nairobi, Kenya}}
|설명=
|Name=The Church of God in Nairobi, Kenya
|성전건립=
|Location=Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
|대표=
|Belong to=[[World Mission Society Church of God]]
|website=[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]
}}
The '''Church of God in Nairobi, Kenya, was''' established in Nairobi City, Nairobi County, in '''May 2016.'''

==Sanctuary Overview==
* Establishment: May 23, 2016
* Location: Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
* Activities: Cleanup

==Features==
{{그림 |케냐 나이로비 ASEZWAO 나무심기 100그루 호마베이경찰서 20231129.jpg |정렬 = 오른쪽섬네일 |너비 = 320px | 타이틀 = [[The Mother’s Forest Project|“Mother’s Forest” project]] by ASEZ WAO: tree planting at Homa Bay Police Station}}
{{그림 | 케냐 나이로비 ASEZ 나이로비강 글로브로터리 20230625.jpg|정렬 = 오른쪽섬네일 | 너비 = 320px |타이틀 = ASEZ members working to clean up the Nairobi River}}
Kenya, located in East Africa, is known for its beautiful natural heritage, including Mount Kenya, capped with permanent snow, and the famous safari destination [https://www.maasaimara.com/ Masai Mara (part of the Serengeti ecosystem)]. The capital city, Nairobi, is home to the headquarters of the [https://www.unep.org/ United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)] and the [https://unhabitat.org/ United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT)], as well as [http://www.kws.go.ke/parks/nairobi-national-park Nairobi National Park], the first national park established in East Africa. To protect its ecosystem and environment, the Kenyan government has implemented strict regulations, such as a ban on wildlife hunting in 1997 and a plastic bag ban in 2017.

The Church of God formed a warm friendship with Kenyan athletes during the 2003 Summer Universiade in Daegu, South Korea. The Church’s cheering group, Aurah Supporters, enthusiastically supported the Kenyan team at every event. Grateful for the passionate support, the Kenyan delegation formed a sisterhood relationship with the supporters’ committee and expressed hopes to continue a close, family-like connection.<ref>[https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20030831328&menu=%B1%B9%B3%BB&cat=%B1%B9%C0%A7%BC%B1%BE%E7&subid=n52&page=8 "Thank you for treating me like family while I was in Korea."], ''WATV News'', August 31, 2003</ref>

About three years later, in 2006, Korean missionaries and young members of the Church of God headed to Kenya with the hope that the people of Kenya would come to dwell in [[God]]’s love and blessings. With diligent efforts, they preached the [[New Covenant|new covenant]], and gradually, citizens accepted the truth, leading to a growing congregation. Some members even participated in the [[The Church of God Overseas Visiting Group|Overseas Visiting Group]] program, where they visited South Korea, the land of the restored new covenant, to deeply study the [[Bible]] and experience Korean culture and unity with global members.<ref>[https://www.jbnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=218370 Global Believers United Through the World Mission Society Church of God], ''Jungbu Maeil'', November 5, 2008</ref> As more people accepted God [[Elohim]], the Church of God was officially established in Nairobi, Kenya, in May 2016.

Even before the Church’s establishment, members cleaned up areas, including Uhuru Park, contributing to the local community. They continued to take interest in environmental issues, consistently engaging in related volunteer work. In April 2022, student members from the [https://www.uonbi.ac.ke/ University of Nairobi], Mount Kenya University, and Kenyatta University conducted [[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]] cleanup. They collected waste in densely populated residential areas near the campuses, not only creating cleaner streets but also raising environmental awareness among citizens.<ref>[https://woman.chosun.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=97449 Sharing the Love of the Passover with 7.8 Billion People – World Mission Society Church of God], ''Woman Chosun'', April 26, 2022</ref> [[ASEZ WAO (Church of God Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group)|ASEZ WAO]] is also actively involved.

In November 2023, young adult workers collaborated with the Homa Bay Police Station in Homa Bay to plant 100 trees. Afterward, they have continued environmental cleanup efforts in areas such as Embakasi and Ngara, with young adult members leading the initiatives.

In December 2017, the ASEZ Global Forum for the Implementation of the SDGs, hosted by ASEZ, the Church’s university student volunteer group, at the [[The New Jerusalem Pangyo Temple|New Jerusalem Pangyo Temple]] in South Korea, welcomed Mr. Gathoga W. Chege, Deputy Head of Mission of the Embassy of Kenya in South Korea. He praised the students’ efforts, saying, “ASEZ’s voluntary activities are providing practical help in places that truly need a helping hand,” and offered words of encouragement to the university student members.<ref>[https://www.kyeonggi.com/article/201712110958858 Protecting the Earth and Aiding Disaster Relief – University Students Unite Worldwide], ''Kyeonggi Ilbo'', December 11, 2017</ref><ref>[https://asez.org/korea-2017-asez-international-forum-implementation-un-sdgs/ 2017 ASEZ International Forum for the Implementation of UN SDGs], ''ASEZ.org'', December 7, 2017</ref>

==External links==
*{{Cite web |url=https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20121207738|title= The Church of God in Nairobi, Kenya|website= WATV News|publisher= |date= |year= |author= |series= |isbn= |quote= }}

==See also==
*[[The Church of God in Africa]]

==Related videos==
*'''2017 ASEZ Global Forum on the Implementation of the UN SDGs'''
<youtube>OaCh0eCMMOI</youtube>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

Prophecy of King David’s Throne

2025-12-04T05:43:40Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:다윗 왕위의 예언]][[vi:Lời tiên tri về ngôi vua Đavít]][[es:La profecía del trono del rey David]][[pt:A Profecia do Trono do Rei Davi]]{{그림|King David, the King of Israel.jpg |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 | 너비=200px |타이틀=David, the second king of Israel}}
'''The prophecy of King David’s throne''' is a prophecy about the gospel preaching period of Christ. [[David]], the second king of [[Israel]], ascended to the throne at the age of 30 and reigned for 40 years. The prophets in the Old Testament times prophesied through David about [[God]] who would come into this world in the flesh, namely [[Christ]]. David’s work was a prophecy about the work that Christ would accomplish. David’s throne was also a prophecy, and it would be fulfilled by [[Jesus Christ]], who came to this earth 2,000 years ago, and [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Christ who would come a second time]] in the last days.

==David and Christ==
David had been chosen by God in advance to replace [[Saul]] who disobeyed God. God regarded David as a man who was after God’s own heart, and He said He would accomplish His will through David.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+13%3A14&version=NIV |title=1 Samuel 13:14 |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A22&version=NIV |title=Acts 13:22 }}</ref><br>David and [[Christ]] are related through prophecy fulfillment. The Old Testament prophets prophesied about the appearance of Christ in the name of David about ten times.
*'''Hosea'''
: Afterward the Israelites will return and seek the LORD their God and David their king. They will come trembling to the LORD and to his blessings in the last days. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hosea+3%3A5&version=NIV Hosea 3:5])
*'''Jeremiah'''
:“[W]hen I will raise up to David a righteous Branch, a King who will reign wisely and do what is just and right in the land. In his days Judah will be saved and Israel will live in safety. This is the name by which he will be called: The LORD Our Righteousness.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+23%3A5-6&version=NIV Jeremiah 23:5–6]) “Instead, they will serve the LORD their God and David their king, whom I will raise up for them.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+30%3A9&version=NIV Jeremiah 30:9]) “ ‘In those days and at that time I will make a righteous Branch sprout from David's line; he will do what is just and right in the land.’ ” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+33%3A15-17&version=NIV Jeremiah 33:15–17])
*'''Ezekiel'''
:“I will place over them one shepherd, my servant David, . . . My servant David will be prince among them.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+34%3A23-24&version=NIV Ezekiel 34:23–24]) “David my servant will be their prince forever.” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+37%3A24-25&version=NIV Ezekiel 37:24–25])<br>
The above prophecies were written hundreds of years after David’s death, and David was not an "eternal" king. Therefore, David who the prophets wrote about does not refer to the second king of Israel, but to [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|God who is to come in the flesh]], namely Christ.

==Prophecy and Fulfillment of David’s Throne==
===Jesus===
Two thousand years ago, many Jews were familiar with the prophecies of the [[Bible]] about King David; they had believed that the [[Messiah]] [Christ] would come from among David’s descendants, and that He would deliver them from the Roman oppression.<ref>Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews, pg. 124, ''Harper & Row Publishers'', 1988</ref> Actually, Jesus was born in the house of Joseph, who was a descendant of David.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+1%3A1-16&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:1–16 }}</ref> When Jesus performed many miracles, the Jews followed Him and called Him "Son of David."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+9%3A27&version=NIV |title=Matthew 9:27 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+12%3A23&version=NIV |title=Matthew 12:23 |quote=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+15%3A22&version=NIV |title=Matthew 15:22 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+21%3A9&version=NIV |title=Matthew 21:9 (Mark 11:9–11) }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+18%3A38-39+&version=NIV |title=Luke 18:38-39 (Matthew 20:30–31, Mark 10:47–48)}}</ref><br>However, the prophets’ prophecies about King David did not mean that the Messiah would appear among David’s descendants, but God would come in the flesh and become the spiritual King David. The prophet [[Isaiah]] prophesied that God would come as a child and a son and sit on the throne of David.
{{quote5 |내용=For to us '''a child''' is born, to us '''a son''' is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, '''Mighty God''', '''Everlasting Father''', Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there will be no end. He will reign on '''David's throne''' and over his kingdom, establishing and upholding it with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+9%3A6-7&version=NIV Isaiah 9:6–7]}}

This prophecy was fulfilled by Jesus. The angel who appeared to [[Mary (Mother of Jesus)|Mary]] told her that Jesus was to sit on David’s throne.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+1%3A31-32&version=NIV |title=Luke 1:31–32 |publisher= }}</ref> In other words, Jesus is [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|God who came in the flesh]] according to the prophecies of the Bible. Quoting David’s psalm, Jesus also taught them, ''“If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he [Christ] be his son?"''<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+110%3A1&version=NIV |title=Psalms 110:1 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+22%3A41-46&version=NIV |title=Matthew 22:41–46 }}</ref> [[Apostle Paul]] also said that Jesus was born of David’s descendants, but that Jesus is the Son of God and the Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+1%3A3-4&version=NIV |title=Romans 1:3–4 }}</ref><br>Jesus fulfilled the [[gospel]] work as the spiritual King David, fulfilling the prophecy of David’s throne. Just as David was anointed and ascended to the throne at the age of 30, Jesus was [[Baptism|baptized]] and began the gospel ministry at the age of 30.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: Center; width: 95%;"
| style="color: white; background: #34558b;" |'''David'''
| style="color: white; background: #0F4C82;" |'''Jesus Christ'''
|-
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Samuel+5%3A4&version=NIV 2 Samuel 5:4]
"David was '''thirty years old''' when he became king,<br> and he reigned '''forty years'''."

|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+3%3A21-23&version=NIV Luke 3:21–23]
“When Jesus was baptized too.<br> Now Jesus himself was about '''thirty years old''' when he began his ministry. “
|-
| style="color: white; background: #34558b;" |Began to reign at the '''age of 30'''<br> and reigned for '''40 years'''
| style="color: white; background: #0F4C82;" |Began the gospel ministry at the '''age of 30'''<br> and carried out the gospel for '''3 years'''
|}
Jesus was able to begin the gospel work at any time in His 20s or 40s. However, the reason Jesus was baptized at the age of 30 was to fulfill the prophecy of David’s throne. David’s 40-year reign is a prophecy of Jesus’ preaching period. However, Jesus ascended to heaven after preaching the gospel for 3 years.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+13%3A6-7&version=NIV |title=Luke 13:6–7 }}</ref>

===Second Coming Jesus===
In order to fulfill the prophecy of the remaining 37 years, it is inevitable for Jesus, the spiritual King of David, to come again. Therefore, the Bible prophesied that Jesus would come again.<ref name="두 번째">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A28&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:28 |publisher= }}</ref> If Christ comes a second time to save mankind, as the spiritual King David He will be baptized at the age of 30, and carry out the gospel work for the remaining 37 years that was not completely fulfilled by Jesus Christ.

==Sign of David==
{{그림|최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg|정렬=오른쪽섬네일 |너비=300px|타이틀=The Passover of the new covenant is a sign of Christ who fulfills the prophecy of David.}}
In the last days, those who receive the spiritual David, Christ who come a second time, will be saved. However, many false Christs and false prophets are to appear in the last days when Christ comes again.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A3-24&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:3–24 }}</ref> The true Christ, who comes as David, has a sure sign.
{{quote5 |내용=“Give ear and come to me; hear me, that your soul may live. I will make '''an everlasting covenant''' with you, '''my faithful love promised to David'''. See, I have made him a witness to the peoples, a leader and commander of the peoples.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+55%3A3-4&version=NIV Isaiah 55:3–4]}}

The "everlasting covenant" established by God is promised only to David. However, since it says that David is the leader of all people, it does not indicate King David who was the leader of Israel. The "everlasting covenant" is the sign of the spiritual David, Christ. The everlasting covenant indicates the covenant established by the blood of Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+13%3A20&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 13:20 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+13%3A20&version=NLT|title=Hebrews 13:20 (New Living Translation) }}</ref> In the Bible, the only covenant established with Jesus’ blood is the new covenant. Jesus referred to the wine of the Passover as the new covenant. Moreover, the new covenant, the everlasting covenant, was established to save the souls of mankind,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+55%3A3&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 55:3 }}</ref> and Jesus taught that those who eat His flesh and drink His blood will have eternal life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A53-55&version=NIV |title=John 6:53–55 |publisher= }}</ref> Thus, through [[The New Covenant Passover|the New Covenant Passover]], God let us eat bread and drink wine, which represent His flesh and blood. In other words, the core truth of the new covenant is the [[Passover]].
{{quote5 |내용=And he said to them, "'''I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover''' with you before I suffer. . . .” And he took '''bread''', gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, "This is '''my body''' given for you . . .” In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, "'''This cup [wine]''' is '''the new covenant in my blood''', which is poured out for you.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A15-20&version=NIV Luke 22:15–20]}}

Jesus established the Passover of the new covenant, the sign of King David. Likewise, [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]], as the spiritual King David, gives eternal life through the Passover of the new covenant.

==Prophetic David, Second Coming Christ Ahnsahnghong==
{{그림|주간 종교신문.jpg |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 | 너비=150px |타이틀=Media reports mentioning the prophecy of David’s Throne and the words of Christ Ahnsahnghong about the death of Second Coming Christ}}
===Completion of the Prophecy of David’s Throne===
David became a king at the age of 30 and reigned for 40 years. Jesus was baptized at the age of 30 and preached the truth for three years. Second Coming Jesus fulfills all the prophecies of King David’s throne by carrying out the gospel ministry for the remaining 37 years. According to the prophecy of David's throne and [[Timing of Jesus’ Second Coming|the parable of the fig tree]], Christ [[Ahnsahnghong]] was baptized in 1948 at the age of 30 and began the gospel ministry. Also, after preaching the truth for 37 years, He ascended to heaven in 1985. Four years before His ascension, Christ Ahnsahnghong made known through the media that Second Coming Christ should die according to the prophecy of David.
{{quote|''“The Church of God believes that the Second Coming Christ is to appear in this age. . . . The Second Coming Jesus has to come to the earth in secret and pass away after preaching the gospel for 37 years. The reason he has to preach for 37 years is because David reigned on the throne for 40 years, but Jesus was crucified after preaching for only three years, so the Second Coming Jesus has to preach for 37 years so that he can complete the 40-year reign.”''|''Weekly Religion'', “Unknown New Religion: The Church of God,” March 18, 1981}}

===Restoration of the Passover of the New Covenant===
The Passover of the new covenant is the sign of the spiritual David. It was not kept for about 1,600 years after it was abolished at the [[Council of Nicaea]] in 325. In the 16th century, many religious reformers cried out for the freedom of faith and reformation, but none of them could restore the truth of the new covenant. The Bible prophesied that God, who comes as the spiritual King of David, would restore the Passover of the new covenant.
{{quote5 |내용=On this mountain the LORD Almighty will prepare a feast of rich food for all peoples, a banquet of '''aged wine'''—the best of meats and the finest of wines. . . . '''he will swallow up death forever'''. . . . In that day they will say, “'''Surely this is our God'''; '''we trusted in him, and he saved us'''.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+25%3A6-9&version=NIV Isaiah 25:6–9]}}

In the Bible, the wine that destroys death forever is only the wine of the New Covenant Passover.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A54&version=NIV |title=John 6:54 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+26%3A26-28&version=NIV |title=Matthew 26:26–28 }}</ref> Second Coming Christ is the only One who brings the New Covenant Passover, which is the sign of David. Therefore, Christ Ahnsahnghong, who has restored the Passover of the new covenant, is the spiritual King David, the Second Coming Christ, who has appeared in the last days.<br>The reason God comes to this world again in the flesh is for the salvation of mankind.<ref name="두 번째" /> It means that if we do not receive Second Coming Christ, we cannot be saved. In regard to this, the prophet Hosea prophesied that those who sought David in the last days would receive God’s blessings, namely, salvation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=hosea+3%3A5&version=NIV |title=Hosea 3:5 |publisher= }}</ref><br>In this age, those who seek Christ who comes again to fulfill the prophecy of David’s throne will be saved

==Related videos==
*'''Would You Be Able to Recognize God If He Comes as a Man?'''
<youtube>O1THgzZOas4</youtube>

==See also==
*[[Ahnsahnghong]]
*[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]]
*[[David]]
*[[Spiritual Zion]]

== External links==
* [https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]
* [https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]

==References==
<references />

{{아버지 진리 둘러보기}}

[[Category:God the Father]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Church of God Knowledge Encyclopedia

2025-12-03T02:16:35Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:하나님의 교회 지식사전]][[vi:Từ điển tri thức Hội Thánh của Đức Chúa Trời]][[es:Enciclopedia de conocimiento de la Iglesia de Dios]][[ne:परमेश्वरको मण्डली विश्वकोश]][[pt:ENCICLOPÉDIA DO CONHECIMENTO DA IGREJA DE DEUS]]
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==Church of God Introduction==
{{단체정보2
|제목 = Church of God Introduction
|image1 = {{그림 | 하나님의교회_세계복음선교협회_World_Mission_Society_Logo.jpg |너비= 260px |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 |타이틀=World Mission Society Church of God Logo}}

|Founder = [[Ahnsahnghong|Christ Ahnsahnghong]]
|origins = 1964
|founding_location =
|key_people = Over 7,800 churches in 175 countries around the world <br>Registered members: 3.92 million
|website = [https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]
|youtube= [https://www.youtube.com/c/WMSCOG/ Church of God Official YouTube]
}}
The '''World Mission Society Church of God''' (in short, the “Church of God”) was established by [[Ahnsahnghong|Christ Ahnsahnghong]] in 1964. The church believes in [[God the Father]] and [[God the Mother]] according to the Bible and follows Their teachings. It inherits the pattern of the early Church of God established by [[Jesus Christ]] 2,000 years ago. It has flourished into a worldwide church with about 7,800 churches in 175 countries in only 50 years of its establishment. The number of registered members is 3.92 million as of August 2025.      
<span>[[World Mission Society Church of God|View More]]</span>

===History Summary===
* '''1948'''{{공백|2}} Christ Ahnsahnghong was baptized
* '''1964'''{{공백|2}} The Church of God was established
* '''1988'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 10,000
* '''1996'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 100,000
* '''1997'''{{공백|2}} Three overseas churches were established
* '''2000'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 300,000
* '''2001'''{{공백|2}} 1st Overseas Visiting Group (U.S.)
* '''2003'''{{공백|2}} Awarded the Presidential Citation from Korean government
* '''2004'''{{공백|2}} Awarded the Medal of Honor from Korean government
* '''2008'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 1,000,000
* '''2011'''{{공백|2}} Awarded The President’s Volunteer Service Award <br>         (Gold, Lifetime Achievement Award) from the U.S. government
* '''2013'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 2,000,000
* '''2015'''{{공백|2}} Awarded the Presidential Group Citation from Korean government
* '''2016'''{{공백|2}} General Pastor Kim Joo-cheol’s speech at the UN CERF High-Level Conference
* '''2019'''{{공백|2}} 75th Overseas Visiting Group
* '''2020'''{{공백|2}} Worldwide Support for COVID-19 response
* '''2022'''{{공백|2}} Awarded The Legislative Merit Medal from Brazil
* '''2023'''{{공백|2}} Awarded The President’s Volunteer Service Award from the U.S. (60 Gold Awards)
* '''2025'''{{공백|2}} Registered members: 3.92 million at 7,800 churches in 175 countries
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==Church of God Faith and Truth==

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==Present State of Missionary Work==
Now, the members are leading their lives of faith through over 7,800 churches in 175 countries around the world and more than 80% of them are local people. Before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, members from various continents visited Korea for a total of 82 times.
     <span>[[World Mission Society Church of God|View More]]</span>

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==Community Service==
The Church of God carries out various activities such as emergency relief, medical and welfare support, blood donation, cultural communication, character education, and environmental preservation. It also cooperates with governments and organizations in each country to implement the Sustainable Development Goals [SDGs], climate change response, disaster relief, and wellbeing promotion, which are a common task of the international community.
     <span>[[The Church of God’s Community Service Activities|View More]]</span>

===Volunteer Services Worldwide===
* No. of times: Approximately 44,000 times
* Participants: 2.8 million people
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===General Pastor Kim Joo-cheol’s Speech at the UN===
The Church of God General Pastor Kim Joo-cheol was invited to the 71st UN CERF High-Level Conference at the UN Headquarters in New York on December 13, 2016.
     <span>[[Pastor Kim Joo-cheol From the Church of God Gives a Speech at the United Nations|View More]]</span>

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Government agencies, municipalities, and universities are implementing the SDGs together with the Church, fully agreeing to the vision of the Church of God. ASEZ has been carrying out environmental protection activities with government ministries, municipalities, international organizations, 226 civil organizations, and 56,168 individuals in 168 countries.
     <span>[[World Mission Society Church of God#Signing of Agreements, Conferences, and Supporting Signatures|View More]]</span>
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Countries around the world have given medals, citations, and achievement awards to the Church of God over 5,400 times for their constant efforts to share love with their neighbors and for their volunteer services.
* The Presidential Awards from the three governments of the Republic of Korea: Presidential Medal of Honor, Presidential Group Citation, Presidential Citation
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* The Green Apple Environment Award (Gold & Bronze) and many others more     <span>[[World Mission Society Church of God#Awards|View More]]</span>
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Hezekiah

2025-12-03T02:16:24Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:히스기야]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file:Åhus kyrka-10.jpg|thumb|center|250px|Depiction of King Hezekiah by an anonymous Swedish artist]]
|title=Hezekiah
|Period=Divided Kingdom period<br>
(8th century BCE)
|Family='''Father''': Ahaz; '''Mother''': Abijah<br> '''Son''': Manasseh
|Occupation(Features)=13th king of the Southern Kingdom of Judah
|Activity area=Jerusalem
|Reign=29 years
|Major achievements=Restored the Passover, and destroyed the bronze snake and other idols
}}

'''Hezekiah''' (Hebrew: חִזְקִיָּה<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/2396.htm Strong's Hebrew: 2396. חִזְקִיָּה], ''Bible Hub''</ref>) was the 13th king of [[Southern Kingdom of Judah|Judah]]. He ascended the throne at the age of 25 and ruled for 29 years. His name means “The LORD is strong.” Hezekiah reopened the [[temple]] doors, which his father King Ahaz had closed and defiled, and reinstituted the observance of the [[Passover]], a decree of [[God]]. For these acts, he was commended as one who did what was right in the eyes of God.<ref name="정직히">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+29%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 29:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Throughout his reign, Hezekiah exemplified faithful devotion to [[God]]. In times of crisis, he turned to the [[Jehovah|LORD]] in prayer and overcame adversity by relying on divine guidance.

==Historical Background==
King Ahaz, Hezekiah’s father, was notorious for his apostasy and [[idol]] worship, following the example of other kings who had turned away from God. He embraced the abominable practices of surrounding nations, even sacrificing his own son by fire to pagan gods.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+16%3A3&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 16:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+28%3A3&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 28:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He desecrated the temple by destroying its sacred articles, shut its doors, and erected high places throughout Judah for the worship of foreign gods.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+28%3A24-25&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 28:24–25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Consequently, during Ahaz’s reign, Judah suffered invasion from Northern Kingdom of Israel, Aram, Edom, and Philistia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+16%3A5&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 16:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+28%3A17-19&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 28:17–19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Yet rather than seeking God’s help, Ahaz turned to foreign powers for assistance—actions that only deepened Judah’s misfortunes.

==Life of Hezekiah==
===Temple Reformation===
Hezekiah became king at the age of 25, succeeding his father Ahaz. In the first month of his reign, he reopened the temple doors that Ahaz had sealed.<ref name="정직히" /> He gathered the [[Priest|priests]] and the [[Levites]], reminding them that Judah’s hardships stemmed from abandoning the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|sanctuary]] and neglecting burnt offerings to God. He urged them to restore their service to God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+29%3A6&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 29:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The Levites and priests responded by cleansing the temple and its sacred utensils.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+29%3A4-16&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 29:4–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Once the temple was purified, Hezekiah offered sacrifices to God: seven bulls, seven rams, seven lambs, and seven male goats as [https://en.churchofgod.wiki/Sacrifices_in_the_Old_Testament#Sin_Offering sin offerings].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+29%3A20-21&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 29:20–21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Observance of the Passover===
Hezekiah resolved to restore the observance of the [[Passover]], which had been neglected for a long time. Since there were too few consecrated priests and the people could not gather in [[Jerusalem]] in time for the Passover of the first month, Hezekiah led the nation in keeping the Passover of the second month.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+30%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 30:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Ahead of the feast, Hezekiah sent couriers throughout the [[Northern Kingdom of Israel]], calling the people to come to Jerusalem to observe the Passover. Many in the north, having lost understanding of its significance, mocked and ridiculed the messengers.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+30%3A10&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 30:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Yet some humble-hearted individuals responded and made the journey to Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+30%3A11&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 30:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> On the 14th day of the second month, Hezekiah and the assembled people celebrated the Passover,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+9%3A10-12&version=NIV |title=Numbers 9:10–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> slaughtering the lambs and observing the feast with great joy. The Levites and the priests praised God daily.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+30%3A21&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 30:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After the Passover, Hezekiah gathered [[Tithe|tithes]] from the people to ensure that the priests and the Levites were fully provided for, allowing them to dedicate themselves wholly to the service of [[The Law of God|God’s law]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+31%3A4-7&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 31:4–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Destruction of Idols===
[[file:Hezekiah.jpg |thumb| 250px |''King Hezekiah Destroys the Idols'', Matthäus Merian, 1625–1630]]
After celebrating the Passover, Hezekiah and the people set about purging the land of idolatry. They tore down the high places, smashed the sacred stones, and cut down the Asherah poles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+31%3A1&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 31:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+18%3A3-4&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 18:3–4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Hezekiah also destroyed the bronze snake that had been preserved since the time of [[Moses]]—some 800 years earlier—because the people had begun to worship it. Declaring it nothing more than a piece of bronze, he named it Nehushtan (נְחֻשְׁתָּן).<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/5180.htm Strong's Hebrew: 5180. נְחֻשְׁתָּן], ''Bible Hub''</ref>

===The Assyrian Invasion===
[[file:King Hezekiah, clouthed in sackcloth, spreads open the letter before the Lord.jpg |thumb| 250px |“King Hezekiah, Clothed in Sackcloth, Spreads Open the Letter Before the LORD,” Illustration from ''The Story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation,'' 1873]]
Three years after Hezekiah observed the Passover in Jerusalem, Shalmaneser V, king of Assyria, besieged [[Samaria]], the capital of the [[Northern Kingdom of Israel]]. After a three-year siege, Samaria fell, and the Northern Kingdom was destroyed<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+18%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 18:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>—an event the [[Bible]] attributes to Israel’s betrayal of [[God’s Covenant|God’s covenant]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+18%3A12&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 18:12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

In the 14th year of Hezekiah’s reign, King Sennacherib of Assyria invaded Judah, capturing fortified cities and advancing toward Jerusalem. In preparation, Hezekiah fortified the city’s defenses, including the construction of Hezekiah’s Tunnel to secure the water supply from the Gihon Spring.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+32%3A1-4&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 32:1–4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+32%3A30&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 32:30 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Sennacherib sent his commander, the [https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/rabshakeh/ Rabshakeh], who spoke in Hebrew to intimidate the people of Jerusalem and undermine their faith. He also sent a letter mocking the [[Jehovah|LORD]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Kings%2019%3A10-13&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 19:10-13 |quote= }}</ref> Upon receiving it, Hezekiah went to the temple, spread the letter before God, and prayed earnestly:

{{quote5 |내용= Hezekiah received the letter from the messengers and read it. Then he went up to the temple of the LORD and spread it out before the LORD. And Hezekiah prayed to the LORD: O LORD, God of Israel, enthroned between the cherubim, you alone are God over all the kingdoms of the earth. You have made heaven and earth. Give ear, O LORD, and hear; open your eyes, O LORD, and see; listen to the words Sennacherib has sent to insult the living God. . . . '''Now, O LORD our God, deliver us from his hand''', so that all the kingdoms on earth may know that you alone, O LORD, are God.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+19%3A14-19&version=NIV 2 Kings 19:14–19]}}

God heard Hezekiah’s prayer and promised deliverance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+19%3A30-33&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 19:30–33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> That very night, the angel of the LORD struck down 185,000 Assyrian soldiers, delivering Judah from destruction.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+19%3A35&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 19:35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Illness and Recovery===
[[file:Schaduw op zonnewijzer teruggezet voor Hizkia, RP-P-OB-45.371.jpg |thumb| 250px |''Shadow on the Sundial Moved Back for Hezekiah'', Jan Luyken, 1708]]
One day, Hezekiah became gravely ill. The prophet Isaiah visited him with a dire message from God: “You are going to die; you will not recover.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Kings%2020%3A1%20&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:1 |quote= }}</ref> In deep distress, Hezekiah wept and prayed earnestly to God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+20%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Moved by his prayer, God not only healed Hezekiah but also granted him an additional fifteen years of life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+20%3A5-6&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:5–6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> As a sign of this promise, God made the shadow on the sundial move backward ten steps.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+20%3A8-11&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:8–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Misstep and Death===
News of Hezekiah’s recovery reached the king of Babylon, who sent envoys with letters and gifts. Pleased by their visit, Hezekiah proudly showed them his entire treasury—his gold, silver, spices, precious oils, armory, and all his wealth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20Kings%2020%3A13&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:13 |quote= }}</ref> Isaiah rebuked Hezekiah for his pride, prophesying that a day would come when all these treasures would be carried off to Babylon, and some of his descendants would become eunuchs in the Babylonian palace.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+20%3A16-18&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 20:16–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Hezekiah repented of his pride and humbly accepted God’s word. Because of this, God withheld His judgment during Hezekiah’s lifetime.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+32%3A25-26&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 32:25–26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><br>After reigning for 29 years, Hezekiah died. The people mourned his passing and buried him with honor among the tombs of [[David]]’s descendants. His son Manasseh succeeded him as king.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+32%3A33&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 32:33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Lessons==
===Faithfully Observing the Passover===
Despite his youth, Hezekiah ruled with wisdom and placed his trust in God. In a land steeped in idolatry, he restored the temple, heeded Isaiah’s counsel, and reinstated the observance of the Passover. He zealously removed the idols detestable to God and led the people back to true worship. Through these actions, Hezekiah sought God’s blessing for the nation’s stability and protection from future calamity. As a result of his faith and obedience, Judah was delivered from the Assyrian invasion—unlike northern Israel, which had neglected the Passover and was ultimately destroyed by Assyria.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/ancient-Middle-East Israel], ''Britannica''</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= For '''everything that was written in the past''' was written '''to teach us'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+15%3A4&version=NIV Romans 15:4]}}

Hezekiah’s life teaches believers today that those who trust in God and faithfully keep His [[The Commandments of God|commandments]], including the Passover, will receive His protection.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ecclesiastes+3%3A15&version=NIV |title=Ecclesiastes 3:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===The Power of Prayer===
Whenever Hezekiah faced adversity—whether the Assyrian invasion or a terminal illness—his first response was to seek God in prayer. God was pleased with his earnest prayers and responded swiftly.

Prayer holds immeasurable power. It is the means by which the impossible becomes possible. Like Hezekiah, when we seek God with all our hearts, He will surely answer and help us.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+41%3A10&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 41:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= “'''Ask''' and it will be given to you; '''seek''' and you will find; '''knock''' and the door will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; he who seeks finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A7-8&version=NIV Matthew 7:7–8]}}

==See also==
*[[Josiah]]
*[[Passover]]
*[[Southern Kingdom of Judah]]

==Related videos==
*'''Sermon: Those Who Treasure God’s Commandments'''
<youtube>r4Y57ERiFO0</youtube>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

Book of Joshua

2025-12-03T02:16:06Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:여호수아 (성경)]]{{성경
|image=[[File:Old Bible.jpg|thumb|center]]
|title=Joshua
|Abbreviation=Jos
|Class.=Old Testament
|Category=Book of history
|Writer=Traditionally attributed to Joshua
|Date (Approx.)=15th century BCE
|Location=
|Chapters=24 chapters
}}
The '''book of Joshua''' is the sixth book of the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]]. It recounts the Israelites’ conquest of the Promised Land of Canaan under the leadership of Joshua, who succeeded [[Moses]]. The narrative begins with [[Joshua]]’s divine commission to lead the conquest<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+1%3A1-9&version=NIV |title=Joshua 1:1–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and concludes with his death.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+24%3A29-30&version=NIV |title=Joshua 24:29–30 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Writers and Date of Composition==
Joshua is traditionally regarded as the primary writer of the book.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+8%3A32&version=NIV |title=Joshua 8:32 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+24%3A26&version=NIV |title=Joshua 24:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The accounts detailing Joshua’s death,<ref name=":0" /> the conquests of [[Caleb]] in Hebron,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+15%3A13-14&version=NIV |title=Joshua 15:13–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Othniel in Debir,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+15%3A15-19&version=NIV |title=Joshua 15:15–19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and the tribe of Dan in Leshem,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+19%3A47&version=NIV |title=Joshua 19:47 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> are believed to have been added later by another writer.<br />Joshua, the son of Nun from the tribe of Ephraim, was originally named Hoshea.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+13%3A8&version=NIV |title=Numbers 13:8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Moses renamed him Joshua, meaning “The [[Jehovah|LORD]] is salvation.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+13%3A16&version=NIV |title=Numbers 13:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He served as Moses’ assistant<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+33%3A11&version=NIV |title=Exodus 33:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and succeeded him as the leader of Israel.<br>The vivid and detailed accounts of the Canaan conquest suggest that the book was composed shortly after these events took place.

==Composition of the Book of Joshua==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width: 720px;"
|-style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
| '''Chapters''' || '''Content''' || '''Primary Stages of Events'''
|-style="background: white"
| Chapter 1|| Joshua Commissioned to Conquer Canaan || rowspan="2" | Shittim (east of the Jordan)
|-style="background: white"
| Chapter 2|| Spying Out Jericho
|-style="background: white"
| Chapters 3-5|| Crossing the Jordan River || Plains of [[Jericho]]
|-style="background: white"
| Chapters 6-12|| The Conquest of Canaan || rowspan="3" | [[Canaan]]
|-style="background: white"
| Chapters 13-22|| The Division of the Land
|-style="background: white"
| Chapters 23-24|| Joshua’s Farewell Address
|}

===Joshua Commissioned to Conquer Canaan [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2001&version=NIV (Chapter 1)]===
[[file:Benjamin West - Joshua passing the River Jordan with the Ark of the Covenant - Google Art Project.jpg |thumb| px |''Joshua Passing the River Jordan With the Ark of the Covenant'', Anglo-American historical artist Benjamin West, 18th–19th century ]]
[[God]] commissioned Joshua to lead the conquest of Canaan, encouraging him to be strong and courageous with the assurance of His constant presence. God promised that if Joshua faithfully kept the [[The Law of Moses|Law]] given through Moses, he would prosper wherever he went, and the conquest of Canaan would be successful.

Joshua summoned the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and of Manasseh, reminding them of their earlier pledge during Moses’ leadership. Although they had already received their inheritance east of the Jordan, they had vowed to lead the way in battle until all Israel had secured their inheritance in Canaan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers%2032&version=NIV |title=Numbers 32|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The tribes reaffirmed their commitment, pledging to follow Joshua just as they had obeyed Moses.

===Spying Out Jericho [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2002&version=NIV (Chapter 2)]===
The first challenge in the conquest of Canaan was the fortified city of Jericho. Joshua sent two spies to scout the city. They stayed at the house of Rahab, but when the king of Jericho learned of their presence, he sent soldiers to capture them. Moved by reverence for God, Rahab hid the spies and protected them.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+11%3A31&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 11:31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In return, they pledged to spare her and her family when the city was taken. The spies then escaped safely from Jericho.

===Crossing the Jordan River [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2003-05&version=NIV (Chapters 3–5)]===
To enter Canaan, the Israelites needed to cross the [[Jordan]] River, which was overflowing its banks at that time of year. God instructed the [[Priest|priests]] carrying the [[Ark of the Covenant|ark of the covenant]] to step into the water. As soon as their feet touched the river, the waters stopped flowing and piled up in a heap, allowing the people to cross on dry ground. The Israelites then camped at Gilgal. There, the people underwent [[circumcision]]—an observance neglected for forty years—and celebrated the [[Passover]], which had not been observed for a long time. The next day, they ate the produce of Canaan, and from that point on, the [[manna]] ceased.

===The Conquest of Canaan [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2006-12&version=NIV (Chapters 6–12)]===
*'''Jericho (Chapter 6):''' The Israelites first faced the fortified city of Jericho. God instructed them to march around the city once a day for six days, and on the seventh day, to circle it seven times. At the priests’ blast of the ram’s horns, the people were to raise a great shout. When they did, the mighty walls of Jericho collapsed. True to their oath, the Israelites spared Rahab and her family for having sheltered the spies, placing them safely outside the camp.
*'''Ai (Chapters 7–8):''' Next, the Israelites advanced on Ai, a smaller city than Jericho. Confident of an easy victory, they sent a limited force but were unexpectedly defeated. The defeat was traced to Achan of the tribe of Judah, who had taken items from Jericho that should have been devoted to God. After his sin was exposed and punished, the Israelites attacked Ai again and successfully captured it.
*'''The Broader Canaan Region (Chapters 9–12):''' Israel continued its campaign against the various Canaanite nations, including the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, achieving successive victories. God directly aided Israel, sending hailstones from the sky and causing the sun to stand still to ensure their triumph.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+10%3A11-13&version=NIV |title=Joshua 10:11–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> These victories were the result of Israel’s obedience to God, who granted them success. Under Moses, the land east of the Jordan was conquered, and under Joshua, the land west of the Jordan was taken.

===The Division of Canaan [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2013-22&version=NIV (Chapters 13–22)]===
[[File:12 Tribes of Israel Map.svg| lang=en |thumb| px | The territories allotted to the twelve tribes of Israel]]
As the conquest of Canaan neared completion and Joshua advanced in age, God instructed him to divide the conquered land west of the Jordan, along with the surrounding territories yet to be subdued, among the nine tribes and the half-tribe of Manasseh. With the priest Eleazar and the leaders of Israel, Joshua cast lots to allocate the land. The tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh were excluded, having already received their inheritance east of the Jordan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+32%3A33-42&version=NIV |title=Numbers 32:33–42 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The Levites, appointed for service in the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|sanctuary]], were not given a territorial inheritance. Instead, they received designated towns and surrounding pasturelands, as their portion was the offerings presented to God.

Caleb, rewarded for his unwavering faith when scouting Canaan 45 years earlier, was granted the privilege of choosing his inheritance. He did not claim land already conquered but boldly requested Hebron, where the Anakites still dwelled, and with enduring faith, he captured it.

With most of the land settled, the conquest of Canaan was largely complete, though some regions, such as [[Jerusalem]], remained unconquered, where the Jebusites continued to live.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua+15%3A63&version=NIV |title=Joshua 15:63 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After the division, the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh returned to their inheritance east of the Jordan.

===Joshua’s Farewell Address [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joshua%2023-24&version=NIV (Chapters 23–24)]===
As his death approached, Joshua gathered all the [[The Twelve Tribes of Israel|tribes]] of Israel at Shechem. There, he recounted God’s mighty work and urged the people to love and serve God faithfully. The Israelites pledged to serve only God and to keep His commands. Joshua died at the age of 110.

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Old Testament]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Elisha

2025-12-03T02:15:48Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:엘리사]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file:Sweet stories of God; in the language of childhood and the beautiful delineations of sacred art (1899) (14774293412).jpg|thumb|center|200px|“Elisha and the Children of Bethel,” Illustration from Sweet Stories of God; in the Language of Childhood and the Beautiful Delineations of Sacred Art, 1899]]
|title=Elisha
|Period=9th century BCE
|출생-사망=
|Family='''Father''': Shaphat
|Birthplace=
|Occupation(Features)=Disciple and successor of the prophet Elijah
|Activity area=
}}'''Elisha''' (Hebrew: אֱלִישָׁע,<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/477.htm Strong's Hebrew: 477. אֱלִישָׁע], ''Bible Hub''</ref> Greek: Ἐλισαῖος<ref>[https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/g1666/rsv/mgnt/0-1/ Ἐλισαῖος], ''Blue Letter Bible''</ref>) is the disciple and successor of the prophet [[Elijah]], and is recognized as the leading prophet of the [[Northern Kingdom of Israel]] in the 9th century BCE. He served as a prophet for approximately 50 years, from the reign of Israel’s 9th king, Jehoram, to the 12th king, Joash. His name means “[[God]] is salvation.” Elisha was the son of Shaphat, a wealthy farmer from Abel-meholah in the Jordan Valley.<ref name="왕상 19:16">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+19%3A16&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 19:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Historical Background==
Following the death of King [[Solomon]], the united kingdom of Israel was divided into two, marking the beginning of the Divided Monarchy. The Northern Kingdom of Israel, starting with its first king [[Jeroboam]], quickly turned to idolatry, worshiping foreign gods. This apostasy deepened when King Ahab married [[Ahab and Jezebel|Jezebel]], a foreign woman and worshiper of Baal, leading the entire nation into Baal worship. The [[Priest|priests]], who were charged with guiding the people to know God and uphold His teachings, had become corrupt, and the faith of the people continued to deteriorate.

In this context, Elijah was called as a prophet of God, waging a relentless battle against the [[Idol|idolatry]] that pervaded Israel. His dramatic victory over the prophets of Baal on [https://www.britannica.com/place/Mount-Carmel-mountain-ridge-Israel Mount Carmel] became a defining moment, but he was soon forced to flee into the wilderness to escape Jezebel’s wrath. It was then that God appointed Elisha as Elijah’s successor, commissioning him to continue proclaiming God’s will to the people of Israel:
{{quote5 |내용= The LORD said to him, “. . . anoint Jehu son of Nimshi king over Israel, and anoint '''Elisha''' son of Shaphat from Abel Meholah to succeed you as '''prophet'''.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+19%3A15-16&version=NIV 1 Kings 19:15–16]}}

==The Life and Key Events of Elisha==
Although the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] does not mention the details of Elisha’s birth, his prophetic ministry is extensively recorded.

===Call to Prophetic Ministry===
[[file:Elijah throwing his mantle on Elisha.jpg |thumb|300x300px|“Elijah Throwing His Mantle on Elisha,” Illustration from ''The Story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation'', 1873]]
When God instructed Elijah to appoint Elisha as his prophetic successor, Elisha was plowing with twelve yoke of oxen. Elijah approached and cast his cloak over Elisha, symbolizing God’s call to the prophetic office. In response, Elisha left his oxen and ran after Elijah, requesting permission to first bid farewell to his parents. Determined to follow the prophetic path in full obedience, Elisha slaughtered a yoke of oxen, distributed the meat to the people, and burned his plowing equipment—cutting all ties with his former life. He then set out to follow Elijah.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings%2019%3A19-21&version=NIV|title=1 Kings 19:19-21|quote= }}</ref>

As Elijah’s ministry drew to a close, God prepared to take him to heaven in a whirlwind. Elisha knew that Elijah’s [[ascension]] was near.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A1-3&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:1-3|quote= }}</ref> Although Elijah urged Elisha multiple times to remain behind, Elisha unwaveringly declared that he would not leave his master. From Bethel to [[Jericho]], and then to the Jordan, Elisha demonstrated steadfast devotion to both God and Elijah.

{{quote5 |내용= When the LORD was about to take Elijah up to heaven in a whirlwind, Elijah and Elisha were on their way from Gilgal. '''Elijah said to Elisha, “Stay here; the LORD has sent me to Bethel.” But Elisha said, “As surely as the LORD lives and as you live, I will not leave you.”''' So they went down to Bethel. . . . Then Elijah said to him, “Stay here, Elisha; the LORD has sent me to Jericho.” And he replied, '''“As surely as the Lord lives and as you live, I will not leave you.”''' . . . Then Elijah said to him, “Stay here; the LORD has sent me to the Jordan.” And he replied, '''“As surely as the Lord lives and as you live, I will not leave you.”''' So the two of them walked on. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+2%3A1-6&version=NIV 2 Kings 2:1–6]}}

===Witnessing Elijah’s Ascension===
[[file:Ascensión de Elías, de Juan de Valdés Leal (Iglesia de Ntra. Sra. del Carmen de Córdoba).jpg|thumb|270x270px|[[/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah|''Ascension of Elijah'']]'','' Juan V. Leal, 1655]]Before his ascension, Elijah asked Elisha what he desired of him. Elisha requested a double portion of Elijah’s spirit. Elijah replied that if Elisha witnessed his ascension, his request would be granted. As they walked together, a chariot of fire and horses of fire suddenly appeared, separating them, and Elijah was taken up to heaven in a whirlwind.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A9-14&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:9-14|quote= }}</ref>
Elisha picked up Elijah’s cloak and, as his master had done,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A7-8&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:7-8|quote= }}</ref> struck the waters of the [[Jordan]] River. The waters parted, and Elisha crossed on dry ground.<ref name=":0" /> Witnessing this, the company of prophets<ref>GOD'S WORD® Translation: The disciples of the prophets</ref> recognized that the spirit of Elijah now rested on Elisha and received him with respect.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A15&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:15|quote= }}</ref> After purifying the polluted water of Jericho,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A18-22&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:18-22|quote= }}</ref> Elisha traveled to [[Bethel]]. On his way to Bethel, he encountered young children who mocked him. Elisha pronounced a curse on them, and two bears emerged from the forest, mauling forty-two of them.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%202%3A23-25&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 2:23-25|quote= }}</ref>

===Miracles Performed by Elisha===
[[file:Gerbrand van den Eeckhout - Prophet Elisha and the Shunammite woman on Mt. Carmel - M.Ob.551 MNW - National Museum in Warsaw.jpg|thumb|270x270px|''Prophet Elisha and the Shunammite Woman on Mt. Carmel,'' Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, 1649]]
Elisha’s ministry unfolded during a period of political and religious upheaval in the Northern Kingdom of Israel. Amid these turbulent times, he performed numerous miracles that revealed God’s power and compassion:

*A widow, whose husband—one of the company of prophets—had died, faced the loss of her two sons to slavery due to debt. Elisha blessed her, causing her small jar of oil to flow miraculously until she had enough to pay her debts and sustain her family.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+4%3A1-7&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 4:1–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*Elisha promised a childless Shunammite woman that she would bear a son. When the child later died, Elisha prayed earnestly to God and brought him back to life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+4%3A8-37&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 4:8–37 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*When the prophets accidentally prepared a stew with poisonous wild herbs, Elisha purified it by adding flour, rendering it harmless.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%204%3A38-41&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 4:38-41|quote= }}</ref>

*With twenty barley loaves and some grain, Elisha miraculously fed a hundred men, with food left over.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+4%3A42-44&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 4:42–44 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*Elisha healed Naaman, commander of the Aramean army, who was afflicted with leprosy, instructing him to wash in the Jordan River seven times. Naaman, who had previously worshiped foreign gods, came to honor the [[Jehovah|LORD]] and glorified Him. Although Naaman offered gifts in gratitude, Elisha refused. However, Elisha’s servant Gehazi deceitfully accepted the gifts and was struck with leprosy, a condition that extended to his descendants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%2005&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 5|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Elisha's healing of Naaman was later mentioned by [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A27&version=NIV|title=Luke 4:27|quote= }}</ref>

*When one of the disciples accidentally dropped an iron axe head into the river while cutting wood, Elisha cast a stick into the water, causing the iron to float.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%206%3A1-7&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 6:1-7|quote= }}</ref>

===Delivering the Nation From Crisis===
*When Jehoram, king of Northern Kingdom of Israel, sought to suppress the rebellion of the king of Moab, he formed an alliance with [[Jehoshaphat]], king of Judah, to wage war. Jehoshaphat, seeking divine guidance, consulted the prophet Elisha regarding the outcome. Pleased with Jehoshaphat’s faith and reliance on God, Elisha prophesied victory. As foretold, Israel and Judah defeated Moab.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%2003&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 3|quote= }}</ref>

[[file:엘리사와 게하시.png|thumb|300x300px|Elisha opened his servant’s spiritual eyes, allowing him to see the heavenly army.]]
*On another occasion, the king of Aram (Syria) repeatedly planned military campaigns against Israel, but each attempt failed. Elisha, by divine revelation, exposed the Arameans’ plans—even those spoken in the privacy of the king’s chamber—alerting the king of Israel each time. In fury, the Aramean king dispatched a large army to capture Elisha, surrounding the city of Dothan where he stayed. When Elisha’s servant trembled in fear at the sight of the enemy forces, Elisha prayed for his eyes to be opened. The servant then beheld the hills filled with horses and chariots of fire—the heavenly army of God.
*As the Aramean army advanced, Elisha prayed that their eyes would be blinded. He then led the confused soldiers into the heart of Samaria, where their sight was restored. Instead of killing them, the king of Israel, at Elisha’s counsel, fed them and sent them home. As a result, Aram refrained from invading Israel for a time.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+6%3A8-23&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 6:8–23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*Later, Ben-Hadad, king of Aram, laid siege to Samaria. A donkey’s head sold for eighty shekels of silver, and a quarter of a [https://www.biblegateway.com/resources/encyclopedia-of-the-bible/Doves-Dung cab of seed pods] for five shekels. When the desperate king of Israel turned to Elisha, the prophet declared that by the same time the next day, food would be plentiful and prices would fall. An officer scoffed, saying, “Even if the LORD should open the floodgates of heaven, could this happen?” Elisha replied that the officer would see it with his own eyes but would not partake of it. The following day, by God’s intervention, the Aramean army fled in panic, leaving behind all their supplies. As Elisha had prophesied, two seahs of barley were sold for one shekel, and one seah of fine flour for one shekel at the gate of Samaria. The officer who had doubted God’s word was trampled to death by the crowd, fulfilling Elisha’s prophecy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+6%3A24-7%3A20&version=NIV | title=2 Kings 6:24–7:20|quote= }}</ref>

===Anointing Hazael and Jehu as Kings===
One of Elisha’s most significant accomplishments was the fulfillment of the missions left to him by his mentor, Elijah. God had entrusted Elijah with three tasks: to anoint Hazael as king over Aram, Jehu as king over Israel, and Elisha as his prophetic successor.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+19%3A15-16&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 19:15–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> While Elijah appointed Elisha directly, the anointing of Hazael and Jehu was ultimately completed through Elisha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+8%3A7-15&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 8:7–15 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+9%3A1-13&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 9:1–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Elisha prophesied that Jehu would bring an end to the house of Ahab, exterminating all his male descendants, and that dogs would devour Jezebel in the territory of Jezreel. As foretold, Jehu carried out judgment against the sons of Ahab, his associates, and the priests—all complicit in Baal worship under Jezebel’s influence.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+10%3A1-29&version=NIV |title=2 Kings 10:1–29 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Jehu also eradicated the Baal worshipers and destroyed their temples that were detestable to God.

===Death===
[[file:The death of Elisha.jpg |thumb| 230px |“The Death of Elisha,” Illustration from ''The Story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation,'' 1873''.'']]
In his later years, Elisha fell ill with the sickness that would lead to his death. King Joash of Israel came to see him and wept over him. Elisha instructed the king to take a bow and arrows, open the east window, and shoot an arrow, declaring it the “arrow of the LORD’s victory” over Aram and prophesying Israel’s triumph at Aphek. Elisha then told Joash to strike the ground with the arrows. The king struck the ground three times and stopped. Displeased, Elisha rebuked him, saying that had he struck the ground five or six times, he would have completely defeated Aram; but now he would strike them only three times.

After Elisha died and was buried, a remarkable event occurred: Once a corpse was thrown into Elisha’s tomb and the body touched Elisha’s bones, the man revived and stood on his feet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings%2013%3A14-21&version=NIV|title=2 Kings 13:14-21|quote= }}</ref>

==Lesson==
Elisha exemplified absolute obedience to God’s calling and unwavering dedication to His will. His wholehearted devotion is evident in his immediate abandonment of his oxen and plow when called to be a prophet, and in his steadfast determination when Elijah repeatedly urged him to stay behind—yet Elisha followed without hesitation.

Even in moments of crisis, such as being surrounded by the Aramean army, Elisha placed his full trust in God. In turn, God endowed him with abundant spiritual power and entrusted him with the blessed mission of helping the suffering people and proclaiming His will.

Elisha’s faith provides a lasting example for believers today who are called to the prophetic mission of the [[gospel]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%203%3A16-19&version=NIV|title=Ezekiel 3:16-19|quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2028%3A18-20&version=NIV|title=Matthew 28:18-20|quote= }}</ref> Those who endure hardships with unshakable faith and fulfill their calling in obedience will undoubtedly receive great blessings from God.

==See also==
*[[Elijah]]
*[[Idol]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

Barnabas

2025-12-03T02:15:30Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:바나바]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file:Ambrosius Francken (I) - Paul and Barnabas of Cyprus chosen as apostles by the Holy Spirit.jpg |thumb| center|200px | Paul and Barnabas of Cyprus Chosen as Apostles by the Holy Spirit, Ambrosius Francken, 17th century]]
|title=Barnabas
|Period=Apostolic Age
|Birthplace=Cyprus (Kubros in Greek)
|Family='''Nephew''': Mark (John Mark)
|Occupation(Features)=Apostle, Teacher at the Church in Antioch
|Activity area=Antioch, Pisidia, Cyprus
|Major achievements=Introduced Apostle Paul to the disciples<br>
Guided the members of the Church in Antioch<br>
Accompanied Paul on his first missionary journey
}}

'''Barnabas''' (Greek: Βαρνάβας) was an [[apostle]] who served as a teacher in the Church at [[Antioch]]. Although he was not among the twelve disciples<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+6%3A13&version=NIV |title=Luke 6:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> personally chosen by [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]], he devoted himself to the spread of the [[gospel]] in the early Church and was recognized as an apostle.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+14%3A14&version=NIV |title=Acts 14:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Barnabas was a Levite from Cyprus (Greek: Κύπρος), and his given name was Joseph. The apostles gave him the name ''Barnabas'', meaning “Son of Encouragement.”<ref name="행4">{{Cite web |url=https://www.bskorea.or.kr/bible/korbibReadpage.php?version=SAENEW&book=act&chap=4&sec=1&cVersion=&fontSize=15px&fontWeight=normal |title=Acts 4:36-37 |publisher=|quote= }}</ref>

==Historical Background==
After [[Jesus’ Resurrection|Jesus’ resurrection]] and [[The Ascension of Jesus|ascension]], the [[Apostle|apostles]] received the [[Former Rain and Latter Rain|early rain of the Holy Spirit]] at [[Pentecost]] and began preaching the [[gospel]] of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] throughout [[Samaria]], Palestine, and the Roman Empire. As they witnessed the extraordinary work of the Holy Spirit, they rejoiced daily, yet faced many challenges. The rapid growth of believers created an urgent need for leaders to guide the new converts, but there were few available workers.

At the same time, the spread of the [[gospel]] provoked intensified persecution from political authorities and Jewish people. The apostles were brought before the [[Sanhedrin]], beaten, and imprisoned,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+5%3A40-41&version=NIV |title=Acts 5:40–41 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+12%3A5&version=NIV |title=Acts 12:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and Apostle [[James (Son of Zebedee)|James]] became the first to be martyred.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+12%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Acts 12:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The [[Church]] also faced internal challenges, including confusion and economic difficulties. Nevertheless, the early Christians overcame these trials by sharing their possessions, claiming nothing as their own, and remaining united in heart and mind through their faith in Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A32-35&version=NIV |title=Acts 4:32–35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==Ministry of Barnabas==
The ministry of Barnabas, as recorded in the [[book of Acts]], begins with his notable act of selling his land and offering the proceeds to support those in need.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A36-37&version=NIV |title=Acts 4:36–37 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Much of his subsequent ministry is closely connected with Apostle Paul.
{| class="wikitable"
!'''Major achievements'''
!'''Verses'''
|-
|Introduced Paul to the Church
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=행+9%3A26-28&version=NIV Acts 9:26–28]
|-
|Provided leadership at the Church in Antioch
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=행+11%3A22-26&version=NIV Acts 11:22–26]
|-
|Accompanied Paul on the First Missionary Journey
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%2013&version=NIV Acts 13-14]
|-
|Traveled to Cyprus With Mark
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=행+15%3A36-41&version=NIV Acts 15:36–41]
|}
===Introduced Paul to the Church===
Before accepting [[Christ]], Paul had severely persecuted the Church of God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+1%3A13&version=NIV |title=Galatians 1:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> As a result, even after his conversion by [[God]]’s calling,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A15&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> the believers in Jerusalem remained fearful and skeptical of him.<br>At a time when unity in preaching the [[gospel]] was crucial, Paul continued to face suspicion. Barnabas intervened, recounting to the disciples the circumstances of Paul’s conversion and his fervent preaching afterward. Through Barnabas’s advocacy, Paul was ultimately accepted as a fellow believer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+9%3A26-28&version=NIV |title=Acts 9:26–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Shepherding the Church in Antioch===
[[file:Paulus en Barnabas predikend voor de tempel, RP-P-1878-A-880.jpg |thumb| 300px | ''Paul and Barnabas Preaching in Front of the Temple'', Louis Fabricius Dubourg, 18th century]]
Following the martyrdom of [[Stephen]], believers were scattered to regions such as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, where they preached the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] to the Jews. When the gospel was preached to the Greeks in Antioch, a great number of people became [[Christian|Christians]]. Upon hearing this, the church in Jerusalem sent Barnabas to Antioch to guide the growing congregation. The evangelist [[Luke]] praised Barnabas as “a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and faith.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A19-24&version=NIV |title=Acts 11:19–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

As the number of believers in Antioch continued to increase, the need for additional workers became pressing. Barnabas traveled to Tarsus to bring Paul back to Antioch, and together they taught large crowds for a year, nurturing and strengthening the faith of the disciples.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A24-26&version=NIV |title=Acts 11:24–26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

During this period, the prophet Agabus, through the Holy Spirit, prophesied that “a severe famine would spread over the entire Roman world”—a prophecy fulfilled during the reign of [[Caesar#Claudius|Claudius]]. In response, the Church in Antioch resolved to send relief to the believers in Jerusalem. Barnabas and Paul were entrusted with delivering this aid.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A27-30&version=NIV |title=Acts 11:27–30 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After completing their mission, Barnabas returned to Antioch, bringing with him his nephew Mark (John Mark),<ref name="골 4:10">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+4%3A10&version=NIV |title=Colossians 4:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> who had been in Jerusalem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+12%3A25&version=NIV |title=Acts 12:25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===Missionary Journeys===
[[file:Paul the Apostle, first missionary journey.svg |thumb| 300px | The first missionary journey with Paul]]
While the prophets and teachers of the Church in Antioch were gathered in prayer and [[fasting]], the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.” In obedience to this command, Barnabas set out with Paul on the first missionary journey, led by the Holy Spirit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=Acts 13:1–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*'''Companion on Paul’s First Missionary Journey'''
:Joining them on this journey was Barnabas’s nephew, Mark, who served as their assistant. Departing from Antioch, Barnabas and Paul sailed from the port of Seleucia to Salamis in Cyprus, where they preached the gospel. From there, they traveled to Paphos and then crossed by sea to Perga in Pamphylia, where Mark left them and returned to Jerusalem. Paul and Barnabas then moved on to Pisidian Antioch, where nearly the entire city gathered to hear the word of God. Many Gentiles believed and rejoiced, but jealous Jews incited the city’s leaders, resulting in the expulsion of Barnabas and Paul from the region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+13%3A4-51&version=NIV |title=Acts 13:4–51 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Nevertheless, they continued preaching in Iconium, Lystra, and Derbe, where many more received the gospel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%2014&version=NIV |title=Acts 14|publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

After completing their journey, they returned to Antioch. There, they confronted individuals who claimed that Gentile believers must be [[Circumcision|circumcised]] according to the [[The Law of Moses|Law of Moses]]. To resolve the issue, Barnabas and Paul traveled to Jerusalem to consult the apostles and [[Elder|elders]]. They returned with guidance confirmed by the Holy Spirit, settling the matter within the Church.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts%2015%3A1-31&version=NIV|title=Acts 15:1-31|quote= }}</ref>

* '''Journey to Cyprus With Mark'''
:Some time later, Paul proposed another missionary journey. Barnabas wished to bring Mark, but Paul opposed this, remembering that Mark had deserted them during their first mission. Their disagreement led to a separation: Barnabas took Mark and sailed to Cyprus, while Paul chose Silas and traveled through Syria and Cilicia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+15%3A36-41&version=NIV |title=Acts 15:36–41 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Although Barnabas is not mentioned again in the book of Acts after that, [[Paul’s Epistles|Paul’s letter]] to the [[Book of Galatians|Galatians]] indicates that the two apostles later reconciled and renewed their partnership in the gospel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+2%3A1&version=NIV |title=Galatians 2:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> References in Colossians and [[Book of 2 Timothy|2 Timothy]] further suggest that Paul eventually restored his trust in Mark.<ref name="골 4:10" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+4%3A11&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 4:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> These accounts imply that Barnabas’s influence helped shape Mark into a valuable and trusted coworker in the ministry.

==Lesson==
Barnabas was an apostle filled with the word of God and the Holy Spirit, dedicating himself with zeal to the work of the gospel. He not only supported fellow believers with his personal resources but also devoted himself wholeheartedly to preaching the word of God.

Known for his gentleness and kindness, Barnabas played a crucial role in helping Paul establish fellowship with the believers in Jerusalem. He accompanied Paul on missionary journeys and was instrumental in his growth as the apostle to the Gentiles. He also did not condemn his nephew Mark for his earlier failings but embraced and nurtured him until he matured into a valuable coworker in the gospel. Through these deeds, Barnabas became a model of faith for the disciples and apostles, earning their deep trust and respect.

By steadfastly keeping his faith, diligently guiding souls, and faithfully tending the flock entrusted to him by God, Barnabas exemplified the life of faith that all who have received the Savior should follow.

==See also==
*[[Paul]]
*[[Apostle]]
*[[Book of Acts]]
*[[Paul’s Epistles]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

The Church of God in Orange County, CA, USA

2025-12-03T02:15:16Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회.jpg|너비=320px|정렬=가운데|타이틀=Exterior view of the Church of God in Orange County, CA, U.S.}}
|설명=
|Name=The Church of God in Orange County, CA, USA
|성전건립=
|Location=[https://goo.gl/maps/mh1sgZb7cpqwFeq26 Orange County, CA, U.S.]
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
|대표=
|Belong to=[[World Mission Society Church of God]]
|website=[https://watv.org/ 하나님의 교회 공식 홈페이지]
}}
'''The''' '''Church of God in Orange County, CA, U.S.,''' was established in May 2011 in Orange County, California.

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Established: May 6, 2011
*Scale: Main building (two stories) and one education building; total floor area of 1,203.76㎡; a land area of 4,856.22㎡
*Facilities: Main worship hall, small sanctuary, education rooms, multipurpose room, cafeteria, and others
*Location: Orange County, CA, U.S.

==Features==
Situated in Southern California, [https://ocgov.com/ Orange County] borders the Pacific Ocean with an expansive coastline featuring well-developed beaches and ports. The Church is located in [https://ggcity.org/ Garden Grove], near scenic destinations such as [https://www.surfcityusa.com/about-huntington-beach/ Huntington Beach] and [https://www.visitnewportbeach.com/ Newport Beach], both popular with residents and tourists. Nearby [http://www.anaheim.net/ Anaheim] is home to the world-famous Disneyland Resort, along with numerous resorts and shopping centers that draw visitors year-round.

Church members share the truth of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]], practicing the teachings of the [[Bible]] and fulfilling the command of [[Elohim|God Elohim]] to be “the salt and light of the world.”<br>In December 2013, members donated seven boxes of canned goods and approximately 3,200 pairs of socks to support local residents facing financial hardship during the holiday season. In December 2012, the Church held a charity walkathon in Garden Grove Park, with about 300 participants marching 5.5 kilometers to raise funds and supplies for the homeless. The donations were delivered through the OC Partnership, whose manager, Denise Voss, expressed gratitude, stating she was “deeply touched by the members’ dedicated and active charitable efforts.”<ref>[https://news.watv.org/over/content.asp?articleid=o20121223755 A Festival of Love-Sharing to Comfort the Marginalized], ''WATV News'', December 23, 2012</ref>{{앨범
|정렬 = 가운데
|개수 = 3
|너비 = 960px
|그림1 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회-걷기대회(의류 지원).jpg|타이틀 = Church members transport the donated clothing collected through the charity walkathon held at Garden Grove Park}}
|그림2 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 ASEZ-노인요양원 위문.jpg|타이틀 = [[ASEZ]]’s outreach to a nursing home in Orange County}}
|그림3 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회-전 세계 유월절사랑 생명사랑 제571차 헌혈릴레이.jpg|타이틀 =The 571st [[Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover|Worldwide Blood Drive]] to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover}}
}}
In August 2019, members of [[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]], the Church’s university student volunteer group, visited Victoria Healthcare and Rehabilitation in Costa Mesa to practice the love of [[God the Mother]]. They hosted a cultural event featuring orchestral performances, choral singing, jazz ensembles, and recreational activities, creating memorable experiences for the elderly residents. Similarly, in April 2013, members visited Anaheim Terrace Care Center and Buena Vista Care Center in Anaheim, presenting plays and choral performances.

The Church actively supports local blood banks through the [[Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover|Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover]].<ref>[https://weekly.chosun.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=11318 The Secret Behind the Rapid Growth of the Church of God], ''Weekly Chosun'', Issue 2450</ref> In April 2016, 110 members donated blood to LifeStream Blood Bank, with similar drives held in May 2014. These efforts were covered by local media, encouraging broader public participation.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1SuzORjisY Global Blood Drive], ''GardenGroveTV3'', March 3, 2012</ref>
{{앨범
|정렬 = 가운데
|개수 = 3
|너비 = 960px
|그림1 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 ASEZ WAO-소방청 Heart to Heart 프로젝트.jpg|타이틀 = ASEZ WAO’s [[The Heart-to-Heart Project|“Heart to Heart” project]] at Orange County Fire Authority}}
|그림2 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 ASEZ-Mother's Street.jpg|타이틀 = [[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]]’s [[Mother’s Street Project|“Mother’s Street” project]] at Santa Ana College Campus}}
|그림3 = {{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회-전 세계 유월절맞이 제1381차 지구환경정화운동.jpg|타이틀 =The 1,835th Worldwide Environmental Cleanup Campaign at Huntington Beach Central Park}}
}}
During the COVID-19 pandemic, [[ASEZ WAO (Church of God Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group)|ASEZ WAO]], the Church’s young adult worker volunteer group, launched the [[The Heart-to-Heart Project|Heart to Heart Project]] to support frontline workers. In November 2020, members visited the Orange County Fire Authority, delivering pizza, drinks, and handwritten thank-you letters to express appreciation for the firefighters’ dedication to public safety.<ref>[https://www.joongang.co.kr/article/23943836 Global Love-Sharing and Volunteer Efforts to Heal 'COVID-Blue'], ''The JoongAng'', December 12, 2020</ref>

Church members also contribute to community beautification and environmental conservation. In December 2017, they collected approximately 360 kilograms of litter at Civic Center Park in Garden Grove. In December 2018, ASEZ members cleaned a 5-kilometer area near Lemon Creek Bicentennial Park in Walnut, removing around 3.8 tonnes of waste. Additional cleanups have been conducted at Salt Creek Beach, South Gate Park, Huntington Beach Central Park, Long Beach, and other locations, fostering cleaner, healthier communities.

In recognition of its sustained contributions to the community, the Church of God in Orange County received a Commendation from the Mayor of Walnut<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/1175 Certificate of Recognition from Mayor of Walnut], ''WATV Awards'', December 16, 2018</ref> and Certificates of Appreciation from Garden Grove Municipality<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/556 Letter of Commendation from Mayor of Garden Grove, Orange County], ''WATV Awards'', January 16, 2014</ref> and the Huntington Beach Parks and Recreation Department.<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/189 Letter of Appreciation from City of Huntington Beach], ''WATV Awards'', March 22, 2012</ref>
{{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 ASEZ-월넛시장 표창장.jpg|너비=260px|정렬=오른쪽섬네일|타이틀=Commendation from the Mayor of Walnut}}
{{그림|미국 CA 오렌지카운티 하나님의 교회-라이프스트림 혈액원 감사장.jpg|너비=260px|정렬=오른쪽섬네일|타이틀 = Certificate of Appreciation from LifeStream Blood Bank}}

==See also==
*[[The Church of God in North America]]
*[[The Church of God in Los Angeles, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in Riverside, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in San Diego, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in San Francisco, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in Sunland, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in Escondido, CA, USA]]
*[[The Church of God in Fresno, CA, USA]]

==External links==
*{{Cite web |url= https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20120505165 |title=The Church of God in Orange County, CA, USA |website=WATV News }}

==References==
<references />
{{하나님의 교회 둘러보기}}
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[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

The Church of God in Lisbon, Portugal

2025-12-03T02:15:09Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:포르투갈 리스본 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림|포르투갈 리스본 하나님의 교회 유월절_2017.jpg|정렬=가운데| 너비=320px|타이틀=Members of the Church of God in Lisbon, Portugal}}
|설명=
|Name= The Church of God in Lisbon, Portugal
|성전건립=
|Location=Lisbon, Lisbon District, Portugal
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
}}
'''The''' '''Church of God in Lisbon, Portugal''' was established in November 2005 in the nation’s capital, Lisbon.

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Established: November 1, 2005
*Location: Lisbon, Lisbon District (Portuguese: Lisboa), Portugal
*Key Activities: Environmental cleanup, community service, blood drive

==Features==
The Church of God was founded in 1964 in South Korea, the [[Where Jesus Comes a Second Time|easternmost land]], by [[Ahnsahnghong|Christ Ahnsahnghong]] in accordance with the prophecies of the [[Bible]]. Four decades later, in November 2005, the Church was established in Portugal, marking its presence at the westernmost edge of Europe.

The Church’s mission in Portugal began with young Korean members, and was later reinforced by visits from Korean short-term mission teams. As local members visited Korea through [[The Church of God Overseas Visiting Group|Overseas Visiting Group]] program, their faith deepened, contributing to the rapid growth of the Church in Lisbon. In Lisbon, a city with a deeply rooted Catholic heritage, an increasing number of people continue to seek the truth of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] and join the Church of God.<ref>[https://news.watv.org/over/content.asp?articleid=o20120305459&page=1&cat=%C0%AF%B7%B4 From the Easternmost Point to the Westernmost Point, and from the Westernmost Point to the Ends of the Earth], ''WATV News'', March 5, 2012</ref>

In addition to sharing the hope of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]] and the love of [[Christ]] through the [[gospel]], members of the Church of God in Lisbon actively participate in a wide range of volunteer initiatives that support national and community development. Their efforts include [[Worldwide Environmental Cleanup|environmental protection]], assistance for underprivileged neighbors, and emergency relief activities. Cleanup campaigns are conducted in high-traffic areas such as Belém Park, a popular public space, and Rossio Square, helping foster cleaner and more pleasant urban environments. The Church also hosts [[Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover|blood drives]] to assist patients affected by blood shortages. Moreover, young adult members of [[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]], the Church of God’s university student volunteer group, visit nursing homes to bring comfort and joy to the elderly.
{{앨범
|정렬 = 가운데
|그림1 = {{그림|포르투갈-리스본-환경정화활동2.jpg|타이틀=Worldwide environmental cleanup campaign at Rossio Square}}
|그림2 = {{그림|포르투갈-리스본-환경정화활동.jpg | 타이틀 = Worldwide environmental cleanup campaign at Penha de França}}
}}
==External links==
*{{인용 |url=https://portugaliddsmm.org/ |title=Igreja de Deus Sociedade Missionária Mundial Portugal|website= |publisher= |date= |author= |series= |quote= }}
*{{인용 |url=https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20121207458|title=The Church of God in Lisbon, Portugal |website=WATV News |publisher= |date= |author= |series= |quote= }}
==See also==
* [[The Church of God in Europe]]

==References==
<references />

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[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

The Church of God in Helsinki, Finland

2025-12-02T02:26:42Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:핀란드 헬싱키 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림| 핀란드 헬싱키 하나님의 교회 유월절 2023.jpg |정렬=가운데| 너비=320px |타이틀= Members of the Church of God in Helsinki, Finland}}
|설명=
|Name= The Church of God in Helsinki, Finland
|성전건립=
|Location=Helsinki, Uusimaa Region, Finland
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
}}
'''The''' '''Church of God in Helsinki, Finland''' was established in September 2010 in the capital city of Helsinki

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Established: September 1, 2010
*Location: Helsinki, Uusimaa Region, Finland
*Key Activities: Environmental cleanup, community service, blood drive

==Features==
Finland is renowned as the “Land of Forests and Lakes,” with over 180,000 lakes and vast stretches of verdant forest.<ref>Aaron Sidder, [https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/geography/countries/article/finland Finland], ''National Geographic Kids''</ref>
[[file:Hietalahti of Vahvajärvi lake in Hirvensalmi, South Savo, Finland, 2022 May.jpg|thumb|Finland, the land of forests and lakes|315x315px]]
{{그림 |핀란드 헬싱키 환경정화운동 01.jpg|너비= 320px |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 |타이틀= [[Worldwide Environmental Cleanup|Street cleanup]] in the Malmi district}}

Approximately one-third of the country lies within the Arctic Circle, preserving its pristine and unspoiled natural environment.

During winter, Finland experiences the polar night, a phenomenon where the sun remains below the horizon for extended periods, casting days into continuous darkness. In contrast, the midnight sun brightens summer nights, keeping the sky illuminated around the clock. Between September and March, the northern regions of Finland showcase spectacular aurora borealis displays, creating enchanting snowy landscapes that attract visitors from around the world.

Members of the Church of God in Helsinki actively preach the message of God Elohim, spreading the hope of heaven to citizens. They are also committed to environmental preservation, undertaking cleanups in various locations, including Helsinki Central Station Square and the Malmi district in Oulu. Through environmental initiatives such as the “Mother’s Street” project, they promote the importance of protecting the environment while fostering cleaner, safer, and more pleasant public spaces.

The relationship between Finland and the Church of God originated in 2003 during the Daegu Summer Universiade held in South Korea. On that occasion, the [[The Church of God in Korea|Church of God members in Korea]] passionately supported the Finnish basketball team in a match played the day before the opening ceremony. Timo Simonen, head of the Finnish delegation, expressed deep gratitude for their heartfelt encouragement.<ref>[https://news.watv.org/internal/content.asp?articleid=i20030820765 Finnish Team Supporters and Athletes: "We Are One"], ''WATV News'', August 20, 2003</ref> The Church members continued their support throughout the competition, establishing a meaningful friendship that transcended national borders.

Decades later, the Church of God in Helsinki continues to thrive, drawing many Finnish citizens eager to learn about the [[gospel]]. Members pursue a profound life of faith, striving to understand true love and the truth of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]]. They also participate in [[The Church of God Overseas Visiting Group|Overseas Visiting Group]] trip to Korea, enriching their faith.<ref>[https://watv.org/2023-youth-leadership-conference/ Worldwide Young Adult Leadership Conference 2023], ''WATV.org'', June 6, 2023</ref>

==External links==
*{{Cite web |url=https://jumalanseurakunta.fi/ |title=Jumalan seurakunta maailman lähetysyhteisö Suomi|website= |publisher= |date= |year= |author= |series= |isbn= |quote= }}
*{{인용 |url= https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20121207766 |title= The Church of God in Helsinki, Finland |website=WATV News |publisher= |date= |author= |series= |quote= }}
==See also==
*[[The Church of God in Europe]]

==References==
<references />

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[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

The Church of God in San Salvador, El Salvador

2025-12-02T02:26:33Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:엘살바도르 산살바도르 하나님의 교회]]{{지역교회
|image={{그림| 엘살바도르 산살바도르 하나님의 교회 성도들.jpg|정렬=가운데| 너비=320px|타이틀=Members of the Church of God in San Salvador, El Salvador}}
|Name= The Church of God in San Salvador, El Salvador
|Location= [https://goo.gl/maps/RTDwbQ5aNLyUQEBh8/ San Salvador, San Salvador Department, El Salvador]
|Category=Church
|Purpose=Worship, Preaching the Gospel, Community Service
}}
'''The''' '''Church of God in San Salvador, El Salvador''', was established in November 2006 in the nation’s capital, San Salvador.

==Sanctuary Overview==
*Establishment: November 11, 2006
*Location: San Salvador, San Salvador Department, El Salvador
*Key Activities: Environmental cleanup, community service, blood drive

==Features==
El Salvador, the smallest country in Central America by land area, borders Guatemala and Honduras and faces the Pacific Ocean. Despite its modest size, it has the highest population density in the region.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/El-Salvador El Salvador], ''Britannica''</ref> The country is noted for its agricultural production, particularly coffee cultivation, as well as a growing manufacturing sector. The capital city, San Salvador, serves as El Salvador’s political, social, and cultural center. It also hosts the [https://www.sica.int/ Secretariat of the Central American Integration System (SICA)], making it a pivotal city in the region. Approximately 30% of the national population resides in the greater metropolitan area surrounding San Salvador.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/place/San-Salvador San Salvador], ''Britannica''</ref> In Spanish, El Salvador means “The Savior,” while San Salvador translates to “Holy Savior.”

Before the Church’s establishment in El Salvador, a notable connection was made in 2003 when the El Salvador national team participated in the [https://theme.archives.go.kr//next/photo/universiade03List.do Daegu Summer Universiade] in South Korea. During the event, the team formed a rapport with the Aurah Supporters of the Church of God, who offered enthusiastic encouragement. The athletes later visited the Supporters’ headquarters, fostering fellowship with the Church members.<ref>[https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20030831946 Daegu Summer Universiade, El Salvador Supporters], ''WATV News'', August 31, 2003</ref>

The World Mission Society Church of God in San Salvador was established in November 2006. Since then, it has focused on proclaiming the Savior testified in the [[Bible]] and sharing the hope of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]] with citizens. Inspired by the Church’s emphasis on the love of [[Elohim|God Elohim]], members actively participate in volunteer work, serving local communities.

The Church is especially noted for its [[Worldwide Environmental Cleanup|environmental initiatives]], aimed at promoting clean and safe communities while contributing to public safety. [[ASEZ (The Church of God University Student Volunteer Group)|ASEZ]], the Church’s university student volunteer group, has carried out cleanups around the University of El Salvador as part of the “[[Reduce Crime Together Project|Reduce Crime Together]]” project. The group has also led environmental awareness campaigns to enhance civic consciousness. In addition, during a clean-up event at Daniel Hernández Park in Santa Tecla, La Libertad Department, the efforts of church members were featured on Canal 12’s program ''Ahora El Salvador'', encouraging broader community involvement.{{그림 |엘살바도르-산살바도르-헌혈릴레이_28.jpg |너비= 320px |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 |타이틀= The 639th Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover at National Women's Hospital}}

Beyond environmental initiatives, the World Mission Society Church of God in San Salvador engages in a variety of activities aimed at improving public well-being. At San Rafael National Hospital, under the Ministry of Health, the Church members volunteered to repaint the emergency room to provide a more pleasant and hygienic environment for patients.<ref>[https://news.watv.org/internal/content.asp?articleid=i20130430245 Global Passover Love-Sharing Campaign], ''WATV News'', April 30, 2013</ref> The Church has also organized [[Worldwide Blood Drive to Give Life Through the Love of the Passover|blood drives]] at major medical facilities, including Rosales National Hospital and the National Women’s Hospital, to assist patients requiring transfusions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, members of [[ASEZ WAO (Church of God Young Adult Worker Volunteer Group)|ASEZ WAO]], the Church’s young adult worker volunteer group, delivered 55 support kits containing handwritten letters and snacks to frontline medical personnel at the National Medical Hospital as part of the [[The Heart-to-Heart Project|“Heart to Heart” project]].

In recognition of its contributions, the Mayor of San Salvador awarded the Church a certificate of appreciation for its role in regional development.<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/606 Certificate of appreciation from Mayor of San Salvador City], ''WATV Awards''</ref> The National Institute of Health also presented a certificate of appreciation in acknowledgment of the Church's efforts to promote voluntary blood donation.<ref>[https://watvaward.org/en/award/664 Certificate of Appreciation from Minister of Health], ''WATV Awards''</ref>
{{앨범
|정렬= 가운데
|그림1= {{그림|엘살바도르 산살바도르 산라파엘 국립병원 응급실 페인트칠 봉사.jpg |타이틀= Emergency room repainting volunteer service at San Rafael National Hospital}}
|그림2= {{그림|엘살바도르 산살바도르 ASEZ WAO 하트투하트.jpg |타이틀= ASEZ WAO’s “Heart to Heart” project at National Medical Hospital}}
|그림3= {{그림|엘살바도르 산살바도르 하나님의 교회-국립보건연구원 감사장.jpg |타이틀=Certificate of Appreciation from the National Institute of Health}}
}}

==External links==
*{{인용 |url= https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20121220935 | title= The Church of God in San Salvador, El Salvador |website=WATV News |publisher= |date= |author= |series= |quote= }}
*{{인용 |url= https://news.watv.org/photo/content.asp?articleid=p20030831946 | title=Daegu Summer Universiade El Salvador Supporters |website= WATV News |publisher= |date= |author= |series= |quote= }}
*[https://elsalvadoriddsmm.org/ Iglesia de Dios Sociedad Misionera Mundial El Salvador]

==See also==
*[[The Church of God in South America]]

==References==
<references />

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[[Category:Church of God]]
[[Category:Churches Around the World]]

Hagar

2025-12-02T02:26:25Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:하갈]]{{성경인물
|image=[[file:광야로 쫓겨난 하갈과 이스마엘.jpg|thumb|center|Hagar and Ishmael: She Departed and Wandered in the Wilderness of Beer Sheba, Frederick Goodall, 1866]]
|title=Hagar
|Period=The Time of Abraham (estimated Bronze Age)
|Family='''Child''': Ishmael
|Birthplace=Egypt
|Occupation(Features)=Maidservant of Sarah, wife of Abraham<br>
Mother of Ishmael, forebear of the Arab peoples
|Activity area=Canaan, Wilderness of Paran
}}
'''Hagar''' (Hebrew: הָגָר,<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1904.htm Strong's Hebrew: 1904. הָגָר], ''Bible Hub''</ref> Greek: Ἁγάρ<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/28.htm Strong's Greek: 28. Ἄγαρ], ''Bible Hub''</ref>) was the Egyptian maidservant of Sarah, the wife of [[Abraham]]. Because [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] remained barren into old age, she gave Hagar to Abraham as a concubine in order to bear a child on her behalf. Hagar gave birth to [[Ishmael]], Abraham’s firstborn son.
==Historical Background==
Hagar is closely associated with Abraham, who lived during the Bronze Age in a tribal society. Abraham originally resided in Ur of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia and at the age of 75, he was called by [[God]] to migrate to [[Canaan]]. Because of a famine, he traveled to Egypt temporarily before returning to Canaan. By this time, Abraham had become a prominent tribal leader, able to command 318 trained men into battle.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2014%3A14&version=NIV|title=Genesis 14:14|quote= }}</ref> Hagar is introduced in the biblical narrative around ten years after Abraham settled in Canaan and is presumed to have been acquired during the family’s stay in Egypt.<ref>[https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/hagar/ Hagar], ''Bible Study Tools''</ref>

==Life and Events==
===Hagar Becomes Abraham’s Concubine===
By the time Abraham was about 85 years old, he remained childless and was concerned that he had no heir to inherit his estate. Although God had promised that an heir would come from his own body,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2015%3A2-4&version=NIV|title=Genesis 15:2-4}}</ref> his wife Sarah, already well beyond childbearing age and no longer menstruating, was distressed by her barrenness. In her concern, Sarah urged Abraham to take her maidservant Hagar as a concubine so that she might bear a child on her behalf.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2016%3A1-2&version=NIV|title=Genesis 16:1-2|quote= }}</ref> Abraham accepted the proposal after he had lived ten years in Canaan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2016%3A3&version=NIV|title=Genesis 16:3|quote= }}</ref> Hagar conceived and gave birth to Ishmael, Abraham’s firstborn son.
===Conflict Between Hagar and Sarah===
After Hagar conceived, she began to despise her mistress, Sarah. Distressed, Sarah complained to Abraham, saying, “I put my servant in your arms, and now that she knows she is pregnant, she despises me.” In reply, Abraham acknowledged that although Hagar was carrying his child, she remained under Sarah’s authority.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2016%3A5-6&version=NIV|title=Genesis 16:5-6|quote= }}</ref> Unwilling to tolerate Hagar’s contempt, Sarah treated her harshly. Unable to endure the mistreatment, Hagar fled into the wilderness. There, an angel of the LORD appeared to her, instructing her to return and submit to Sarah. Hagar obeyed and later gave birth to a son. At that time, Abraham was 86 years old, and he named the child.
{{quote5|내용=So '''Hagar''' bore Abram a son, and Abram gave the name Ishmael to the son she had borne. Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar bore him '''Ishmael'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+16%3A15-16&version=NIV Genesis 16:15–16]}}
===Expulsion===
[[file:Francesco Cozza 001.jpg |thumb|400px|''Hagar and the Angel in the Wilderness'', Francesco Cozza, 1665]]
God declared that Sarah, Abraham’s wife, would bear a son. As promised, Sarah gave birth to [[Isaac]] when Abraham was 100 years old.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2021%3A1-5&version=NIV|title=Genesis 21:1-5|quote= }}</ref> At that time, Ishmael, the son of Hagar, was 14 years old. Until Isaac’s birth, Ishmael had been Abraham’s only son and enjoyed the status of [[firstborn]]. However, God affirmed that His covenant would be established with Isaac, designating him as [[History of Abraham’s Family|Abraham’s heir]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A19-21&version=NIV |title=Genesis 17:19–21 |publisher= }}</ref>

During the feast celebrating Isaac’s weaning, Ishmael was seen mocking his younger brother. Sarah, recalling how Hagar had once looked on her with contempt after conceiving Ishmael, was angered that Hagar’s son now insulted her own. She insisted that the son of the slave woman should not share in the inheritance with her son Isaac<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2021%3A9-10&version=NIV|title=Genesis 21:9-10|quote= }}</ref> and demanded that Abraham expel Hagar and Ishmael.

Abraham was deeply troubled because Ishmael was his son. However, God told him not to be distressed about the boy or about Hagar and to follow Sarah’s request. The next morning, Abraham gave Hagar bread and water and sent her away with Ishmael. They wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba until the water was gone. In despair, Hagar wept, but an [[angel]] of God appeared and reassured her that God had heard the boy’s cries and that Ishmael would become the father of a great nation. God then opened her eyes to a well of water, enabling them to survive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2021%3A17-19&version=NIV|title=Genesis 21:17-19}}</ref> Later, while living in the Wilderness of Paran, Hagar arranged for Ishmael to marry an Egyptian woman.

===Formation of a New Nation===
Ishmael died at the age of 137. His descendants settled in the region stretching from Havilah to [https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/shur/ Shur], near Egypt and extending toward Assyria.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2025%3A17-18&version=NIV|title=Genesis 25:17-18|quote= }}</ref> This area corresponds to the northwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula, south of present-day Israel and Egypt. Ishmael had twelve sons, including Nebaioth and Kedar, who became the ancestors of tribes regarded as the foundation of the Arab people.

{{quote5|내용=This is the '''account of Abraham's son Ishmael''', whom Sarah's maidservant, Hagar the Egyptian, bore to Abraham. These are the names of the sons of Ishmael, listed in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael, and these are the names of the '''twelve tribal rulers''' according to their settlements and camps.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A12-16&version=NIV Genesis 25:12–16]}}
<small>{{참고|이스마엘|설명=더 자세한 내용은}}</small><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div>

==The Symbolic Meaning of Hagar==
In the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], Apostle [[Paul]], author of the book of [[Book of Galatians|Galatians]], presents a symbolic comparison between Hagar and Sarah, representing two covenants.
{{quote5|내용=For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. His son by the slave woman was born in the ordinary way; but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a promise. These things may be taken figuratively, for the '''women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar.''' Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children. But '''the Jerusalem that is above''' is free, and she is '''our mother'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A21-26&version=NIV Galatians 4:21–26]}}

In the New Testament, the Apostle Paul presents an allegory in which Hagar, the slave woman, is identified with the [[Old Covenant|old covenant]]—the '''[[The Law of Moses|Law of the Old Testament]]''' given at Mount Sinai—and with the '''earthly Jerusalem''', while Sarah, the free woman, is identified with the '''[[New Covenant|new covenant]]''' established by [[Christ]] and with the '''heavenly Jerusalem'''. In the [[History of Abraham’s Family|history of Abraham’s family]], Ishmael—born to the slave woman Hagar—did not inherit Abraham’s estate, whereas Isaac inherited it because his mother was Sarah, the free woman. This account illustrates which covenant believers must follow and whom they must believe in to inherit the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. Although Ishmael was Abraham’s firstborn, he was not made heir because he was born of the slave woman. In Christian interpretation, this signifies that humanity, bound under sin and death, cannot receive the inheritance of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]]—that is, salvation—through the old covenant, which was imperfect.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+8%3A7-13&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 8:7–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> While Hagar symbolizes the old covenant and the earthly [[Jerusalem]], Sarah symbolizes the new covenant and the [[New Jerusalem|heavenly Jerusalem]]. The [[Bible]] testifies that the '''heavenly Jerusalem''' is the Mother of the saved—“'''[[Heavenly Mother]]'''''.''”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians%204%3A26&version=NIV|title=Galatians 4:26|quote= }}</ref> Just as Isaac inherited through Sarah, the free woman, so believers who keep the perfected new covenant and receive [[God the Mother]], who is the reality of the new covenant, will inherit the kingdom of heaven and receive eternal life.

==See also==
*[[New Covenant]]
*[[Abraham]]
*[[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)]]
*[[Isaac]]
*[[Ishmael]]
*[[History of Abraham’s Family]]
*[[God the Mother]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Figures]]

Enoch

2025-12-02T02:26:15Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:에녹]]{{성경인물
|image=[[File:Figures God took Enoch.jpg |thumb|center| 250px |''Enoch’s Ascension Without Experiencing Death'', Gerard Hoet, 1728]]
|title=Enoch
|Period=The Time of Adam
|Occupation(Features)=
|Activity area=
|Major achievements=Walked with God for 300 years and<br>
ascended to heaven without experiencing death
|Family='''Father''': Jared (6th generation from Adam)<br>
'''Son''': Methuselah}}
'''Enoch''' (Hebrew: חֲנוֹךְ‎<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/2585.htm Strong's Hebrew: 2585. חֲנוֹך], ''Bible Hub''</ref>, ''Hanokh'') is a figure in the Old Testament who walked with [[God]]<ref name=":0">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+5%3A1-23&version=NIV Genesis 5:1–23]. </ref> and was taken to heaven without experiencing death. He was the seventh generation from [[Adam]], the first man, and the father of Methuselah. Enoch is distinct from another biblical figure of the same name, the son of Cain, who was Adam’s [[firstborn]]. The name ''Enoch'' is commonly interpreted to mean “dedicated,” “obedient one,” or “follower.”<ref>[https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/enoch/ Enoch], ''Bible Study Tools''</ref> In the Old Testament, only Enoch and the prophet Elijah are described as having [[Ascension|ascended]] to heaven without dying.<ref name=":1">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+2%3A11&version=NIV 2 Kings 2:11]</ref>

==Historical Background==
<small>{{참고|Adam|Eve|Cain and Abel}}</small>According to the book of Genesis, Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden after disobeying God’s command. They later had two sons, [[Cain and Abel]]. When both brothers presented [[Sacrifices in the Old Testament|offerings]] to God, Abel’s animal sacrifice was accepted, but Cain’s offering of crops was not. In anger, Cain killed Abel, committing the first murder recorded in the Bible.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+4%3A1-8&version=NIV Genesis 4:1–8]. </ref> As punishment, Cain was banished to the land of Nod, east of Eden.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+4%3A16&version=NIV Genesis 4:16]</ref> After the loss of both sons, Adam and Eve had another son named Seth. From Seth’s lineage came Jared, who became the father of Enoch.<ref name=":0" />

==The Life and Character of Enoch==
===Walking With God===
{{quote5 |내용= When Enoch had lived 65 years, he became the father of Methuselah. And after he became the father of Methuselah, Enoch '''walked with God 300 years''' and had other sons and daughters. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+5%3A21-22&version=NIV Genesis 5:21–22]}}

According to Genesis, Enoch became the father of Methuselah at the age of 65 and afterward “walked with God” for 300 years, living a total of 365 years. This means he spent the majority of his life in close fellowship with God. Enoch’s great-grandson [[Noah]] was likewise described as walking with God<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+6%3A9&version=NIV Genesis 6:9]</ref> and was regarded as a righteous man who obeyed God’s commands, building the [[Noah’s Ark|ark]] that saved his family from the flood. Enoch is traditionally viewed as having lived a life of purity and faithfulness to God’s will. His exemplary faith is highlighted in the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], where he is included among the ancestors of faith in the book of [[Book of Hebrews|Hebrews]].<ref name=":3">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+11%3A1-5&version=NIV Hebrews 11:1–5].</ref>

===Ascension Alive===
While the [[Bible]] often records that individuals lived a certain number of years and then died, the account of Enoch is exceptional. After living 365 years, the text does not state that “Enoch died,” but instead records, “Enoch was no more, because God took him away.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+5%3A24&version=NIV Genesis 5:24]</ref> The book of Hebrews further affirms this, stating:

{{quote5 |내용= By faith Enoch '''was taken from this life, so that he did not experience death'''; he could not be found, because God had taken him away. For before he was taken, he was commended as '''one who pleased God'''.|출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+11%3A5&version=NIV Hebrews 11:5]}}

This account confirms that Enoch ascended to heaven without experiencing death, as he was commended for pleasing God. In the Old Testament, only Enoch and the prophet [[Elijah]] are recorded as having been taken to heaven without dying; Elijah was carried up in a chariot of fire with horses of fire.<ref name=":1" /> In the New Testament, [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] is described as [[Ascension|ascending]] to heaven forty days after His [[resurrection]], which took place three days after the [[crucifixion]].<ref name=":2">[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+1%3A8-9&version=NIV Acts 1:8–9]</ref>

==Lesson==
Enoch is regarded as a forefather of faith for “walking with God” over a period of 300 years. In biblical interpretation, '''to walk with God''' signifies '''living in accordance with God’s will and remaining in fellowship with God'''. In the New Testament era, this concept is often understood as following the example of [[Christ]], who revealed the way of salvation.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A15&version=NIV John 13:15]</ref> Throughout history, those who walk with God are portrayed as recipients of His blessing and salvation,<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews%2011&version=NIV Hebrews 11]. </ref> a theme echoed in the depiction of believers who follow [[Christ]] wherever He leads.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+14%3A3-4&version=NIV Revelation 14:3–4].</ref>

==See also==
*[[Noah]]
*[[Elijah]]
*[[Ascension]]
*[[The Ascension of Jesus]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category: Biblical Figures]]

Overseer (Episkopos)

2025-12-01T05:52:08Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:감독]]'''Overseer''' (Greek: ''episkopos'') is one of several titles used in the New Testament—alongside ''[[elder]]'' (''presbyteros'') and ''pastor'' (''poimēn'')—to describe those entrusted with leadership, governance, and pastoral care within the [[Church]]. As the Church developed beyond the apostolic age and adopted a more organized structure, the office of overseer gradually emerged as the highest position of authority in local congregations.

==Etymology and Usage==
The Greek word '''''episkopos''''' (ἐπίσκοπος),<ref>[https://www.blueletterbible.org/lexicon/g1985/kjv/tr/0-1/ ἐπίσκοπος], ''Blue Letter Bible''</ref> used in the [[The New Testament|New Testament]], is derived from ''epi'' (ἐπί),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/1909.htm Strong's Greek: 1909. ἐπί], ''Bible Hub''</ref> meaning “over,” and ''skopos'' (σκοπός),<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/4649.htm Strong's Greek: 4649. σκοπός], ''Bible Hub''</ref> meaning “watcher” or “guardian.”<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/1985.htm Strong's Greek: 1985. ἐπίσκοπος], ''Bible Hub''</ref> The term thus signifies one who exercises oversight, with responsibility and authority to guide and care for the Church.<br>As Gentile evangelism expanded, the title “overseer” came into broader use.<ref>David A. Mappes, [https://www.galaxie.com/article/bsac154-614-03 The New Testament Elder, Overseer, and Pastor], ''Bibliotheca Sacra'' 154, no. 614, April 1997</ref> After the deaths of the [[Apostle|apostles]], the Church experienced growing pressures—both from Roman persecution and the spread of [[Heresy|heretical]] teachings—and required stronger leadership. In this context, overseers were appointed as the principal leaders of regional churches, charged with preserving doctrine and guiding the faithful.<ref>[https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionaries/bakers-evangelical-dictionary/overseer.html Overseer], ''Bible Study Tools''</ref><ref>[https://www.bibleref.com/1-Timothy/3/1-Timothy-3-1.html What does 1 Timothy 3:1 mean?], ''Bible Ref''</ref>

==Role and Qualifications==
An overseer is described in the New Testament as a [[gospel]] worker appointed by the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] to shepherd the Church, which was purchased with the blood of [[God]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts#20 |title=Acts 20:28 |quote= }}</ref> The responsibilities of an overseer include caring for the congregation, teaching sound doctrine, and rebuking those who oppose the truth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7-9&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7–9 |quote= }}</ref> Apostle Peter refers to [[Christ]] as the “Shepherd and Overseer of your souls,” highlighting His role in guiding and protecting the flock, which symbolizes the members of the Church.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+2%3A25&version=NIV |title=1 Peter 2:25 |quote= }}</ref>

The books of [[Titus]] and [[1 Timothy]] outline in detail the qualifications required for those appointed to the office of overseer.
*Being blameless<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:1–2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A5-7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:5–7 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being disciplined<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A8&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:8 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being self-controlled<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A8&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:8 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being respectable<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:2 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being hospitable<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A8&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:8 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being able to teach<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A2&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:2 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not given to drunkenness<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:3 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not violent but gentle<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:3 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:3 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not quarrelsome<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:3 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not a lover of money<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A3&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:3 |quote= }}</ref>
*Managing one’s own family well<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A4-5&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:4–5 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being well-regarded by outsiders<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A7&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 3:7 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not overbearing or quick-tempered<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7 |quote= }}</ref>
*Not pursuing dishonest gain<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:7 |quote= }}</ref>
*Loving what is good<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A9&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:9 |quote= }}</ref>
*Being righteous and holy<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A8&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:8 |quote= }}</ref>
*Holding firmly to God’s word<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Titus+1%3A9&version=NIV |title=Titus 1:9 |quote= }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Church]]
*[[Elder]]
*[[Deacon(ess)]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category: Biblical Terms]]

Interpretation of the Bible

2025-12-01T05:51:55Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 해석]]The interpretation of the Bible differs to some extent among [[Church|churches]] and denominations. However, the [[Bible]] cannot be rightly understood through human knowledge alone. True understanding is granted only to those who receive wisdom and insight from the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]]. According to biblical prophecy, the one who is qualified to interpret the Bible correctly is the [[The Root of David|Root of David]].

==The Bible Written by the Inspiration of the Holy Spirit==
Although many commentaries based on personal opinion are widely available, interpretations vary because readers approach the Bible through their own learning and perspectives, often subjectively.<br>No matter how intelligent a person may be, or how many times they read the Bible, human wisdom alone is insufficient to interpret them correctly or to grasp the mysteries of salvation they contain. This is because the Bible was written by [[God]], who inspired the prophets through the Holy Spirit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+3%3A16&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 3:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, only under the guidance of the Holy Spirit can the true meaning of the Scriptures be understood.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+2%3A10&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 2:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= Above all, you must understand that no prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet’s own interpretation of things. For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+1%3A20-21&version=NIV 2 Peter 1:20–21]}}

==Interpretation of the Bible and the Root of David==
===The Sealed Book of God===
The Bible cannot be properly interpreted merely by professing belief in God. The book of [[Isaiah]] foretold that the Bible would one day become like a sealed book to the people.
{{quote5 |내용= The Lord says: “These people come near to me with their mouth and honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me. Their worship of me is made up only of rules taught by men.
Therefore once more I will astound these people with wonder upon wonder; the wisdom of the wise will perish, the intelligence of the intelligent will vanish.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+29%3A13-14&version=NIV Isaiah 29:13–14]}}

God declared that He would remove the wisdom and understanding of those who claim to believe in Him yet follow the [[Teachings of Men|commandments of men]] instead of God’s. When people forsake [[The Commandments of God|God’s commandments]] in favor of man-made rules, they lose wisdom and discernment, and the revelation of God becomes to them like the words of a sealed book. No matter how often they read the Bible, they cannot comprehend its mysteries.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+29%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 29:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

This prophecy was fulfilled after the apostolic age, when the church lost the truth. Jesus had preached the [[gospel]] of the new covenant—including the [[Passover]] and the [[Sabbath]]—for the salvation of humanity, and then [[Ascension|ascended]] to heaven. However, history records that after the apostles, who had been directly taught by Jesus, passed away, the church gradually became secularized. As a result, the truths of the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] such as the Sabbath and the Passover disappeared, while commandments of men, such as [[Lord’s Day Worship (Sunday Worship)|Sunday worship]] and [[Christmas]], became widespread. Thus, the Bible, which was given for the salvation of humanity, became a sealed book to the people.

===The Root of David Unseals the Bible===
[[File:John in the island of Patmos.jpg|thumb|200px|''John on the Island of Patmos'' from ''The Story of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation,'' 1873]]
<small>{{참고|The Root of David|설명=}}</small>
[[John (Apostle)|Apostle John]] recorded that there is only one who can open the sealed Bible and interpret it correctly: the Root of David.

{{quote5 |내용= Then I saw in the right hand of him who sat on the throne a scroll with writing on both sides and sealed with seven seals. And I saw a mighty angel proclaiming in a loud voice, “Who is worthy to break the seals and open the scroll?” But no one in heaven or on earth or under the earth could open the scroll or even look inside it. I wept and wept because no one was found who was worthy to open the scroll or look inside. Then one of the elders said to me, “Do not weep! See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the '''Root of David''', has triumphed. He is able to open the scroll and its seven seals.”|출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+5%3A1-5&version=NIV Revelation 5:1–5]}}

The Root of David refers to [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A16&version=NIV |title=Revelation 22:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> but Revelation 5:6 further identifies Him as “the Lamb who had been slain,”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+5%3A6&version=NIV |title=Revelation 5:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> showing that the Root of David is not the Jesus of the first coming but the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Jesus of the second coming]]. The phrase ''“''the Lamb who had been slain” signifies Jesus’ sacrifice on the [[cross]], thereby pointing to His appearance after the [[crucifixion]]. When the Bible, written for the salvation of humanity, remains completely sealed, leaving no one able to attain salvation,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+18%3A8&version=NIV |title=Luke 18:8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> the only one qualified to reveal its true meaning is the Root of David—that is, the Second Coming Jesus. No theologian or religious leader is able to interpret the Bible correctly. The Bible also warns that those who attempt to interpret God’s word without understanding do so to their own destruction.

{{quote5 |내용= He writes the same way in all his letters, speaking in them of these matters. His letters contain some things that are hard to understand, which ignorant and unstable people distort, as they do the other Scriptures, to their own destruction. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+3%3A16&version=NIV 2 Peter 3:16]}}

==The Prerequisite for Understanding the Bible==
The teachings of the Bible revealed by the Root of David cannot be understood by just anyone. To receive this understanding, one must keep the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]] and be cleansed by the blood of [[Christ]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A7-20&version=NIV |title=Luke 22:7–20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> When a person is purified through the blood of the Passover Lamb, the Holy Spirit comes to dwell within them.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A53-56&version=NIV |title=John 6:53–56 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> With the presence of the Holy Spirit, they are given the wisdom to comprehend the Bible, which contains the will and word of God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+2%3A7-10&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 2:7–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, in accordance with the riches of God's grace that he lavished on us with all wisdom and understanding. And he made known to us the mystery of his will according to his good pleasure, which he purposed in Christ. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+1%3A7-9&version=NIV Ephesians 1:7–9]}}

While some receive wisdom and come to understand God’s word, the Bible also speaks of the wicked—those who are unable to understand it at all.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+12%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Daniel 12:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> According to the Bible, the wicked are those who forsake God’s commandments and instead follow the commandments of men.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Nehemiah+13%3A17&version=NIV |title=Nehemiah 13:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+29%3A13-14&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 29:13–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Since the Bible was written by the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, only those who receive the true Christ and keep God’s commandments can understand it through the Holy Spirit’s guidance.

==See also==
*[[The Root of David]]
*[[Bible]]
*[[The Role of the Bible]]
*[[The Original Languages of the Bible]]
*[[The Writers of the Bible]]
*[[The Theme of the Bible]]
*[[Authority and Preservation of the Bible]]
*[[Composition of the Bible]]
*[[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)]]

==External links==

* [https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:God the Father]]

The Theme of the Bible

2025-12-01T05:51:45Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 주제]]The central themes of the Bible are the '''salvation of humanity''' and '''[[God]], the Savior of humanity'''. These two principles permeate the entirety of the Bible. God gave the [[Bible]] so that people may follow the path of salvation revealed within it and ultimately enter eternal heaven. Through the Bible, God also intended for humanity to come to know [[Christ]].

==The Salvation of Humanity==
While many read the Bible for intellectual curiosity, practical wisdom, or moral instruction, its primary purpose is often overlooked—even among [[Christian|Christians]] who regard it as the word of God. [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] Himself explained the purpose and central theme of the Bible, declaring that it testifies about Him.
{{quote5 |내용= “You study the Scriptures diligently because you think that in them you have eternal life. These are the very Scriptures that testify about me.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A39&version=NIV John 5:39]}}
''Eternal life'' is directly connected to the salvation of humanity. [[Kingdom of Heaven|Heaven]] is a place where death does not exist,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A4&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> meaning that only those who have received eternal life—those who will never die—can enter. Yet human beings seldom live even a hundred years, and no one born into this world has ever escaped death. God, the [[The Creator|Creator]] of life and the only being who possesses eternal life, has revealed through the Bible the way for humanity to be saved from sin and death, to receive eternal life, and ultimately to enter the kingdom of heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A47-58&version=NIV |title=John 6:47–58 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+26%3A17-28&version=NIV |title=Matthew 26:17–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><br>The Bible also contains teachings intended to transform people into God’s children, reflecting His character. By understanding and obeying these teachings, one can gain the wisdom that leads to salvation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+3%3A15&version=NIV |title=2 Timothy 3:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==God the Savior==
In John 5:39, Jesus declared that the Scriptures testify about Him as the Savior and emphasized that eternal life is found within them. Thus, the central theme of the Bible is its testimony about God, who came to this earth in the flesh to save humanity from sin and death. Only through the word of the Bible can humankind come to know the Savior rightly and receive salvation.

{{quote5 |내용= The mystery that has been kept hidden for ages and generations, but is now disclosed to the saints. . . . the glorious riches of this mystery, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. . . . the mystery of God, namely, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+1%3A26-2%3A3&version=NIV Colossians 1:26–2:3]}}

Recognizing Christ—[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|God who came in the flesh]] to save humanity—is the mystery of God, within whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. The Bible contains this profound mystery—the most precious treasure. Those who fully believe that the Bible is the word of God and diligently search it will come to discover Christ—the treasure hidden for ages and generations—and in doing so will receive eternal life and salvation.

==See also==
*[[Bible]]
*[[The Role of the Bible]]
*[[The Original Languages of the Bible]]
*[[The Writers of the Bible]]
*[[Interpretation of the Bible]]
*[[Authority and Preservation of the Bible]]
*[[Composition of the Bible]]

==External links==
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/christ/purpose-of-bible/ The Purpose of the Bible], Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

The Role of the Bible

2025-12-01T05:51:37Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:성경의 역할]]The Bible plays a central role '''in testifying about the Savior''' and imparting the '''wisdom that leads humanity to salvation'''. As a '''prophetic book''' containing God’s plan of redemption, it enables humanity to understand and participate in the history of salvation. The [[Bible]] has often been described metaphorically as a “spiritual telescope,” revealing [[Christ]], and a “guidebook,” leading humanity to the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]].

==The Prophetic Book==
The Bible also functions as both a spiritual telescope and a microscope, unveiling the existence of the invisible God. A defining characteristic of the Bible is its prophetic nature. [[God]]’s word, once spoken, is always fulfilled without fail.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+18%3A21-22&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 18:21–22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> While human beings cannot know what tomorrow will bring,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs+27%3A1&version=NIV |title=Proverbs 27:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+12%3A20&version=NIV |title=Luke 12:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> the Bible contains prophecies that foretold events decades, centuries, or even millennia in advance. These have been fulfilled precisely as recorded,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+8%3A1%2C&version=NIV |title=Daniel 8:1, 20-22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+18%3A17-18&version=NIV |title=Deuteronomy 18:17–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+3%3A20-24&version=NIV |title=Acts 3:20–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> providing clear evidence of the existence of God, who declares the future and brings it to pass.

The Bible outlines the plan of salvation devised by the omniscient and omnipotent God,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+46%3A10&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 46:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> who sees the end from the beginning. It is not merely a historical record but a revelation of what God will accomplish in the future. Numerous biblical prophecies have been fulfilled in history.<br>For instance, approximately 170 years in advance, the Bible predicted that [[Cyrus (II)|Cyrus II]] of Persia would conquer [[Babylon|Babylon (Neo-Babylonian Empire)]] and free the Israelites from [[Babylonian Captivity|captivity]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+45%3A1-13&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 45:1–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezra+1%3A1-3&version=NIV |title=Ezra 1:1–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Likewise, it foretold the sufferings of Jesus—including His scourging, piercing by nails and a spear, and afflictions—approximately 700 years before His coming,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A1-5&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:1–5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A26-30&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:26–30, 35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+19%3A34&version=NIV |title=John 19:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> as well as the events following His death.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A9&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A38%2C&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:38, 57-60 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Because of the precision and clarity of such prophecies, the Apostle Peter referred to Scripture as the “word of the prophets made more certain:

{{quote5 |내용= And we have the word of the prophets made more certain, and you will do well to pay attention to it, as to a light shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts. Above all, you must understand that no prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet's own interpretation. For prophecy never had its origin in the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+1%3A19-21&version=NIV 2 Peter 1:19–21]}}

Although many predictions seemed difficult to believe at the time of their recording, they have been fulfilled without exception. For this reason, believers are urged to pay close attention to prophecy, holding to the conviction that every word of the Bible will be accomplished.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Thessalonians+5%3A20&version=NIV |title=1 Thessalonians 5:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Understanding these prophecies is regarded as essential for participating in God’s work of redemption and ultimately receiving salvation.

==Testimony About the Savior==
[[file:Brooklyn Museum - The Pilgrims of Emmaus on the Road (Les pèlerins d'Emmaüs en chemin) - James Tissot.jpg|thumb| 300px |''The Pilgrims of Emmaus on the Road'', James Tissot (1836–1902): The resurrected Jesus appeared to two disciples on the road to Emmaus and made Himself known to them through the Scriptures.]]
The primary role of the Bible is to testify about the Savior. According to the Gospel of John, [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] declared that the Scriptures testify about Him as the Savior.

{{quote5 |내용= “You study the Scriptures diligently because you think that in them you have eternal life. These are the very Scriptures that testify about me.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A39&version=NIV John 5:39]}}

Since Jesus affirmed that the Scriptures testify about the Savior, searching the Bible is regarded as the surest way to recognize Him. The Savior and the Bible are therefore inseparably connected. After His resurrection, Jesus appeared to two disciples on the road to Emmaus and explained what was said in all the Scriptures concerning Himself.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A27&version=NIV |title=Luke 24:27 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the same way, members of the early Church testified through the Scriptures that Jesus is the Christ.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+17%3A2-3&version=NIV |title=Acts 17:2–3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+8%3A30%2C&version=NIV |title=Acts 8:30, 35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This reflects the belief that only through the Bible can the Savior be rightly recognized.

==Providing Wisdom and Instruction==
The Bible serves to impart the knowledge and instruction necessary for salvation. According to Christian teaching, God gave the Bible for the redemption of humanity. Within it is contained the teachings that, when fully understood and obeyed, provide the wisdom that leads to eternal life. This wisdom includes knowledge of the Savior and the truth of salvation. In addition, the Bible offers guidance on proper conduct and character, leading believers to be renewed in the likeness of God. Throughout its pages, God’s love is expressed in His desire to perfect His people so that they may reign eternally in the kingdom of heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A5&version=NIV |title=Revelation 22:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= And how from infancy you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Timothy+3%3A15-17&version=NIV 2 Timothy 3:15–17]}}

==See also==
*[[Bible]]
*[[The Original Languages of the Bible]]
*[[The Writers of the Bible]]
*[[The Theme of the Bible]]
*[[Interpretation of the Bible]]
*[[Authority and Preservation of the Bible]]
*[[Composition of the Bible]]

==References==
<references />

{{성경 둘러보기}}

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Bible]]

The New Name on a White Stone: The New Name of Jesus

2025-12-01T05:51:27Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:흰 돌 위의 새 이름 (예수님의 새 이름)]]The phrase “'''the new name on a white stone'''” appears in Revelation 2:17, where [[Jesus Christ]] promises to give a white stone with a new name written on it to those who overcome. This prophecy signifies that Christ will appear again in the last days with a new name. To accept [[God]] means to believe in His name;<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A12&version=NIV |title=John 1:12 |quote= }}</ref> therefore, those who recognize and believe in the new name written on the white stone are the ones who receive the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]].

==The Meaning of the White Stone==
In [[Revelation]] 2:17, it is written about a “white stone” inscribed with a “new name.”
{{quote5 |내용=He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To him who overcomes, I will give some of the hidden manna. I will also give him a '''white stone''' with a '''new name written on it''', known only to him who receives it. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+2%3A17&version=NIV Revelation 2:17]}}
===Biblical Symbolism of Christ as a Stone===
In the [[Bible]], the term “stone” is often used symbolically to represent [[Christ]]. In the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], it was prophesied that the [[Jehovah|LORD]] would become “a stone that causes people to stumble and a rock that makes them fall” for both [[Northern Kingdom of Israel|Israel]] and [[Southern Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], and that He would lay “a precious cornerstone in [[Zion]].” These prophecies reveal that Christ is the spiritual foundation upon which salvation is built.
*The LORD Almighty is the one you are to regard as holy . . . '''for both houses of Israel he will be a stone that causes men to stumble and a rock that makes them fall.''' ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+8%3A13-14&version=NIV Isaiah 8:13–14])
*So this is what the Sovereign LORD says: “See, I lay a stone in Zion, a tested stone, a precious '''cornerstone''' for a sure foundation” ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+28%3A16&version=NIV Isaiah 28:16])
*The stone the builders rejected has become the '''capstone'''; the LORD has done this, and it is marvelous in our eyes. ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Psalms+118%3A22-23&version=NIV Psalm 118:22–23])

===Jesus as the Living Stone===
These prophecies were fulfilled by Jesus. In other words, Jesus is one with the LORD God Himself—[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)|God who came in the flesh]] to bring salvation to people.
{{quote5 |내용=He is “ ‘the '''stone you builders rejected''', which has become the '''capstone'''.’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A11&version=NIV Acts 4:11]}}{{quote5 |내용=As you come to '''him [Jesus], the living Stone'''—rejected by men but chosen by God and precious to him—. . . For in Scripture it says: “See, I lay a stone in Zion, a chosen and precious '''cornerstone''' . . .” But to those who do not believe, “'''The stone the builders rejected has become the capstone''',” and, “A '''stone that causes men to stumble and a rock that makes them fall.'''” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+2%3A4-8&version=NIV 1 Peter 2:4–8]}}

Jesus was a precious stone to those who rightly accepted Him as the Christ; however, to those who did not believe, He became “a stone that causes people to stumble and a rock that makes them fall.” The Jews and the religious leaders of His time criticized [[Appearance and Living Environment of Jesus|His humble life and environment]], ultimately rejecting Him and failing to recognize Him as the Savior.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A41-42&version=NIV |title=John 6:41–42 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A14-15&version=NIV |title=John 7:14–15 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A37-38&version=NIV |title=Luke 11:37–38 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+11%3A18-19&version=NIV |title=Matthew 11:18–19 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+15%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Luke 15:1–2 |quote= }}</ref> As prophesied in the Old Testament, God concealed His glory and came in the flesh to lay the foundation of salvation—but those who could not discern Him stumbled because of Him.

In the same way, the “white stone” mentioned in Revelation 2:17 symbolizes Jesus. Therefore, the “new name on the white stone” refers to the new name of Jesus at His Second Coming. This is further confirmed in Revelation 3:12, which declares:{{quote5 |내용=“Him who overcomes I will make a pillar in the temple of my God. Never again will he leave it. I will write on him the name of my God and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which is coming down out of heaven from my God; and I will also write on him '''my new name'''.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+3%3A12&version=NIV Revelation 3:12]}}
==Jesus’ New Name==
Jesus said, ''“I will give a white stone with a new name written on it, known only to the one who receives it.”<ref name="계 2:17">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+2%3A17&version=NIV |title=Revelation 2:17 |quote= }}</ref>'' Although Jesus had already come as the precious cornerstone, He promised to give a white stone with a new name—signifying that He would come again in the flesh, bearing a different name.
{{quote5 |내용=So '''Christ''' was sacrificed once to take away the sins of many people; and he will appear a '''second time''', not to bear sin, but to bring '''salvation''' to those who are waiting for him. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A28&version=NIV Hebrews 9:28]}}

The Christ who appears a second time to bring salvation—that is, the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Jesus]]—will come in the last days with a new name. God’s work of redemption unfolds in three distinct ages: the Age of the [[God the Father (Jehovah)|Father]], the Age of the [[God the Son (Jesus)|Son]], and the Age of the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]]. In each age, God carries out the work of salvation under a different name. In the Age of the Father, He worked in the name of ''[[Jehovah]]''; in the Age of the Son, in the name of ''[[Jesus Christ|Jesus]]''; and in the Age of the Holy Spirit, He works in the ''new name of Jesus''—the name of the Second Coming Christ.
{{quote5 |내용=“Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the '''name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit'''.” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+28%3A19&version=NIV Matthew 28:19]}}

According to the biblical teaching of the [[Trinity]], the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are not separate beings but one and the same [[God the Father]], who fulfills different roles across the ages. However, the name of the Father differs from that of the Son, and the name of the Holy Spirit differs from both. The name of the Holy Spirit, as prophesied in the book of Revelation, is the new name of Jesus. The time when Jesus comes with this new name is the Age of the Holy Spirit. In the Age of the Father, those who believed in and called upon the name of Jehovah were saved.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Joel+2%3A32&version=NIV |title=Joel 2:32 |quote= }}</ref> When the age changed to the Age of the Son, salvation was given to those who believed in and confessed the name of Jesus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+10%3A9-13&version=NIV |title=Romans 10:9–13 |quote= }}</ref> Likewise, in the Age of the Holy Spirit, salvation is granted to those who recognize and call upon the Second Coming Christ, who comes with a new name.

==The Mystery of God: The New Name==
[[Christ]] is the mystery of God, hidden for ages and generations.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+1%3A26&version=NIV |title=Colossians 1:26 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Colossians+2%3A2&version=NIV |title=Colossians 2:2 |quote= }}</ref> To know Christ—the One who grants salvation—is to understand this divine mystery. Yet, the mysteries of the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]] are not revealed to everyone.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A10-13&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:10–13 |quote= }}</ref> Two thousand years ago, the members of the early Church recognized Jesus as the Savior and were saved by calling on His name.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A10-12&version=NIV |title=John 1:10–12 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+16%3A13-19&version=NIV |title=Matthew 16:13–19 |quote= }}</ref> In contrast, the religious leaders and many Jews of that time failed to recognize Him and ultimately [[Cross|crucified]] Him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A17-26&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:17–26 |quote= }}</ref>

In this present age, the mystery is the Second Coming Christ. According to Revelation 2:17, the new name written on the white stone is known only to those who receive it<ref name="계 2:17" />—showing that even now, some will recognize the Second Coming Christ while others will not. Therefore, in the Age of the Holy Spirit, salvation is granted to those who receive the new name written on the white stone—that is, those who recognize, accept, and call upon the name of the Second Coming Christ.

==See also==
*[[Ahnsahnghong]]
*[[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)]]
*[[Name of God]]
*[[The Holy Spirit]]
*[[Trinity]]

==External links==
*[https://ahnsahnghong.com/en/christ/second-coming-jesus/ Christ Ahnsahnghong Official Website]
*[https://watv.org/ Church of God Official Website]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:God the Father]]
[[Category:Second Coming Christ]]

Parables of Jesus

2025-11-28T01:44:22Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:예수님의 비유]]'''The parables of Jesus''' are teachings of [[Christ]], which reveal the providence of salvation by comparing heavenly truths to familiar objects or situations. [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] used parables to help people understand the principles of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]] and salvation more easily. He also explained that He spoke in parables because there is a distinction between those who are permitted to know the secrets of the kingdom of heaven and those who are not.<ref name="비유로 말씀">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Through these parables, Jesus conveyed the words of truth essential for salvation, allowing those with open hearts to grasp the mysteries of God’s redemptive plan.

==The Reason Jesus Spoke in Parables==
There are two main reasons why Jesus spoke in parables. A parable, by definition, is “a way of explaining something by comparing it to a familiar phenomenon or object.” In general, parables are used to help listeners understand complex ideas more easily, and Jesus used them for this very purpose. Human understanding is limited. With our physical senses, we cannot fully perceive things that are far away, like the vast universe, or things too small to see, like microorganisms. How much more difficult, then, is it to comprehend the invisible spiritual world? For this reason, Jesus used parables to reveal the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven and the principles of salvation in ways that people could understand.<ref>Chapter 20 The Human Soul Continues to Exist Even After Death, VISITORS FROM THE ANGELIC WORLD, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', 2009</ref>

The second reason Jesus spoke in parables is that there is a distinction between those who are permitted to know the secrets of the kingdom of heaven and those who are not.<ref name="비유로 말씀" /> In [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2013&version=NIV Matthew 13], Jesus spoke to the crowds in parables, but later, when they had departed, He explained their meanings privately to His disciples. This shows that Jesus used parables to separate those who would truly hear and accept the truth from those who would not. This distinction was also prophesied in the [[Isaiah|book of Isaiah]] in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+6%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 6:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, Jesus said that those who have eyes to see and ears to hear the truth of salvation are truly blessed.<ref name="보고 들음으로 복이 있도다">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A13-16&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:13–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>{{quote |By using parables, He preached the gospel and uttered things hidden since the creation of the world (Mt 13:34–35); He wanted to reveal the profound truth about the previous world and the soul. None of the various parables are untrue.|Ahnsahnghong, ''Visitors From the Angelic World'', Melchizedek Publishing, 2009, pp. 75–76}}

==The Main Parables of Jesus==
The parables spoken by Jesus are deeply connected to salvation. Through them, He revealed profound truths about the spiritual identity of humanity,<ref name="잃은 양">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+15%3A4-7&version=NIV |title=Luke 15:4–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> the Savior whom we must receive to enter the kingdom of heaven,<ref name="천국 혼인잔치">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+22%3A1-14&version=NIV |title=Matthew 22:1–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="어린양의 아내">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+19%3A7-9&version=NIV |title=Revelation 19:7–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="성령과 신부">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&version=NIV |title=Revelation 22:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and the standards by which truth is distinguished from falsehood.<ref name="가라지와 알곡">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A36-42&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:36–42 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He also shared many other parables concerning salvation—teaching about the incomparable value of the kingdom of heaven<ref name="밭에 감추인 보화">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A44&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:44 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and the virtues of humility and meekness that God’s people should possess.<ref name="바리새인과 세리의 기도">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+18%3A10-14&version=NIV |title=Luke 18:10–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 19%;" |'''Parable'''
!'''Scripture'''
! style="width: 35%;" |'''Content'''
! style="width: 35%;" |'''Meaning'''
|-
|The Lost Sheep
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2015%3A4%E2%80%937&version=NIV Lk 15:4–7]
|

A shepherd who loses one of his one hundred sheep rejoices greatly when he finds it.
|In this parable, the shepherd represents Jesus, the ninety-nine sheep represent the righteous in heaven, and the one lost sheep symbolizes sinners on earth. Just as the shepherd rejoices when he finds his lost sheep, Jesus rejoices greatly when even one sinner repents and returns to Him.<ref name="잃어버린 자">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2019%3A10&version=NIV|title=Luke 19:10|publisher=|quote= }}</ref><ref name="죄인 부르러">{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%209%3A13&version=NIV|title=Matthew 9:13|publisher=|quote= }}</ref>
|-
|The Rich Man and Lazarus
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2016%3A19%E2%80%9329&version=NIV Lk 16:19–29]
|In this parable, both the rich man and Lazarus die and enter the spiritual world. The rich man finds himself in [[hell]], while Lazarus is comforted in heaven, at [[Abraham]]’s side.
|This parable teaches that life on this earth is not everything—that beyond death lies a spiritual world consisting of heaven and hell. Therefore, while we are still alive, we must listen to God’s word and put it into practice, preparing for the eternal life to come.
|-
|The House Built on the Rock
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%207%3A24%E2%80%9327&version=NIV Mt 7:24–27]
|When the rain falls and floods rise, the house built on the rock stands firm, but the house built on the sand collapses.
|The one who hears and practices God’s word is like the wise man who built his house upon the rock, while the one who hears but does not put it into practice is like the foolish man who built his house upon the sand.
|-
|The Weeds and Wheat
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2013%3A24%E2%80%9330%3B%2036%E2%80%9342&version=NIV Mt 13:24–30; 36–42]
|After a farmer sows good seed in his field, an enemy comes and scatters weeds among the wheat. When the plants begin to grow, the servants notice the weeds and ask if they should pull them up. The owner tells them to let both grow together until the harvest, lest they uproot the wheat by mistake. At harvest time, the wheat is gathered and stored in the barn, while the weeds are tied in bundles and thrown into the fire.
|In this parable, the owner represents Jesus, the field symbolizes the world, the good seed refers to the sons of the kingdom, and the weeds represent the sons of the evil one. The enemy who sows the weeds is the devil, and the harvest signifies the end of the age. This parable is a prophecy that after [[The Ascension of Jesus|Jesus’ ascension]], [[Satan (Devil)|Satan]] would spread [[Different Gospels|lawlessness]] throughout the world. Those who practice lawlessness—turning away from the truth of God—will not be able to enter the kingdom of heaven.
|-
|The Seed Fell on the Ground
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%204%3A3%20%E2%80%93%2020&version=NIV Mark 4:3–20]
|The seeds that fall along the path, on rocky ground, or among thorns fail to bear fruit; only the seed that falls on good soil grows and produces a fruitful harvest.
|When [[God]]’s word is sown in a heart that is good and receptive in His sight, it bears abundant fruit—the fruits of the gospel.
|-
|The [[Heavenly Wedding Banquet]]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2022%3A2%E2%80%9314&version=NIV Mt 22:2–14]
|

The salvation and entrance of the saints into heaven are compared to attending a wedding banquet. In this parable, only the bridegroom and the invited guests appear, symbolizing Christ and those who are called to receive salvation.
|In this parable, the bridegroom represents Jesus—[[God the Father]]—and the invited guests symbolize the saints who will receive salvation. The [[The Wife (Bride) of the Lamb|Bride]] represents [[God the Mother]],<ref name="어린양의 아내" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> who appears together with the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Jesus]] in the last days. This parable reveals the providence that both [[God the Father and God the Mother]] will appear to grant the [[The Water of Life|water of life]] to people in the end time.<ref name="성령과 신부" />
|-
|The [[Fig Tree]]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2013%3A6%E2%80%939%3B%20Mt%2024%3A30%E2%80%9333&version=NIV Lk 13:6–9; Mt 24:30–33]
|A man sought fruit on a fig tree for three years but found none, so he decided to cut it down.

Jesus also said, “When the twigs of the fig tree become tender and its leaves come out, you know that summer is near. In the same way, when you see all these things, know that the [[Son of Man]] is near, right at the door.”
|In this parable, the man who looks for fruit on the fig tree represents Jesus, and the fig tree symbolizes Israel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah%2024%3A5&version=NIV|title=Jeremiah 24:5|quote= }}</ref> This is a prophecy that Israel, which did not accept Jesus at His first coming, would be destroyed by Rome in AD 70. However, when the fig tree revives—symbolizing the restoration of Israel—the prophecy indicates that the Second Coming Jesus will appear.
|-
|The Prodigal Son
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2015%3A11%E2%80%9332&version=NIV Lk 15:11–32]
|A son who squandered his inheritance in a distant country later repented and returned home, and his father welcomed him with great joy.
|The prodigal son represents a spiritual sinner who has strayed from God. Yet even those who repent and return are forgiven and warmly welcomed by God.
|-
|The Widow and the Judge
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2018%3A1%E2%80%938&version=NIV Lk 18:1–8]
|A widow continually sought justice from an unjust judge, and because of her persistence, he eventually granted her request.
|This parable teaches that we must always pray to God and never give up.
|-
|The Prayers of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2018%3A10%E2%80%9314&version=NIV Lk 18:10–14]
|In this parable, the [[The Pharisees|Pharisee]] viewed himself as righteous, while the tax collector humbled himself, acknowledging that he was a sinner.
|Jesus concluded the parable by saying, “Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.” This teaches the essential virtue of humility that every saint must possess.
|-
|The Debtor Who Owed Much and the Debtor Who Owed Little
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%207%3A41%E2%80%9343&version=NIV Lk 7:41–43]
|Of the two debtors—one who owed five hundred denarii and the other fifty—the one who was forgiven more showed greater love.
|The debtors represent spiritual sinners. Those who are forgiven of greater sins feel deeper gratitude and express greater love toward God, recognizing the greatness of His mercy.
|-
|The Servant Who Owed Ten Thousand Talents
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2018%3A23%E2%80%9335&version=NIV Mt 18:23–35]
|A servant who was forgiven of his debt of ten thousand talents was later imprisoned because he refused to forgive another who owed him only one hundred denarii.
|The servant who was forgiven of his debt of ten thousand talents represents a sinner who has been forgiven by God. Just as God shows mercy and forgives sinners, we too must forgive our brothers and sisters from the heart.
|-
|The Rich Fool
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2012%3A16%E2%80%9321&version=NIV Lk 12:16–21]
|A rich man who stored up goods for many years but did not know that God would require his [[soul]] that very night was called a fool.
|The rich fool represents those who fail to prepare for the spiritual world, focusing only on earthly wealth and neglecting eternal life.
|-
|The Hidden Treasure in the Field
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2013%3A44&version=NIV Mt 13:44]
|A man found a hidden treasure in a field, and in his joy, he sold all he had and bought that field.
|The kingdom of heaven is likened to hidden treasure in a field.
|-
|The Pearl of Great Value
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2013%3A45%E2%80%9346&version=NIV Mt 13:45–46]
|A merchant found a pearl of great value, and he sold all he had in order to buy it.
|The kingdom of heaven is compared to a pearl of great value.

|-
|The Mustard Seed
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2013%3A31%E2%80%9332&version=NIV Mt 13:31–32]
|A tiny mustard seed grows into a large tree, and the birds of the air come and make their nests in its branches.
|The kingdom of heaven is likened to a mustard seed.

|-
|Light and Salt
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%205%3A13%E2%80%9316&version=NIV Mt 5:13–16]
|When salt loses its saltiness, it is no longer useful and is thrown away. Likewise, a lamp is not hidden under a bowl but placed on a stand, where it gives light to everyone in the house.
|The saints are compared to salt and light. We must become the salt and light of the world through good deeds.
|-
|The Narrow and Wide Gates
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%207%3A13%E2%80%9314&version=NIV Mt 7:13–14]
|The gate that leads to destruction is wide, and many enter through it; but the gate that leads to life is narrow, and only a few find it.
|The way of salvation and the way of destruction are likened to the narrow gate and the wide gate.

|-
|The Good Samaritan
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2010%3A30%E2%80%9337&version=NIV Lk 10:30–37]
|A Good Samaritan saved a man who had been left half-dead by robbers.
|This parable teaches that we should do good deeds—both spiritually and physically—just as the Good Samaritan did.
|-
|Workers for the Harvest
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%209%3A37%E2%80%9338&version=NIV Mt 9:37–38]
|The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few.
|[[Gospel]] workers are compared to harvesters. Jesus expressed the need for more workers because there were so many places where the gospel had to be preached.
|-
|The Servants Given Minas
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lk%2019%3A12%E2%80%9327&version=NIV Lk 19:12–27]
|A master entrusted ten servants with ten minas of silver before leaving on a journey. Some servants faithfully did business according to their master’s will and gained a profit, while others disobeyed and made no effort to do business. When the master returned, he rewarded the faithful servants for their diligence but punished those who were lazy and unfaithful, judging each according to their deeds.
|Fulfilling the mission according to God’s will is compared to the servants who did business with the minas entrusted to them.
|-
|The Servants Given Talents
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2025%3A14%E2%80%9330&version=NIV Mt 25:14–30]
|A master gave different amounts of talents to his servants before leaving on a journey. When he returned, he rewarded or punished each servant according to what they had done with what was entrusted to them.
|This parable symbolizes fulfilling God’s mission, which is likened to trading with the talents entrusted by the master.
|-
|The Ten Virgins
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt%2025%3A1%E2%80%9313&version=NIV Mt 25:1–13]
|Among the ten virgins waiting for the bridegroom, five wise virgins prepared oil for their lamps and entered the wedding banquet, while five foolish virgins did not and were left outside.
|This parable teaches that the saints who are waiting for the coming of God must always stay awake and prepare the oil of faith.
|-
|The [[Vine]] and the Branches
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jn%2015%3A1%E2%80%938&version=NIV Jn 15:1–8]
|A branch cannot live apart from the vine.
|God’s people are compared to the branches, and God is the vine. Just as branches cannot live or bear fruit apart from the vine, God’s people can do nothing apart from Him.
|}

==See also==
*[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]]
*[[Messiah]]
*[[Christ]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Life of Jesus]]
*[[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]]
*[[Jesus’ Appearance and Living Environment]]
*[[Miracles of Jesus]]
*[[The Teachings of Jesus Christ]]
*[[Crucifixion]]
*[[Jesus’ Resurrection]]
*[[The Ascension of Jesus]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:God the Father]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

The Teachings of Jesus Christ

2025-11-28T01:44:08Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:예수 그리스도의 가르침]]{{그림|최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg|정렬=오른쪽섬네일|너비=350px|타이틀=The Holy Supper of the Passover, well known as the “Last Supper,” reveals the depth of Jesus’ love and purpose. To lead humanity to the kingdom of heaven, Jesus established and fulfilled the new covenant through His sacrifice on the cross.}}
'''The teachings of Jesus Christ''' embody His holy love and self-sacrifice, given to guide humanity toward the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. These teachings are often called the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom]]. In order to save humanity—destined to die because of sin—Jesus fulfilled the [[New Covenant|new covenant]] through His suffering and death on the [[Crucifixion|cross]].<ref name="새 언약">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A20&version=NIV |title=Luke 22:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Along with this covenant, He proclaimed the reality and value of the heavenly kingdom, instilled hope for eternal life, and taught that [[God]] is our Father in heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A9&version=NIV |title=Matthew 6:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Furthermore, Jesus emphasized humility and service. Though He is by nature God, He humbled Himself to serve and love humankind, setting a perfect example of selfless service.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A4-15&version=NIV |title=John 13:4–15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Before His [[The Ascension of Jesus|ascension]], His final instruction to His disciples was the mission to preach the [[gospel]] to all nations.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+28%3A18-20&version=NIV |title=Matthew 28:18–20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The teachings of Jesus, given two thousand years ago, remain a spiritual compass that guides humanity toward the eternal kingdom of heaven.
==Truth of Life: The New Covenant==
Jesus began His public ministry as the Savior at the age of thirty, following His [[baptism]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+3%3A21-23&version=NIV |title=Luke 3:21–23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Before that time, He faithfully observed the laws of the Old Testament as a Jew. However, after His baptism, He began proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom as the [[Christ]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+1%3A21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+4%3A17&version=NIV |title=Matthew 4:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>—the One who came to save humanity from sin and death—by establishing and keeping the new covenant.<ref name="새 언약" /> This new covenant was given for the forgiveness of sins, as prophesied by the prophet [[Jeremiah (Prophet)|Jeremiah]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+31%3A31-34&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 31:31–34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In other words, it is the truth of life that all people—destined to die because of their sins—must come to know in order to receive salvation.

The [[Old Covenant|old covenant]] established through [[Moses]] in Old Testament times was a shadow, whereas the new covenant established by [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]] in the New Testament is its reality.<ref name="Hebrews 10장 1절">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+10%3A1&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 10:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the Old Testament, animals were sacrificed and their blood shed to atone for the sins of the people. In the New Testament, Jesus—who is the true reality of those sacrifices—fulfilled the requirements of the new covenant by shedding His own blood on the [[cross]] for the forgiveness of humanity’s sins.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hebrews 10:1–5, 10-17 |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews%2010%3A1%E2%80%935%2C%2010-17&version=NIV |publisher= |quote=}}</ref><ref name=":0">Chapter 2 The Seven Feasts in Three Times, THE MYSTERY OF GOD AND THE SPRING OF THE WATER OF LIFE, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', 2016</ref> The truths of the new covenant that lead to salvation include [[baptism]] and the [[The Feasts of God|feasts of God]]. The Bible records the feasts that Jesus taught and kept under this covenant. Among them, the representative ones are the weekly feast, the [[Sabbath]], and the annual feasts such as the [[Passover]], the [[Pentecost|Day of Pentecost]], and the [[Feast of Tabernacles]].

===Weekly Feast: The Sabbath===
The [[Bible]] records that Jesus kept the Sabbath day as was His custom.<ref name="안식일">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+4%3A16&version=NIV |title=Luke 4:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The word ''custom'' indicates that He observed the Sabbath regularly—every week, not merely once. Jesus set this example so that His people might, through the Sabbath, receive holiness, blessings, and the sign that identifies them as God’s people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+2%3A3&version=NIV |title=Genesis 2:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+20%3A8-11&version=NIV |title=Exodus 20:8–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+31%3A13&version=NIV |title=Exodus 31:13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= He [Jesus] went to Nazareth, where he had been brought up, and on the Sabbath day he went into the synagogue, as was his custom. He stood up to read. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+4%3A16&version=NIV Luke 4:16]}}

The Sabbath originated from the seventh day, when God rested after creating the heavens and the earth. In Old Testament times, the Sabbath was observed by offering animal sacrifices, such as lambs and goats.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+28%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Numbers 28:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> However, in the New Testament, Jesus established the Sabbath of the new covenant, to be kept as a [[worship]] in spirit and in truth, without the need for animal sacrifices—because Jesus Himself is the reality of those sacrifices.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+4%3A23-24&version=NIV |title=John 4:23–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A29&version=NIV |title=John 1:29 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> For 1,500 years, countless animals were offered on the Sabbath, their blood symbolically pointing to the ultimate sacrifice Jesus would make in the New Testament for the forgiveness of humanity’s sins.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A4-6&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:4–6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="유월절 양 예수님">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+5%3A7&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 5:7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Mark 십자가 못 박히심">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+15%3A22-27&version=NIV |title=Mark 15:22–27 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
===Annual Feasts: Seven Feasts in Three Times===
Jesus set the perfect example of keeping the feasts of the new covenant. The annual feasts established by God are known as the Seven Feasts in Three Times—seven feasts celebrated during three appointed seasons: the Passover, [[the Feast of Unleavened Bread]], the [[Feast of Firstfruits]], the [[Feast of Weeks]], the [[Feast of Trumpets]], the [[Day of Atonement]], and the [[Feast of Tabernacles]]. The feasts of the Old Testament were shadows, while the feasts of the New Testament reveal their true reality in Christ.<ref name="Hebrews 10장 1절" /> Through the feasts of the old covenant, we can understand the spiritual principles of the new covenant system that Jesus established. In Old Testament times, sacrifices were offered for every feast—animals were killed and their blood shed in place of the people, symbolizing atonement for sin. These sacrifices pointed to Jesus, the true sacrificial Lamb, who shed His blood on the cross to pay for the sins of all humanity, thus completing the system of the new covenant.<ref name=":0" /> As the reality of the Passover lamb, Jesus promised the forgiveness of sins and eternal life through the Passover of the new covenant,<ref name="유월절 Matthew">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+26%3A19-28&version=NIV |title=Matthew 26:19–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="John 6장 내 살과 피">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A53-54&version=NIV |title=John 6:53–54 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and He established this covenant with His own blood on the cross the following day.<ref name="유월절 양 예수님" /> The feasts of the new covenant were fulfilled through the boundless love of Jesus.<ref name="사랑은 율법의 완성">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+13%3A8-10&version=NIV |title=Romans 13:8–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Through the Holy Supper of the Passover, believers partake of His flesh and blood, becoming united with Christ.<ref name="한 몸에 참예">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+10%3A16-17&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 10:16–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Even sinners, transformed by His grace, come to love others as themselves through the power of the New Covenant Passover.<ref name=":1">Chapter 31 The Regulations of the New Covenant, THE MYSTERY OF GOD AND THE SPRING OF THE WATER OF LIFE, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', 2016</ref> Moreover, Jesus poured out the blessings of the Holy Spirit through the feasts of the new covenant, such as Pentecost and the Feast of Tabernacles, enabling believers to live a renewed life in the fullness of His Spirit.<ref name="유월절 Matthew" /><ref name="오순절">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A1-41&version=NIV |title=Acts 2:1–41 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="초막절">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A2-37&version=NIV |title=John 7:2–37 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

*'''New Covenant Passover'''
Jesus eagerly desired to keep the [[The New Covenant Passover|Passover of the new covenant]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A15&version=NIV |title=Luke 22:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This was because humanity, bound by sin, was destined to face death, and only through the blood of Christ could redemption be granted.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+6%3A23&version=NIV |title=Romans 6:23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ephesians+1%3A7&version=NIV |title=Ephesians 1:7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+1%3A18-19&version=NIV |title=1 Peter 1:18–19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> During the Passover, Jesus declared that the bread and wine represent His flesh and blood, and through this sacred covenant, He promised the forgiveness of sins and the gift of eternal life.<ref name="John 6장 내 살과 피" /><ref name="유월절 Matthew" />

{{quote5 |내용= And he took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to them, saying, “This is '''my body''' given for you; do this in remembrance of me.” In the same way, after the supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the '''new covenant''' in '''my blood''', which is poured out for you.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A19-20&version=NIV Luke 22:19–20]}}

On the day of the New Covenant Passover, Jesus’ words about giving His flesh and blood were not merely symbolic—they were a covenant soon to be fulfilled. The next day, His body was torn and His blood was shed on the cross, completing the promise of the Passover.<ref name="Mark 십자가 못 박히심" /> Jesus endured the agony of death in place of humanity’s sins, embedding His sacrifice and boundless love within the New Covenant Passover. For this reason, He taught those who shared in His flesh and blood through the Passover, saying, ''“Love one another as I have loved you.”<ref name="새 계명 서로 사랑">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A34&version=NIV |title=John 13:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>''

*'''Pentecost'''
{{그림|오순절.jpg |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 | 너비=300px |타이틀=When the Holy Spirit of Jesus came upon the disciples on the Day of Pentecost, they boldly preached the gospel to many people. On that day, a remarkable event took place—about three thousand people repented and were baptized.}}
After His crucifixion, Jesus [[Resurrection|rose from the dead]] on the third day. He remained with His disciples for forty days, teaching them and strengthening their faith before [[Ascension|ascending]] to heaven. Before His ascension, Jesus said, “Do not leave [[Jerusalem]], but wait for the gift my Father promised, which you have heard Me speak about.” Following His words, the disciples gathered in Jerusalem and devoted themselves to prayer. On the fiftieth day after His resurrection, the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] of Jesus came upon them with power—this was the Day of Pentecost. Filled with the Holy Spirit, the disciples began to speak in different tongues and preached the gospel boldly to people from many nations. On that day, about three thousand people repented and were baptized, marking a momentous event in the history of the early Church.<ref name="오순절" />

*'''The Feast of Tabernacles'''
The Feast of Tabernacles originates from the Old Testament, where it was celebrated to commemorate the building of the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|tabernacle]]. In the New Testament, its meaning was revealed more fully as a feast of the new covenant, through which believers receive the Holy Spirit. In [[Gospel of John|John]] 7, it is recorded that Jesus Himself kept the Feast of Tabernacles of the new covenant. On that day, He proclaimed that “streams of [[The Water of Life|living water]] will flow from within anyone who believes in Me,” referring to the Holy Spirit that believers would later receive.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A2-39&version=NIV |title=John 7:2–39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The fact that Jesus kept the Feast of Tabernacles also indicates that He observed the Feast of Trumpets and the Day of Atonement, for these two feasts are included within the third group of annual feasts that culminate in the Feast of Tabernacles.<ref>Chapter 6 Comparison Between the Old Covenant and the New Covenant, THE LAST PLAGUES AND THE SEAL OF GOD, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', 2010</ref>

===The New Commandment: Love===
The Bible teaches that the ''greatest commandment'' is love, and that love is the fulfillment of the law. All the laws of the Old and New Testaments—including the Seven Feasts in Three Times—are ultimately fulfilled through love. This is why Jesus declared that the greatest commandment is to love God with all our heart, and why Apostle [[Paul]] affirmed, “Love is the fulfillment of the law.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+22%3A35-40&version=NIV |title=Matthew 22:35–40 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="사랑은 율법의 완성" /> The way to fulfill the law through love, the greatest commandment, is by keeping the new covenant. In the Bible, the term new covenant means a ''[[New Commandment|new command]]'', and Jesus gave this new command, saying, “Love one another.”<ref name="새 언약" /><ref name="새 계명 서로 사랑" /> In essence, the Passover of the new covenant embodies this command of love.<ref>Chapter 31 The Regulations of the New Covenant, THE MYSTERY OF GOD AND THE SPRING OF THE WATER OF LIFE, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', 2016</ref> Through the New Covenant Passover, Jesus allowed the saints to become one with Him by eating His flesh and drinking His blood.<ref name="유월절 Matthew" /><ref name="새 언약" /><ref name="John 6장 내 살과 피" /> In doing so, believers are united as one body in Christ.<ref name="한 몸에 참예" /> Although human nature is inclined toward selfishness and lacks true love, through the Passover of the new covenant, believers come to understand the sacrifice and love of Christ deeply, learning to love one another as their own body.<ref name=":1" /> When Jesus said, “Love one another,” on the night of the New Covenant Passover, He added an essential condition:<ref name="새 계명 서로 사랑" /> “As I have loved you.” This points to the supreme love of Jesus—[[God]] in human form—who gave His flesh and shed His blood on the cross for sinners.

==The Hope for Heaven==
Jesus taught humanity—who had not known about [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]]—about its existence, its immeasurable value, and the way to return to it. To help people understand how precious the kingdom of heaven is, He compared it to “a treasure hidden in a field” and “a pearl of great price,” planting in their hearts a living hope for heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A44&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:44 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A45-46&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:45–46 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the Sermon on the Mount recorded in [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2005&version=NIV Matthew chapters 5–7], Jesus taught the qualities required to enter the kingdom of heaven. He said that “those who are poor in spirit,” “those who are persecuted for righteousness,” and “those who do the will of God” would inherit the heavenly kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A3&version=NIV |title=Matthew 5:3 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A10&version=NIV |title=Matthew 5:10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21-23&version=NIV |title=Matthew 7:21–23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He also urged His followers to store up treasures in heaven so that their hearts would be set not on earthly things, but on the eternal home above.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A20-21&version=NIV |title=Matthew 6:20–21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> To humankind, who had lived believing that this world was all there is, Jesus revealed the existence of heaven—a place without death, pain, or tears. He said:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A4&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= “Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the '''kingdom of heaven'''. Blessed are you when people insult you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me. Rejoice and be glad, because great is your '''reward in heaven'''.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+5%3A10-12&version=NIV Matthew 5:10–12]}}
==Our Relationship With God==
Through the [[The Lord’s Prayer|Lord’s Prayer]], Jesus taught that the relationship between God and humanity is that of a Father and His children.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A9&version=NIV |title=Matthew 6:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The word ''Father'' is one used within a family, revealing that God and we are part of a [[Heavenly Family|spiritual family]]. The Bible teaches that what exists on earth is a copy and shadow of what is in heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+8%3A5&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 8:5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Just as there is a physical family on earth, so there also exists a spiritual family in heaven.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+12%3A9&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 12:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Corinthians+6%3A18&version=NIV |title=2 Corinthians 6:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= “This, then, is how you should pray: “'''Our Father''' in heaven, hallowed be your name.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A9&version=NIV Matthew 6:9]}}
==Humility and Service==
{{그림|세족예식.jpg |정렬=오른쪽섬네일 | 너비=250px |타이틀=Before the Passover Holy Supper, Jesus washed His disciples’ feet through the Foot-Washing Ceremony.}}
Jesus repeatedly emphasized the importance of humility and service through His words and parables—teachings that are recorded throughout the Bible. When His disciples asked who would be the greatest in the kingdom of heaven, Jesus answered, “Whoever humbles himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+18%3A1-4&version=NIV |title=Matthew 18:1–4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Through parables, He also taught that those who humble themselves will be exalted. In the parable of the [[The Pharisee|Pharisee]] and the tax collector who went up to the [[temple]] to pray, the Pharisee boasted of his own righteousness, while the tax collector humbly confessed his sins and sought forgiveness. Jesus said that the tax collector, not the Pharisee, went home justified before God, teaching that “whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.” <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+18%3A9-14&version=NIV |title=Luke 18:9–14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

Jesus not only taught humility and service through words but also demonstrated them through His own actions. A clear example is the [[Foot-Washing Ceremony]], which took place before the Holy Supper of the Passover. On that day, Jesus Himself washed the feet of His disciples—a task usually performed by servants or those of low social status.<ref>John W. Parker, [https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=u4PpJQ0jRVkC&pg=PA1340&dq=Judaism+customs+feet+wash+slave&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjKgdzy4cv1AhV-r1YBHeZ9DzA4FBDoAXoECAQQAg#v=onepage&q=Judaism%20customs%20feet%20wash%20slave&f=false WASHING OF FEET], ''The Bible Cyclopaedia'', 1843</ref><ref>Mrs. Humphrey Ward, [https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=eF9_Gydxi-AC&pg=PA109&dq=Jews+customs+washing+of+feet+slave&hl=ko&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3qIGz6sv1AhXCdd4KHW6-ChcQ6AF6BAgLEAI#v=onepage&q=Jews%20customs%20washing%20of%20feet%20slave&f=false Q. Why is the ceremony of washing the feet so often mentioned in the Old and New Testament?], ''A Guide to Jewish History, ceremonies, manners, and customs, ancient and modern, in the form of question and answer, by the authoress of "the Child's Guide to Knowledge."'', Simpkin, Marshall, 1834, pg 109</ref> Yet the Lord of all creation removed His outer garment, wrapped a towel around His waist, and washed His disciples’ feet with His own hands.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A3-7&version=NIV |title=John 13:3–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Through this, Jesus set a living example, teaching that His followers should do the same—serving one another in humility and love, just as He served them.

{{quote5 |내용= I have set you an example that you should do as I have done for you. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A15&version=NIV John 13:15]}}

==The Mission of Preaching the Gospel==
Before ascending to heaven, Jesus entrusted His disciples with the sacred mission of preaching the [[gospel]] to all nations. To Peter, He asked three times, “Do you love Me?” Each time Peter answered that he did, Jesus responded, “Feed My lambs,” “Take care of My sheep,” and “Feed My sheep.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=John 21:15–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Through these words, Jesus taught that those who love Him must care for and nurture His people—represented as sheep in His flock. Jesus also appeared to the eleven disciples who had gathered in [[Galilee]] and gave them the Great Commission, saying, “Go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the [[Name of God|name]] of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”<ref name=":2" /> After Jesus’ ascension, the apostles faithfully obeyed His command. Empowered by the Holy Spirit, they devoted themselves to preaching the [[Gospel and the New Covenant|gospel of the new covenant]] in every place, working tirelessly to lead souls to salvation.

==See also==
*[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]]
*[[Messiah]]
*[[Christ]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Life of Jesus]]
*[[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]]
*[[The Major Works of Jesus Christ]]
*[[Jesus’ Appearance and Living Environment]]
*[[Miracles of Jesus]]
*[[The Last Supper]]
*[[Crucifixion]]
*[[Jesus’ Resurrection]]
*[[The Ascension of Jesus]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: God the Father]]
[[Category: Gospel of the New Covenant]]

Appearance and Living Environment of Jesus

2025-11-28T01:43:59Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:예수님의 모습과 생활 환경]]'''The appearance and lifestyle of Jesus''' were remarkably ordinary. Without any outward beauty to attract admiration, He lived with His family and worked as a carpenter, sharing in the common experiences of daily life—eating, drinking, and sleeping. At times, He ate without washing His hands and associated with those on the margins of society.<ref name="예수님 외모">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="목수 가족">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A55-56&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:55–56 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="손 씻지 않음">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A37-38&version=NIV |title=Luke 11:37–38 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="세리와 죄인">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+15%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Luke 15:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> These physical and social aspects became reasons for rejection by the religious leaders and the Jews of His time. Yet the apostles and members of the early Church recognized Him as God Himself, seeing in Him the fulfillment of [[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible|biblical prophecy]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+1%3A1%2C&version=NIV |title=John 1:1, 14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philippians+2%3A5-8&version=NIV |title=Philippians 2:5–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

==The Appearance of Jesus==
[[file:Gevangenneming van Christus Iudas vero qui prodebat Iesum, dederat turbae signum, dicens quem osculatus fuero is est, prehendite eum (titel op object) Royaalbijbel (serietitel), RP-P-OB-16.197.jpg|thumb| 300px | Depiction of Jesus’ arrest in the Garden of Gethsemane by unknown artist, 17th–18th century]]
Modern portrayals of Jesus in religious art and film often present Him as handsome and radiant, sometimes surrounded by a glowing halo.<ref>Anna Swartwood House, [https://sc.edu/uofsc/posts/2020/07/conversation_white_jesus.php The long history of how Jesus came to resemble a white European], ''Univerysity of South Carolina'', July 22, 2020</ref><ref>Sarah Pruitt, [https://www.history.com/news/what-did-jesus-look-like What Did Jesus Look Like?], ''History.com'', February 20, 2019</ref> Yet this image contrasts sharply with the [[Bible|biblical]] portrayal. The book of [[Isaiah]] in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], written about 700 years before Jesus’ birth, describes the coming [[Christ]] as “a root out of dry ground.” This metaphor evokes something fragile and lacking vitality, deprived of nourishment. Isaiah further declares that He had “no beauty or majesty to attract us to Him, nothing in His appearance that we should desire Him.” These words reveal that Jesus, when He came in human form, did not possess an outwardly impressive or physically striking appearance.

{{quote5 |내용= He grew up before him like a tender shoot, and like a '''root out of dry ground'''. He had '''no beauty or majesty''' to attract us to him, '''nothing in his appearance that we should desire him.''' |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A1-2&version=NIV Isaiah 53:1–2]}}

The unremarkable appearance of Jesus is also suggested by a biblical episode—His arrest in the Garden of [[Gethsemane]] before the crucifixion.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+26%3A47-50&version=NIV |title=Matthew 26:47–50 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> [[Judas Iscariot]] arranged a signal with the soldiers to identify Jesus among His disciples. The very need for such a sign indicates that Jesus was not physically distinguishable from the others. Had He possessed a striking figure or a radiant presence, this signal would have been unnecessary. This detail implies that Jesus’ outward appearance was ordinary and easily overlooked.

{{quote |We know Jesus was about 30 years old when he began his ministry (Luke 3:23), but the Bible tells us virtually nothing about what he looked like―except that he didn't stand out in any particular way. When Jesus was arrested in the garden of Gethsemane before the Crucifixion (Matthew 26:47-56) Judas Iscariot had to point Jesus out to his soldiers among the disciples―presumably because they all appeared similar to one another.|SARAH PRUITT, [https://www.history.com/news/what-did-jesus-look-like "What Did Jesus Look Like?,"] <i>HISTORY</i>, Mar. 18. 2024.}}

==The Life and Environment of Jesus==
Two thousand years ago, the life and circumstances of Jesus became stumbling blocks for the religious leaders and the Jewish people in recognizing Him as the Christ. His occupation as a carpenter—a trade involving manual labor—and His family ties to ordinary parents and siblings were viewed as unbecoming of the Messiah.<ref name="목수 가족" /> His [[Galilee|Galilean]] background, despised by many Jews, and His lack of formal education further fueled their unbelief. Moreover, His actions—such as eating without ceremonially washing His hands and spending time with tax collectors and prostitutes, those scorned by society—were seen as additional reasons to reject Him.<ref name="손 씻지 않음" /><ref name="세리와 죄인" />

{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
!'''Category'''!!'''Content'''!!'''Verses'''
|-
|Occupation
|'''Carpenter'''

The Bible identifies Jesus’ occupation as that of a carpenter, revealing that His social standing was humble and far removed from the upper class.
|“Isn’t this the '''carpenter'''? Isn’t this Mary’s son?”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+6%3A3&version=NIV Mark 6:3])<br><br>“Isn’t this the '''carpenter’s son'''?”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A55&version=NIV Matthew 13:55])
|-
|Family
|'''Physical Family Relationships'''

The Jews of that time rejected Jesus by pointing to His earthly family—His physical parents and siblings. Even His own family once tried to restrain Him, unable to fully understand His divine mission.
|“Isn’t his '''mother'''’s name Mary, and aren’t his '''brothers''' James, Joseph, Simon and Judas? . . .” And they took '''offense''' at him.<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A55-57&version=NIV Matthew 13:55–57])<br><br>“Is this not Jesus, the '''son of Joseph''', whose '''father and mother''' we know? How can he now say, ‘I came down from heaven’?”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A42&version=NIV John 6:42]) <br><br>They ['''Jesus’ family'''] went to take charge of him, for they said, “He is out of his mind.”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+3%3A21&version=NIV Mark 3:21])
|-
|Background
|'''From Galilee, a Despised Region'''<br> Galilee, located in the northernmost part of Israel, was often invaded and influenced by Gentile nations.
Because of its strong foreign character, it was looked down upon.
The Jews and the [[The Pharisees|Pharisees]] rejected Jesus, asserting that no prophet comes from Galilee.

However, the Bible had foretold that the light of the [[gospel]] would shine in Galilee.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+9%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 9:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
|They replied, “Are you from Galilee, too? Look into it, and you will find that '''a prophet does not come out of Galilee'''.”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A52&version=NIV John 7:52])
|-
|Education
|'''Lack of Formal Learning'''

People of that time also criticized Jesus for having no formal education. They questioned how He could read the Scriptures and teach with authority without having studied under a recognized teacher.
|Not until halfway through the Feast did Jesus go up to the temple courts and begin to teach. The Jews were amazed and asked, “How did this man get such learning '''without having studied'''?”<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+7%3A14-15&version=NIV John 7:14–15])
|-
|Daily Life
|'''Eating Without Washing Hands'''

In those days, Jewish tradition required ritual handwashing before meals as a sign of religious purity. When Jesus ate without performing this ritual, many viewed His actions with disapproval, interpreting them as disregard for their customs.
|When Jesus had finished speaking, a Pharisee invited him to eat with him; so he went in and reclined at the table. But the Pharisee, noticing that '''Jesus did not first wash before the meal''', was '''surprised'''.<br> ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+11%3A37-38&version=NIV Luke 11:37–38])
|-
|Companions
|'''Associated with the Despised'''
Jesus often associated with those whom society rejected—tax collectors and prostitutes. Tax collectors were regarded as traitors for serving the Roman Empire, while prostitutes were universally scorned. Yet these very individuals were often among those closest to Jesus. He even declared that such people would enter the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]] before the religious leaders of His time.
|Now the '''tax collectors and “sinners”''' were all gathering around to hear him. But the Pharisees and the teachers of the law muttered, '''“This man welcomes sinners and eats with them.”'''<br>([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+15%3A1-2&version=NIV Luke 15:1–2])
|}

==Physical Perspective vs. Scriptural Perspective==
When Jesus began His public ministry, Israel was under Roman rule. The Jews longed for a miraculous [[Messiah]] who would deliver them from oppression and restore their nation’s glory. Yet, contrary to their expectations, Jesus came in the form of an ordinary man. Because He did not fit their ideal of a powerful, political deliverer, they rejected Him and ultimately crucified Him.

This rejection fulfilled the biblical prophecy that the Messiah would become “[[A Stone That Causes Men to Stumble and a Rock That Makes Them Fall|a stone that causes people to stumble]]” and “a trap and a snare.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+8%3A13-15&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 8:13–15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Though Jesus is the cornerstone—the precious, living stone essential for salvation—those who judged by outward appearance saw only a cause for offense.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Peter+2%3A4-8&version=NIV |title=1 Peter 2:4–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> But the apostles and the early Church, interpreting His life through the Scriptures, recognized Him as the true Savior for the Bible alone bears witness to the One who saves.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A39&version=NIV |title=John 5:39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>Chapter 11 About Jesus, THE MYSTERY OF GOD AND THE SPRING OF THE WATER OF LIFE, Ahnsahnghong, ''Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd''</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= From this time many of his disciples turned back and no longer followed him. “You do not want to leave too, do you?” Jesus asked the Twelve. Simon Peter answered him, “'''Lord, to whom shall we go? You have the words of eternal life. We believe and know that you are the Holy One of God.'''” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+6%3A66-69&version=NIV John 6:66–69]}}

==See also==
*[[Christ]]
* [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]]
*[[Messiah]]
*[[Jesus Christ]]
*[[Life of Jesus]]
* [[The Major Works of Jesus Christ]]
*[[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]]
*[[Miracles of Jesus]]
*[[Parables of Jesus]]
*[[The Teachings of Jesus Christ]]
*[[The Last Supper]]
*[[Crucifixion]]
*[[Jesus’ Resurrection]]
*[[The Ascension of Jesus]]

==Related videos==
*'''Sermon: Prophets’ Prophecies about Christ Ahnsahnghong & Thoughts of People'''
<youtube>07eWUgGRA4A</youtube>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:God the Father]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

The Major Works of Jesus Christ

2025-11-28T01:43:45Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:예수 그리스도의 주요 행적]]The '''key events and works''' of [[Jesus Christ]] are clearly recorded in the four Gospels. His entire life was one of suffering, sacrifice, and love—all for the salvation of humankind. Jesus was [[Baptism|baptized]] and began His [[gospel]] ministry at the age of thirty. During the three years of His ministry, He delivered many teachings and performed works directly related to humanity’s salvation. He established the [[New Covenant|new covenant]]—the truth of life—and ultimately sacrificed Himself on the [[cross]]. Forty days after His [[resurrection]], He [[Ascension|ascended]] to heaven, entrusting His disciples with the mission to preach the gospel to all nations.

==Works of Jesus==
During His three and a half years of ministry, Jesus taught the way of salvation and set an example for His disciples to follow.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+13%3A15&version=NIV |title=John 13:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The path He walked to lead humanity to salvation was filled with immeasurable suffering. After His baptism, He faced the temptations of [[Satan (Devil)|Satan]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+4%3A1-11&version=NIV |title=Matthew 4:1–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> endured scorn and rejection from the religious leaders and the people of His time, and was ultimately [[Cross|crucified]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+23%3A33&version=NIV |title=Luke 23:33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Yet, the love He revealed through His sacrifice on the cross, the faith and living hope He granted through His [[Jesus’ Resurrection|resurrection]], and the mission to preach the gospel that He entrusted before His [[The Ascension of Jesus|ascension]]—all became the driving force that inspired the early Church to spread the truth of [[Christ]] and the message of salvation throughout the world.

<div style="text-align:center; width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">
<gallery gallery="" widths="250" heights="210">
file:Jan Bruegel d. Ä. 009.jpg|''Sea Port With the Lecture of Christ'', Jan Brueghel the Elder, 1598: Jesus performs one of His most well-known miracles—the miracle of the five loaves and two fish.
file:최후의 만찬 유월절.jpg|''The Last Supper:'' A famous depiction of the New Covenant Passover
file:Jan van Hemessen - Christ Carrying the Cross - WGA11350.jpg|''Christ Carrying the Cross'', Jan Sanders van Hemessen, 1553
</gallery>
</div>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width: 25%" |'''Major Events'''
!'''Event'''
! style="width: 9%" |Matthew
! style="width: 9%" |Mark
! style="width: 9%" |Luke
! style="width: 9%" |John
|-
|[[Baptism]]
|Jesus was baptized by [[John the Baptist|John]] at the age of thirty, marking the beginning of His public ministry.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%203%3A13-17&version=NIV 3:13–17]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%201%3A9%E2%80%9311&version=NIV 1:9–11]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%203%3A21%E2%80%9323&version=NIV 3:21–23]
|
|-
|Overcoming the temptations of the devil after [[fasting]] for forty days
|After fasting for forty days, Jesus overcame Satan’s temptations by relying on the word of God.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%204%3A1%E2%80%9311&version=NIV 4:1–11]
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A1%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 4:1–13]
|
|-
|Calling of Disciples in [[Galilee]]
|Jesus called His disciples, including James, John, Andrew, Peter, and Philip.
| || || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%201%3A35%E2%80%9351&version=NIV 1:35–51]
|-
|Beginning to Preach the [[Gospel]]
|Jesus preached repentance and the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom]] in Capernaum.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%204%3A13%E2%80%9317&version=NIV 4:13–17]
| || ||
|-
|Keeping the [[Sabbath]]
|Jesus kept the Sabbath and taught in the [[The Synagogue|synagogues]], as was His custom.
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%206%3A2&version=NIV 6:2]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A16%E2%80%9319&version=NIV 4:16–19]
|
|-
|Rejected in Hometown
|The people in His hometown of [[Nazareth]] rejected Him, saying that He was merely Joseph’s son.
| || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%204%3A22%E2%80%9330&version=NIV 4:22–30]
|
|-
|Teaching the True Meaning of the Sabbath
|
He taught those who criticized Him for working on the Sabbath the true purpose of the Sabbath.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2012%3A1%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 12:1–13]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%202%3A23%E2%80%933%3A5&version=NIV 2:23–3:5]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%206%3A1%E2%80%9310&version=NIV 6:1–10]
|
|-
|Choosing the Twelve Apostles
|Jesus appointed the Twelve, including Peter, James, and John.
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%203%3A13%E2%80%9319&version=NIV 3:13–19]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%206%3A12%E2%80%9316&version=NIV 6:12–16]
|
|-
|Sermon on the Mount
|Jesus taught His disciples and the crowds on a mountain in Galilee.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%205%3A1%E2%80%937%3A29&version=NIV 5:1–7:29]
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%206%3A17%E2%80%9349&version=NIV 6:17–49]
|
|-
|Sending the Twelve Disciples
|Jesus gave power and instructions to the Twelve and sent them out to preach. After completing their mission, the disciples returned and reported to Him all that had happened.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%209%3A35%E2%80%9311%3A1&version=NIV 9:35–11:1]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%206%3A7%E2%80%9313%2C%2030&version=NIV 6:7–13, 30]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A1%E2%80%936%2C%2010&version=NIV 9:1–6, 10]
|
|-
|The [[Miracles of Jesus|Miracle]] of Five Bread and Two Fish
|Jesus performed the miracle of feeding five thousand people with only five barley loaves and two fish.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2014%3A15%E2%80%9321&version=NIV 14:15–21]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%206%3A35%E2%80%9344&version=NIV 6:35–44]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A12%E2%80%9317&version=NIV 9:12–17]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%206%3A1%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 6:1–13]
|-
|Bread of Life Teaching
|Many people left after Jesus taught about the bread of life, but Peter remained and declared that Jesus had the words of eternal life.
| || || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%206%3A22%E2%80%9369&version=NIV 6:22–69]
|-
|Asking the Disciples About His Identity
|While many people said that Jesus was one of the prophets such as John the Baptist or [[Elijah]], Peter confessed, “You are the Christ, the [[Son of God|Son of the living God]].”
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2016%3A13%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 16:13–20]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%208%3A27%E2%80%9330&version=NIV 8:27–30]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A18%E2%80%9321&version=NIV 9:18–21]
|
|-
|Prediction of His Death and Resurrection
|Jesus foretold His suffering, death, and resurrection.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2016%3A21%E2%80%9328%2C%2017%3A22%E2%80%9323%2C%2020%3A17%E2%80%9319&version=NIV 16:21–28, 17:22–23, 20:17–19]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%208%3A31&version=NIV 8:31]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A22&version=NIV 9:22]
|
|-
|Transfiguration
|Jesus was transfigured before Peter, James, and John.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2017%3A1%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 17:1–13]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%209%3A2%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 9:2–13]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%209%3A28%E2%80%9336&version=NIV 9:28–36]
|
|-
|Keeping the [[Feast of Tabernacles]]
|Jesus promised the blessing of the [[The Water of Life|water of life]] on the Feast of Tabernacles.
| || || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%207%3A2%E2%80%9314%2C%2037%E2%80%9339&version=NIV 7:2–14, 37–39]
|-
|Sending the Seventy
|Jesus appointed seventy disciples and sent them out to preach.
| || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2010%3A1%E2%80%9316&version=NIV 10:1–16]
|
|-
|Raising Lazarus and Anointing by [[Mary]]
|Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead and was later anointed with perfume by Mary.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A6%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 26:6–13]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A3%E2%80%939&version=NIV 14:3–9]
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2011%3A17%E2%80%9344%2C%2012%3A1%E2%80%938&version=NIV 11:17–44, 12:1–8]
|-
|Triumphal Entry to [[Jerusalem]] on a Donkey
|Jesus entered Jerusalem riding on a donkey, fulfilling the prophecy of the Bible.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Zechariah%209%3A9&version=NIV|title=Zechariah 9:9|publisher=|quote= }}</ref>
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2021%3A1%E2%80%9311&version=NIV 21:1–11]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2011%3A1%E2%80%9311&version=NIV 11:1–11]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2019%3A28%E2%80%9338&version=NIV 19:28–38]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2012%3A12%E2%80%9316&version=NIV 12:12–16]
|-
|Cursing the [[Fig Tree]]
|Jesus cursed a fig tree because it bore no fruit.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2021%3A18%E2%80%9319&version=NIV 21:18–19]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2011%3A12%E2%80%9314%2C%2020%E2%80%9321&version=NIV 11:12–14, 20–21]
| ||
|-
|Cleansing the [[Temple]]
|Jesus drove out those who were selling in the temple and rebuked them.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2021%3A12%E2%80%9317&version=NIV 21:12–17]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2011%3A15%E2%80%9319&version=NIV 11:15–19]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2019%3A45%E2%80%9348&version=NIV 19:45–48]
|
|-
|Teaching on His [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming]] and the End Times
|Jesus taught His disciples on the [[Mount of Olives]] about His second coming and the signs of the end of the age.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2024%3A3%E2%80%9314&version=NIV 24:3–14]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2013%3A3%E2%80%9337&version=NIV 13:3–37]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2021%3A5%E2%80%9338&version=NIV 21:5–38]
|
|-
|Establishing the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]]
|Jesus prepared His disciples for the Passover and [[Foot-Washing Ceremony|washed their feet]]. During the [[Passover]] Supper, He promised the forgiveness of sins and eternal life, teaching that the bread and wine are His flesh and blood.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A17%E2%80%9319%2C%2026%E2%80%9328&version=NIV 26:17–19, 26–28]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A12%E2%80%9316%2C%2022%E2%80%9324&version=NIV 14:12–16, 22–24]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A7%E2%80%9313%2C%2019%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 22:7–13, 19–20]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2013%3A3%E2%80%9315&version=NIV 13:3–15]
|-
|Giving the [[New Commandment|New Command]]
|While keeping the Passover, Jesus gave His disciples a new command—to love one another.
| || || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2013%3A31%E2%80%9335&version=NIV 13:31–35]
|-
|Foretelling Peter’s Denial
|Jesus foretold that Peter would deny Him three times before the rooster crowed.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A31%E2%80%9335&version=NIV 26:31–35]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A27%E2%80%9330&version=NIV 14:27–30]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A31%E2%80%9334&version=NIV 22:31–34]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2013%3A36%E2%80%9338&version=NIV 13:36–38]
|-
|Prayer in [[Gethsemane]]
|In the Garden of Gethsemane, Jesus prayed earnestly, and His sweat fell like drops of blood.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A36%E2%80%9346&version=NIV 26:36–46]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A32%E2%80%9342&version=NIV 14:32–42]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A39%E2%80%9346&version=NIV 22:39–46]
|
|-
|Arrest in Gethsemane
|Jesus was arrested by a crowd led by [[Judas Iscariot|Judas]], and His disciples fled in fear.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A47%E2%80%9356&version=NIV 26:47–56]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A43%E2%80%9350&version=NIV 14:43–50]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A47%E2%80%9353&version=NIV 22:47–53]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2018%3A3%E2%80%9312&version=NIV 18:3–12]
|-
|Trial Before the High Priest in the [[Sanhedrin]]
|Jesus was taken to Caiaphas, the high priest, to be questioned. When He affirmed that He was the Son of God, the high priest became enraged, spat in His face, and struck Him with his fist.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A57%E2%80%9368&version=NIV 26:57–68]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A53%E2%80%9365&version=NIV 14:53–65]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A66%E2%80%9371&version=NIV 22:66–71]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2018%3A13-14%2C%2019%E2%80%9324&version=NIV 18:13-14, 19–24]
|-
|Peter Denies Jesus
|Peter, who had followed Jesus after His arrest, sat in the courtyard of the high priest’s house, waiting to see what would happen. When people recognized him, Peter denied knowing Jesus three times, just as Jesus had foretold.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2026%3A69%E2%80%9375&version=NIV 26:69–75]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2014%3A66%E2%80%9372&version=NIV 14:66–72]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2022%3A54%E2%80%9362&version=NIV 22:54–62]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2018%3A15%E2%80%9318%2C%2025%E2%80%9327&version=NIV 18:15–18, 25–27]
|-
|Pilate Questions Jesus
|Jesus was bound and taken to Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, by the chief priests and elders. When Pilate asked Him whether He was the King of the Jews, Jesus replied, “You say so.”
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A1%E2%80%932%2C%2011%E2%80%9314&version=NIV 27:1–2, 11–14]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A1%E2%80%935&version=NIV 15:1–5]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A1%E2%80%9315&version=NIV 23:1–15]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2018%3A28%E2%80%9338&version=NIV 18:28–38]
|-
|Sent to [[Herod]]
|Pilate sent Jesus to Herod, but Herod also found no fault in Him and sent Him back to Pilate.
| || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A6%E2%80%9312&version=NIV 23:6–12]
|
|-
|Sentenced to Be Crucified
|Pilate followed the custom of releasing one prisoner during the feast. He asked the crowd whether they wanted him to release Jesus or Barabbas, a notorious criminal. The people shouted for Barabbas to be released and demanded that Jesus be crucified. Fearing a riot, Pilate ultimately gave in to their demands and sentenced Jesus to be crucified.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A15%E2%80%9326&version=NIV 27:15–26]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A6%E2%80%9315&version=NIV 15:6–15]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A13%E2%80%9325&version=NIV 23:13–25]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2018%3A39%E2%80%9319%3A16&version=NIV 18:39–19:16]
|-
|Beaten and Mocked
|Jesus was scourged by the soldiers, who mocked Him by placing a crown of thorns on His head.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A27%E2%80%9331&version=NIV 27:27–31]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A16%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 15:16–20]
| ||
|-
|Carrying the Cross to Golgotha
|Jesus carried His cross to a place called Golgotha, which means “the Place of the Skull.” On the way, a man named Simon of Cyrene was compelled to help Him carry the cross.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A32%E2%80%9333&version=NIV 27:32–33]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A21%E2%80%9322&version=NIV 15:21–22]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A26&version=NIV 23:26]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2019%3A17&version=NIV 19:17]
|-
|Crucified and Died on the Cross
|The soldiers nailed Jesus to the cross, and above His head they placed a sign that read, “JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.” He suffered on the cross from the third hour until the ninth hour, and then He gave up His spirit.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A35%E2%80%9350&version=NIV 27:35–50]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A24%E2%80%9337&version=NIV 15:24–37]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A33%E2%80%9346&version=NIV 23:33–46]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2019%3A18%E2%80%9330&version=NIV 19:18–30]
|-
|Buried in Joseph’s Tomb
|Joseph of Arimathea, a wealthy man and disciple of Jesus, went to Pilate and asked for Jesus’ body. After receiving permission, he wrapped the body in clean linen and laid it in a new tomb he had cut out of the rock.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2027%3A57%E2%80%9360&version=NIV 27:57–60]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2015%3A42%E2%80%9347&version=NIV 15:42–47]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2023%3A50%E2%80%9354&version=NIV 23:50–54]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2019%3A38%E2%80%9342&version=NIV 19:38–42]
|-
|Resurrection
|On the third day after His death, Jesus rose from the dead, just as He had foretold.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2028%3A1%E2%80%9310&version=NIV 28:1–10]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016%3A1%E2%80%939&version=NIV 16:1–9]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024%3A1%E2%80%939&version=NIV 24:1–9]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2020%3A1%E2%80%9318&version=NIV 20:1–18]
|-
|Appeared to Two Disciples on the Road to Emmaus
|Jesus appeared to two disciples walking to Emmaus. As He explained the [[Bible|Scriptures]] to them, their hearts were moved, and their eyes were opened when He broke bread with them.
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016%3A12%E2%80%9313&version=NIV 16:12–13]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024%3A13%E2%80%9335&version=NIV 24:13–35]
|
|-
|Appeared to the Eleven Disciples After His Resurrection
|The resurrected Jesus appeared to His disciples.
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016%3A14&version=NIV 16:14]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024%3A36%E2%80%9343&version=NIV 24:36–43]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2020%3A19%E2%80%9331&version=NIV 20:19–31]
|-
|Three Questions to Peter
|Jesus asked Peter three times, “Do you love Me?” Each time Peter answered yes, and Jesus said, “Feed My sheep.”
| || || ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John%2021%3A15%E2%80%9317&version=NIV 21:15–17]
|-
|Giving the gospel mission to His disciples
|Before His ascension, Jesus gave His disciples the mission to preach the gospel to all nations.
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%2028%3A16%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 28:16–20]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016%3A15%E2%80%9318&version=NIV 16:15–18]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024%3A44%E2%80%9349&version=NIV 24:44–49]
|
|-
|Ascension
|Jesus fulfilled all the prophecies of the Bible and ascended to heaven before the eyes of His disciples.
| ||[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark%2016%3A19%E2%80%9320&version=NIV 16:19–20]
|[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke%2024%3A50%E2%80%9353&version=NIV 24:50–53]
|
|}

==See also==
* [[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]]
* [[Messiah]]
* [[Christ]]
* [[Jesus Christ]]
* [[Life of Jesus]]
* [[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]]
* [[Jesus’ Appearance and Living Environment]]
* [[Miracles of Jesus]]
* [[The Teachings of Jesus Christ]]
* [[The Last Supper]]
* [[Crucifixion]]
* [[Jesus’ Resurrection]]
* [[The Ascension of Jesus]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category: God the Father]]
[[Category: Bible Knowledge]]

Children of Promise

2025-11-28T01:43:31Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:약속의 자녀]]The '''children of promise''' are those to whom [[God]] foretold blessings through prophecy even before their birth. In the Old Testament, [[Isaac]] and [[Jacob]] serve as representative examples of such children.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+9%3A7-13&version=NIV |title=Romans 9:7–13 |quote= }}</ref> Likewise, the saints who will receive salvation are consistently prophesied in both the Old and New Testaments as the children of promise. Not all [[Church|churches]] that profess faith in God are recognized as His people; only those who become the children of promise make up the true church that will receive salvation.<ref>Chapter 5 The Children of Promise and the Remnant, ''THE MYSTERY OF GOD AND THE SPRING OF THE WATER OF LIFE Melchizedek Pub. Co., Ltd'', Ahnsahnghong</ref>

==Children of Promise and Children of the Flesh==
The [[Bible]] clearly distinguishes between the children of promise and the children of the flesh. The Apostle [[Paul]] explained this distinction by referring to the examples of Isaac and Jacob.
{{quote5 |내용= Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.” In other words, it is not the natural children who are God’s children, but it is the '''children of the promise''' who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring. For this was how the promise was stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.” . . . she was told, “The older will serve the younger.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+9%3A7-13&version=NIV Romans 9:7–13]}}

Only the children of promise are acknowledged by God as His true offspring—those who received His promise through prophecy even before their birth. In contrast, those born apart from God’s promise are regarded as children of the flesh. In the New Testament era, the promise of God remains of utmost importance, for it concerns nothing less than the salvation of the [[soul]].

===Isaac and Ishmael===
[[file:Abraham verdrijft Hagar en Ismaël Verhaal van Abraham (serietitel), RP-P-H-Z-64.jpg |thumb| 300px |''Abraham Sending Away Hagar and Ishmael'', Georg Pencz, 1541–1545]]
[[Abraham]] remained without a child until he was eighty-five years old. In his concern over having no heir, his wife [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] gave her maidservant [[Hagar]] to him as a concubine, and through her, Ishmael was born.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+16%3A1-16&version=NIV |title=Genesis 16:1–16 |quote= }}</ref> However, God did not recognize Ishmael—who was born apart from His promise—as Abraham’s heir.
{{quote5 |내용= And Abraham said to God, “If only Ishmael might live under your blessing!” Then God said, “Yes, but your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will call him Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A18-19&version=NIV Genesis 17:18–19]}}

When Abraham was ninety-nine years old, God appeared to him in human form and promised that Sarah would bear a son. Just as God had spoken, Sarah gave birth to Isaac the following year, and he became [[The History of Abraham’s Family|Abraham’s rightful heir]].

===Jacob and Esau===
[[file:Isaak zegent Jakob Rijksmuseum SK-A-110.jpeg |thumb| 300px |''Isaac Blessing Jacob'', Govert Flinck, 1638]]
Isaac took Rebekah as his wife when he was forty years old. For nearly twenty years, they remained without children. Then Isaac prayed to God on behalf of his wife, and God granted his prayer—Rebekah conceived twins. When the two children struggled within her womb, she sought the LORD’s guidance, and He replied:
{{quote5 |내용= Two nations are in your womb, and two peoples from within you will be separated; one people will be stronger than the other, and the older will serve the younger. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A23&version=NIV Genesis 25:23]}}

The “two nations” refer to Jacob and [[Esau]]. Even before their birth, God prophesied that “the older will serve the younger.” This prophecy was fulfilled in Jacob, the child of promise. Although Esau was the [[firstborn]] and, by custom, entitled to the blessing, he was not the one chosen by God’s promise. Consequently, Esau did not receive the blessing, and the inheritance was given to Jacob, the child of promise.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+27%3A37&version=NIV |title=Genesis 27:37 |quote= }}</ref>

===The True Church and the False Church===
Just as there are children of promise and children of the flesh, there are also the church of promise and the churches of the flesh. A church mentioned in the prophecies of the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] prophets is recognized as the church of promise. Regardless of its size, influence, or prestige, any church not founded upon God’s promise cannot receive salvation and belongs merely to the flesh. The prophet Isaiah foretold the coming of a prophet from the East who would accomplish God’s divine purpose,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+46%3A11&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 46:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and the prophet Malachi prophesied about God’s promise concerning the final prophet and the last church.
{{quote5 |내용= See, I will send you the prophet Elijah before that great and dreadful day of the LORD comes.
He will turn the hearts of the fathers to their children, and the hearts of the children to their fathers. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Malachi+4%3A5-6&version=NIV Malachi 4:5–6]}}

While exiled on the island of Patmos in the Mediterranean Sea, the [[John (Apostle)|Apostle John]] recorded a vision of an [[angel]] ascending from the [[Where Jesus Comes a Second Time|East]], holding the seal of the living God.
{{quote5 |내용= Then I saw another angel coming up from the east, having the seal of the living God. He called out in a loud voice to the four angels who had been given power to harm the land and the sea: “Do not harm the land or the sea or the trees until we put a seal on the foreheads of the servants of our God.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+7%3A2-3&version=NIV Revelation 7:2–3]}}

The children of promise, who are to receive salvation in this age, are the church that has fulfilled the prophecies of both the Old and New Testaments. According to the words of the prophets [[Book of Malachi|Malachi]] and [[Isaiah]], as well as the [[revelation]] given to John, the church where the angel from the East appears—bearing the [[Seal of God|seal of the living God]] and carrying out the [[The Mission of Elijah|mission of Elijah]]—is the gathering of the children of promise. This church is the Church of God, destined to inherit eternal life.

==Children of Promise and the Remnant==
The prophet Isaiah also prophesied about the remnant who would receive salvation:
{{quote5 |내용= In that day the '''remnant''' of Israel, the survivors of the house of Jacob, will no longer rely on him who struck them down but will truly rely on the LORD, the Holy One of Israel. A '''remnant''' will return, a remnant of Jacob will return to the Mighty God. Though your people, O Israel, be like the sand by the sea, only a '''remnant''' will return. Destruction has been decreed, overwhelming and righteous. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+10%3A20-22&version=NIV Isaiah 10:20–22]}}

Apostle Paul confirmed that this prophecy refers to the events of the last days:
{{quote5 |내용= Isaiah cries out concerning Israel: “Though the number of the Israelites be like the sand by the sea, only the '''remnant''' will be saved. For the Lord will carry out his sentence on earth with speed and finality.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+9%3A27-28&version=NIV Romans 9:27–28]}}

Although countless people today profess faith in God—like the sand on the seashore—not all will be saved; only the remnant will inherit salvation. The Bible refers to God’s people as both the ''children of promise'' and the ''remnant'', showing that these two terms describe the same group. In other words, the children of promise are the remnant. In the days of Elijah, even amid rampant [[Idol|idolatry]], God preserved seven thousand who had not bowed to [[Baal and Asherah|Baal]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+19%3A18&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 19:18 |quote= }}</ref> Likewise, in this present age, there remains a remnant chosen by grace.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+11%3A3-5&version=NIV |title=Romans 11:3–5 |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, whether they are called “the remnant” or “those chosen by grace,” both refer to the children of promise who are destined to receive salvation.

==The Rest of the Woman’s Offspring==
The book of Revelation portrays the children of promise in the last days—the children of God—as “''the rest of the woman’s offspring.”''

{{quote5 |내용= Then the dragon was enraged at the woman and went off to wage war against the rest of her offspring—those who keep God’s commands and hold fast their testimony of Jesus. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+12%3A17&version=NIV Revelation 12:17]}}
The dragon represents [[Satan (Devil)|Satan]]—the devil, the ancient serpent who deceived [[Eve]] in the Garden of Eden.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+12%3A9&version=NIV |title=Revelation 12:9 |quote= }}</ref> In the last days, the rest of the woman’s offspring engage in a spiritual battle against Satan. The prophecy concerning the woman, the mother of the rest of her offspring, traces back to the book of [[Genesis]].

{{quote5 |내용= And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+3%3A15&version=NIV Genesis 3:15]}}

God declared that He would put enmity between the serpent and the woman, and between their offspring as well. This prophecy was first fulfilled at the First Coming of Jesus and will be fulfilled again in the last days through the rest of the woman’s offspring. Revelation 12 foretells that, after the religious Dark Ages, the rest of the woman’s offspring will stand against the dragon—the ancient serpent.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+12%3A14-17&version=NIV |title=Revelation 12:14–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In Genesis 3, the woman refers to Eve, the wife of [[Adam]]. Eve, who was created just before the rest on the seventh day, foreshadows the [[The Wife (Bride) of the Lamb|Wife of the Lamb]] who appears at the time of eternal rest. Therefore, the rest of the woman’s offspring who confront the dragon in the last days are the saints who believe in [[God the Mother]], the Wife of the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]]. Apostle John prophesied about the Bride who gives the [[The Water of Life|water of life]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&version=NIV |title=Revelation 22:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and Apostle Paul, in the [[book of Galatians]], testified that the children of promise, like Isaac, have a Mother represented by the Heavenly Jerusalem.

{{quote5 |내용= But the Jerusalem that is above is free, and she is '''our mother'''. . . . Now you, brothers, like Isaac, are '''children of promise'''. At that time the son born in the ordinary way persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit. It is the same now. . . . Therefore, brothers, we are not '''children''' of the slave woman, but '''of the free woman'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26-31&version=NIV Galatians 4:26–31]}}

The children of promise are those who are born of the Spirit. In every age, those who live at the time when the prophecy that was foretold in advance is fulfilled are acknowledged as the children of promise and as those born of the Spirit. Today, those who belong to the church established in accordance with the prophecies of the prophets are regarded as the true children of promise and of the Spirit. In the fulfillment of all biblical prophecy, the children of the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]]—who completed the [[The Mission of Elijah|mission of Elijah]]—and God the Mother are the remnant, the children of promise who will receive salvation in the age of the Holy Spirit.

==See also==
*[[The History of Abraham’s Family]]
*[[Isaac]]
*[[Jacob]]
*[[God the Mother]]
*[[Mother, the Source of Life]]
*[[The Spirit and the Bride]]
*[[Heavenly Wedding Banquet]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]
[[Category:Biblical Terms]]
[[Category:God the Mother]]

The History of Abraham’s Family

2025-11-26T07:48:05Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:아브라함 가정의 역사]]'''The history of Abraham’s family''' is recorded in the book of Genesis in the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]]. Among [[Abraham]]’s two sons, it was not Ishmael—the firstborn son of the slave woman [[Hagar]]—who was chosen as the heir, but [[Isaac]], the second son born to his lawful wife [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]]. Through the process of choosing the heir in Abraham’s family, we can understand the kind of faith required to become an heir of [[God]]. The decisive reason Isaac was appointed as Abraham’s heir was the existence of his mother, Sarah. Likewise, to inherit the promised kingdom of God<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=James+2%3A5&version=NIV |title=James 2:5 |quote= }}</ref>—heaven—the existence of Mother is essential.

==The Issue of Abraham’s Heir==
[[Abraham]]’s original name was Abram, but God changed it to Abraham, meaning “father of many nations.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A5&version=NIV |title=Genesis 17:5 |quote= }}</ref> He was born in [https://biblehub.com/topical/u/ur_of_the_chaldees.htm Ur of the Chaldeans] in Mesopotamia and later settled in the land of Canaan. As a tribal chief, Abraham possessed great wealth and numerous livestock, and he commanded hundreds of servants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+13%3A2&version=NIV |title=Genesis 13:2 |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14%3A14&version=NIV |title=Genesis 14:14 |quote= }}</ref>

In tribal societies, the selection of an heir was a matter of great importance, as it ensured the continuation of the family line.<ref>Nancy M. Tischler, [https://www.google.co.kr/books/edition/All_Things_in_the_Bible/_bDOEAAAQBAJ?hl=ko&gbpv=1&dq=tribal+society,+deciding+heir+is+important+matter+for+the+family+in+bible&pg=PA385&printsec=frontcover <nowiki>All Things in the Bible: An Encyclopedia of the Biblical World [2 Volumes]</nowiki>], ''Bloomsbury Publishing'', 2006, pg.385</ref> The book of Genesis in the Old Testament records in detail—across several chapters—the story of how Abraham and his wife Sarah built their household, gave birth to their only son Isaac, and passed on their inheritance. What stands out most is that God Himself directly intervened in the process of choosing Abraham’s heir.

==The Process of Selecting Abraham’s Heir==
===The Servant Eliezer===
Eliezer, a servant from [https://biblehub.com/topical/d/damascus.htm Damascus], had been brought up in Abraham’s household since childhood. Because Abraham had no son at that time, he considered making Eliezer his heir. However, God rejected this idea and revealed the condition that must be met for someone to become Abraham’s heir.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+15%3A2-4&version=NIV |title=Genesis 15:2–4 |quote= }}</ref>

{{quote5 |내용= A son coming from your own body will be your heir. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+15%3A4&version=NIV Genesis 15:4]}}

The condition was that the heir must be Abraham’s own offspring. This shows that Eliezer was disqualified simply because he was not Abraham’s son. Although Eliezer was a loyal servant who had devoted his life to Abraham’s household, he could not become the heir, for lineage—not devotion—was the determining factor.

===The Firstborn Son Ishmael===
Ishmael, Abraham’s first son, was born when Abraham was eighty-six years old.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+16%3A15-16&version=NIV |title=Genesis 16:15–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Since his wife Sarah had been barren for many years, she gave her maidservant [[Hagar]] to Abraham as a concubine, and through her, Ishmael was born.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+16%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Genesis 16:1–2 |quote= }}</ref> Ishmael fulfilled the first condition God had set—that the heir must be a biological son of Abraham. However, when Abraham sought to appoint Ishmael as his heir, God rejected him as well<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A18-19&version=NIV |title=Genesis 17:18–19 |quote= }}</ref> and established another condition.

{{quote5 |내용= Then God said, “Yes, but your wife Sarah will bear you a son, and you will call him Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A19&version=NIV Genesis 17:19]}}

The additional condition God established was that the heir must be the son of Abraham’s wife, Sarah. Although Ishmael was indeed Abraham’s son, he could not become the heir because his mother was not Sarah. Later, during the great feast held to celebrate Isaac’s weaning, Sarah saw Ishmael mocking Isaac. As a result, she demanded that Hagar and Ishmael be sent away, and they were expelled from Abraham’s household.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+21%3A8-21&version=NIV |title=Genesis 21:8–21 |quote= }}</ref>

===The Second Son Isaac===
[[Isaac]] was the only son born to Abraham and his lawful wife, Sarah. God had declared that Sarah, though elderly and past childbearing age, would bear a son, and He named him ''Isaac'', meaning “laughter.”<ref name="Genesis17">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+17%3A19&version=NIV |title=Genesis 17:19 |quote= }}</ref> Abraham was one hundred years old when Isaac was born.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+21%3A2-5&version=NIV |title=Genesis 21:2–5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In fulfillment of God’s promise, Abraham and Sarah were blessed with Isaac in their old age and were filled with joy.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+21%3A2-6&version=NIV |title=Genesis 21:2–6 |quote= }}</ref> After Eliezer and Ishmael were successively disqualified, Isaac was ultimately chosen as Abraham’s rightful heir.

{{quote5 |내용= Abraham left everything he owned to Isaac. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A5&version=NIV Genesis 25:5]}}

Isaac fulfilled both conditions—he was the son of Abraham and also the son of Sarah. In those days, it was customary for the [[firstborn]] to receive the inheritance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A31&version=NIV |title=Genesis 25:31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> From the paternal line, Ishmael was the rightful firstborn and, by tradition, should have been the heir.<ref>Jean-Pierre Isbouts, The Biblical World: An Illustrated Atlas, ''National Geographic'', 2007</ref> However, God disregarded the custom of primogeniture and chose Isaac instead of Ishmael as Abraham’s heir. This was in fulfillment of His prophecy that Sarah would bear a son and His promise to establish His covenant through the son.<ref name="Genesis17" /> Therefore, Isaac, though the second son, became Abraham’s heir because he was not only Abraham’s true son but also the son of Sarah—the free woman—not of Hagar, the slave woman.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="color: white; background: #0F4C82"
|'''Category'''
|'''Father (Free man)'''
|'''Mother (Free woman)'''
|'''Result (Inheritance)'''
|- style="background: white"
|Eliezer
|X
|X
|X
|-
|Ishmael
|O
|X
|X
|-
|'''Isaac'''
|'''O'''
|'''O'''
|'''O'''
|}

==Abraham, Who Represents God the Father==
[[file:The Rich Man in Hell, Seeing Lazarus Embraced by Abraham, from The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus MET DP836625.jpg |thumb|''The Rich Man in Hell, Seeing Lazarus Embraced by Abraham,'' Heinrich Aldegrever, 1554]]
The history of Abraham’s family is closely connected to the mystery of the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]], who said He would reveal what had been hidden since the creation of the world, explained this mystery through [[Parables of Jesus|parables]]—showing that Abraham represents God the Father.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+13%3A34-35&version=NIV |title=Matthew 13:34–35 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In the parable of the rich man and Lazarus, when Lazarus dies and enters heaven, it is described as him going to “Abraham’s side.” Meanwhile, the rich man in [[hell]] calls out to Abraham, addressing him as “Father.” Since only God can be called “Father” in heaven,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A8-9&version=NIV |title=Matthew 6:8–9 |quote= }}</ref> Abraham is portrayed as a figure symbolizing God the Father.
{{quote5 |내용= The time came when the beggar died and the angels carried him to '''Abraham’s side'''. The rich man also died and was buried. In hell, where he was in torment, he looked up and saw Abraham far away, with Lazarus by his side. So he called to him, ‘'''Father Abraham''',’ |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+16%3A19-24&version=NIV Luke 16:19–24]}}

Just as Abraham represents God the Father, Abraham’s heir represents the heir of God. The history of Abraham’s family is not merely a record of one man’s household—it foreshadows the story of God’s people who will receive salvation in the future. God’s direct intervention in determining who was qualified to be Abraham’s heir reveals a profound truth about who is qualified to become God’s heir.

==The Children of Promise Like Isaac==
The Bible describes those who will inherit the kingdom of heaven as “[[Children of Promise|children of promise]]” like Isaac.
{{quote5 |내용= Now you, brothers, like '''Isaac''', are '''children of promise'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A28&version=NIV Galatians 4:28]}}

God’s promise is eternal life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+John%2002&version=NIV |title=1 John 2:25 |quote= }}</ref> When the [[Bible]] speaks of eternal life—the ultimate goal of faith—it mentions Isaac, the son of Abraham. Abraham first had a son in the flesh, Ishmael, through his maidservant Hagar. Fourteen years later, he had Isaac, the child of promise, through his wife Sarah, the free woman.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+9%3A7-8&version=NIV |title=Romans 9:7–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Before Isaac was born, Ishmael held the position of the firstborn. But after the birth of Isaac, the child of promise, Ishmael could no longer receive Abraham’s inheritance and was cast out. In the same way, before the appearance of the spiritual Israelites, the physical Israelites held the position of God’s people. However, when the spiritual Israelites—those who keep the new covenant established by Jesus—appeared, the physical Israelites who clung to the old covenant could no longer receive God’s inheritance.

{{quote5 |내용= At that time the son born in the ordinary way persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit. It is the same now. But what does the Scripture say? “Get rid of the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with the free woman’s son.” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A29-30&version=NIV Galatians 4:29–30]}}

==The Absolute Requirement to Be God’s Heir: The Mother==
The qualifications that the children of promise like Isaac must meet are clearly revealed in the process of selecting Abraham’s heir. Isaac became the heir not only because his father was Abraham, a free man, but also because his mother was Sarah, a free woman. Sarah played a decisive role in Isaac’s inheritance, for without her, he could not have been recognized as Abraham’s heir. In the same way, this illustrates that in the process of becoming God’s heirs, the role of Heavenly Mother is essential.
{{quote5 |내용= But the Jerusalem that is above is '''free''', and she is '''our mother''' . . . Therefore, brothers, we are not children of the slave woman, but '''of the free woman'''.|출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26-31&version=NIV Galatians 4:26–31]}}

“The Jerusalem that is above” refers to the [[New Jerusalem|Heavenly Jerusalem]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> whose reality is the Bride—[[Heavenly Mother]], God the Mother. The Bible teaches that the saints, who are God’s heirs, have Mother, and it emphasizes that God’s heirs are the children of Mother, the free woman. A free person is the opposite of a slave, representing a state unbound by anything. In Abraham’s family, Hagar was a slave, while Sarah was a free woman. From a spiritual standpoint, those who have not received the forgiveness of sins are in the position of slaves,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+8%3A34&version=NIV |title=John 8:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> whereas the only truly free being is God, who is without sin.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+8%3A32&version=NIV |title=John 8:32 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+4%3A14-15&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 4:14–15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+5%3A1&version=NIV |title=Galatians 5:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Just as Isaac, the heir, was born of Abraham and Sarah—both free—God’s people, the saints, are the children of [[God the Father]] and [[God the Mother]], who are true free beings.

{{quote5 |내용= The '''Spirit''' and the '''bride''' say, “Come!” And let him who hears say, “Come!” Whoever is thirsty, let him come; and whoever wishes, let him take the free gift of '''the water of life'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&version=NIV Revelation 22:17]}}

God the Mother works together with God the Father, [[the Holy Spirit]], in the last days to grant salvation. The history of Abraham’s family is not merely an event of the past, but a prophecy. This prophecy was first fulfilled 2,000 years ago when Jesus established the [[New Covenant|new covenant]]: The physical Israelites who clung to the [[Old Covenant|old covenant]] could no longer be God’s heirs, while the spiritual Israelites who kept the new covenant became His heirs. In this age, the prophecy is being fulfilled once again through the [[Second Coming Jesus (Second Coming Christ)|Second Coming Christ]] [[Ahnsahnghong]], who revealed the existence of Heavenly Jerusalem Mother. Just as Isaac, born of Abraham and Sarah, became the heir, today those who believe in both [[God the Father and God the Mother]] are recognized as God’s heirs.

==Bible Verses About God’s Heirs==
*Now if we are children, then we are heirs—'''heirs of God''' and co-heirs with Christ, if indeed we share in his sufferings in order that we may also share in his glory. (Romans 8:17)
*This mystery is that through the gospel the Gentiles are '''heirs''' together with Israel, members together of one body, and sharers together in the promise in Christ Jesus. (Ephesians 3: 6)
*Having been justified by his grace, we might become '''heirs''' having the hope of eternal life.(Titus 3:7)
*Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve '''those who will inherit''' salvation? (Hebrews 1:14)

==See also==
*[[Abraham]]
*[[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)]]
*[[Isaac]]
*[[God the Mother]]
*[[Children of Promise]]

==References==
<references />

[[Category:God the Mother]]
[[Category:Bible Knowledge]]

Mother, the Source of Life

2025-11-26T07:47:56Z

Jaewoo:

[[ko:생명의 근원 어머니]]A mother can be described as the source of life, for countless living beings in the world are born through their mothers. [[God]], who created all things according to His will and embedded His divine nature within them, revealed—through the providence of life’s birth—how eternal life would be given to His children in the future.

==Mother and Life==
God [[the Creator]] made all things with purpose. His invisible power and divine nature are reflected in the created world.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+1%3A20&version=NIV |title=Romans 1:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Since clues to understanding God are contained in nature, one can come to realize His existence through careful observation.
{{quote5 |내용= “You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and '''by your will they were created and have their being.'''” |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+4%3A11&version=NIV Revelation 4:11]}}

There are countless living organisms in nature. Among them, most animals exist as male and female, and their offspring are not born spontaneously but through both a father and a mother. The maternal body plays a crucial role in giving birth to life. Whether on land, in the sky, or in the sea, though their forms and means of survival differ, the principle by which life is born remains the same: the mother’s body serves as the cradle of life. Moreover, the intricate biological processes that occur within the maternal body during pregnancy and childbirth are far too precise and mysterious to be regarded as coincidence.

===Mitochondria, the Energy Factory===
[[file:미토콘드리아DNA_en.jpg |thumb| 300px |Mitochondrial DNA exists independently of nuclear DNA.]]
The basic structural unit of all living organisms is the cell. Within each cell lies an organelle known as the mitochondrion, where the energy required for biological activity is produced.<ref>[https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Mitochondria MITOCHONDRIA,] ''National Human Genome Research Institute''</ref> Energy is the essential element that sustains life, and nearly every organ in the body depends on the energy generated by mitochondria to function properly.

Mitochondria, often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell, possess a remarkable characteristic: While most genetic material is inherited from both father and mother, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited exclusively from the mother. Mitochondria contain their own independent DNA, separate from the DNA found in the cell’s nucleus. During fertilization, the mitochondria located in the tail of the sperm are destroyed and do not enter the egg. Consequently, only the mother’s mitochondrial DNA is passed on to her offspring.{{quote |“At fertilization, the sperm contributes its nuclear DNA to the egg, creating a fertilized egg with a full complement of 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. However, the mitochondria of the sperm are left behind, and thus mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother.”|''Reflections of Our Past: How Human History Is Revealed in Our Genes'', John H. Relethford, Westview Press, 2003, p. 43}}
The fundamental source of energy that enables the zygote to blossom into life—to grow, form hands and feet, and become a living being—comes from the mitochondria inherited from the mother. Even today, humankind continues to live, breathe, and move by means of the life energy passed down through maternal mitochondria.

===The Womb That Gives Birth to Life===
Implantation refers to the stage at which a fertilized embryo attaches to the uterine wall, enabling the fetus to receive oxygen and nutrients from the mother. From that moment, the mother’s entire physiological system becomes finely attuned to the needs of the developing life within her. Every function of her body begins to operate in harmony for the sake of the fetus.

Normally, when a foreign substance enters the body and attaches to cells, those cells release inflammation-inducing substances that sound an internal alarm. This immune response serves as a defense mechanism to protect the body from external threats. However, in pregnancy, something remarkable occurs. The fetus, though carrying genetic material distinct from the mother’s, is not treated as an invader. Upon implantation, the mother’s body alters the genes of the uterine lining cells to turn off the immune alarm system. As a result, the mother’s immune defenses are naturally suppressed, making her more vulnerable to illness during pregnancy.

The amniotic fluid that fills the mother’s womb is far more than simple water. It acts as a soft cushion that shields the fetus from external shocks and prevents the umbilical cord from becoming entangled around the body. It also protects against harmful bacteria and helps regulate the baby’s body temperature. During childbirth, this fluid plays an essential role—it helps open the cervix, washes the birth canal, and keeps it moist, easing the passage of the newborn into the world.<ref>[https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/23310-amniotic-fluid Amniotic Fluid], ''Cleveland Clinic''</ref>

From the very beginning of life until birth, the fetus—unable to do anything on its own—relies completely on the mother’s body. The womb is the safest and most perfect world for the developing child.{{quote |The fetus, unable to do anything on its own, grows within the mother’s womb and is born as a living being full of life and confidence. This miracle is made possible through the umbilical cord and the placenta, which connect the mother and the baby. The mother’s body provides a safe and nurturing home, freely supplying everything the fetus needs to sustain its life and taking in everything that must be discarded.|''God Found in All Creation'', Melchizedek Publishing Co., Ltd., 2016}}

===The Nourishment of Life: Breast Milk===
Milk contains essential nutrients required by the human body, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins. Yet there exists a food even more ideally suited for humans: ''breast milk'', which a mother provides to her newborn at birth.

Breast milk refers to the milk secreted by a woman’s mammary glands during the late stages of pregnancy and after childbirth. It is the sole source of nourishment for newborns and contains nutrients in the most easily absorbable forms and precise ratios for an infant’s needs.<ref>[https://www.breastfeeding.asn.au/resources/whats-so-great-about-breastmilk What’s so great about breastmilk?,] ''Australian Breastfeeding Association''</ref> Moreover, its composition and quantity naturally adjust according to the baby’s developmental stage. The colostrum, produced in the first days after birth, is rich in immune-boosting components, while mature milk provides the nutrients that support metabolism and supply the energy required for growth.<ref>Dr. Liji Thomas, MD, [https://www.news-medical.net/health/The-Constituents-of-Breast-Milk.aspx The Constituents of Breast Milk], ''Medical News'', September 13, 2021</ref>

For a newborn entering an unfamiliar and uncertain world, breastfeeding offers the most comforting and reassuring moments. Babies who are breastfed tend to be not only physically healthier but also more emotionally stable than those who are formula-fed.<ref>[https://www.unicef.org/stories/guinea-bissau-exclusive-breastfeeding-protects-lives-infants-and-mothers In Guinea-Bissau, exclusive breastfeeding protects the lives of infants and mothers], ''unicef'', August 2, 2016</ref> During breastfeeding, the mother’s body releases increased levels of oxytocin—often referred to as the ''“hormone of love.”<ref>Howard E. LeWine, MD, [https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/oxytocin-the-love-hormone Oxytocin: The love hormone], ''Harvard Health Publishing'', June 13, 2023</ref>'' This hormone deepens maternal affection and strengthens the emotional bond between mother and child. Because it can even sustain premature or ailing infants, breast milk is often called ''“the nourishment of life.”''{{quote |“Breast-milk is also an important source of energy and nutrients in children aged 6–23 months. It can provide half or more of a child’s energy needs between the ages of 6 and 12 months, and one third of energy needs between 12 and 24 months. Breast-milk is also a critical source of energy and nutrients during illness, and reduces mortality among children who are malnourished.”|[https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding "Infant and young child feeding,"] <i>World Health Organization</i>, December 20, 2023}} <br><br>
[[File:Schaf und Lämmer. IMG 9163WI.jpg|thumb| 260px |A mother sheep nursing her young]]
The image of a mother who endures pain to give birth, then raises her young with devotion and protects them from harm, is common throughout the animal kingdom. Yet among all living beings, humans require the greatest love and dedication from their mothers, for their growth and development are slower and more delicate than those of any other creature. The mother’s body is the origin of life, and her embrace is the most peaceful refuge an infant can know. By correctly understanding the purpose for which God created humanity in [[The Image of God|His image]] and instilled such maternal qualities, one can clearly perceive the divine nature of God, who grants eternal life.
{{quote5 |내용= For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities—his eternal power and '''divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made''', so that men are without excuse. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+1%3A20&version=NIV Romans 1:20]}}

==God Who Came to Give Life==
All life has a beginning and an end. Flowers bloom and wither, animals are born and eventually die, and even human beings—crowned as the lords of creation—cannot escape death. Throughout history, humanity has pursued the age-old desire for immortality. Scientists have devoted themselves to curing diseases and extending life, yet even with remarkable advancements in life sciences, death remains a boundary that cannot be crossed.

Jesus once said to His disciples, “Let the dead bury their own dead.” With these words, He referred even to those who are physically alive as the dead,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+8%3A22&version=NIV |title=Matthew 8:22 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> for all are destined to die. Jesus came to this earth to save such humankind—to give life to those perishing under the power of death.

{{quote5|내용=“The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I have come that they may have '''life''', and have it to the full.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+10%3A10&version=NIV John 10:10]}}{{quote5|내용=Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the '''life'''. He who believes in me will live, even though he dies.”|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+11%3A25&version=NIV John 11:25]}}

God is the One who gives life and breath to all people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+17%3A25&version=NIV |title=Acts 17:25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Only God possesses eternal life,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+6%3A16&version=NIV |title=1 Timothy 6:16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and He alone holds the authority to grant life to mortal beings. Two thousand years ago, those who believed in and received Jesus were given life. Jesus, who came to give life, is God Himself—the very Father of the saints who are to be saved (cf. [[Trinity]]). The [[Bible]] prophesies that [[God the Father]] will come to this earth a second time to bring salvation to humankind,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+9%3A28&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 9:28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and that when He appears again, He will come together with [[God the Mother]].

==Heavenly Mother, the Source of Eternal Life==
The book of [[Genesis]] contains the account of God creating mankind. The words spoken at that time clearly reveal that God exists as both '''Father''' and '''Mother'''.

{{quote5 |내용= Then God said, “Let '''us''' make man in '''our image''', in '''our likeness''', and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” So '''God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+1%3A26-27&version=NIV Genesis 1:26–27]}}

When creating mankind, God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness.” If God were only one Father, the plural form could not have been used. In the original Hebrew text of the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]], the word for “God” is commonly written as [[Elohim]] (אֱלֹהִים), the plural form of [[Eloah]] (אֱלוֹהַּ), meaning “God.” In the passage describing the creation of mankind, God is also referred to as Elohim.

As a result of being created in the image of God Elohim, male and female were created. This is evidence that God exists in both male and female form. The [[The New Testament|New Testament]] also clearly testifies not only about the Father in heaven,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+6%3A9&version=NIV |title=Matthew 6:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> but also about the existence of the Mother in heaven:

{{quote5 |내용= But the Jerusalem that is above is free, and she is '''our mother'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV Galatians 4:26]}}

Here, “above” refers to heaven, and “our” refers to the saints who are to be saved. Apostle [[Paul]], inspired by the Holy Spirit,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+1%3A21&version=NIV |title=2 Peter 1:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> recorded in the Bible that [[Heavenly Mother]] exists. At the time this was written, the appointed time of prophecy had not yet come, so God the Mother remained hidden. However, when the set time arrives, She will be revealed.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+19%3A7&version=NIV |title=Revelation 19:7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>

===The Source of the Water of Life===
The reason God the Mother appears is to give life. Just as the principle that life is conceived and born through a mother is evident in all creation, the Bible teaches that eternal life will likewise be given through God the Mother.

{{quote5 |내용= The '''Spirit and the bride''' say, “Come!” And let him who hears say, “Come!” Whoever is thirsty, let him come; and whoever wishes, let him take the free gift of the water of life. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&version=NIV Revelation 22:17]}}

Just as living beings cannot survive without water, the [[The Water of Life|water of life]] is essential for the life of the [[soul]]. The [[The Holy Spirit|Spirit]] who grants the water of life represents God the Father. The [[The Wife (Bride) of the Lamb|Bride]] refers to the Heavenly Jerusalem Mother—that is, God the Mother.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+21%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Revelation 21:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Therefore, in order to receive the water of life, thirsty humankind must come not only to the Spirit, but also to the Bride, Heavenly Mother.

The Old Testament also contains a prophecy that the water of life will flow out from [[Jerusalem]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Zechariah+14%3A8&version=NIV |title=Zechariah 14:8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel+47%3A1-12&version=NIV |title=Ezekiel 47:1–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This prophecy, too, refers to the appearance of Heavenly Mother in the last days. Both the Old and New Testaments testify that the source of the water of life is Heavenly Jerusalem Mother. God the Mother, who revives souls through the water of life, is the source of life and the giver of salvation in the last days.

===The Last Eve===
[[file:영혼의 부모님으로부터 생명 얻음_en.png |thumb| 250px |Just as life is born through both a father and a mother, spiritual life is also given through God the Father and God the Mother.]]
The first human beings, created in the image and likeness of God, were [[Adam]] and [[Eve]]. Adam, as a pattern of [[Jesus Christ]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+5%3A14-21&version=NIV |title=Romans 5:14–21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> represents God the Father. His wife Eve represents God the Mother.

{{quote5 |내용= Adam named his wife '''Eve''', because she would become the '''mother of all the living'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+3%3A20&version=NIV Genesis 3:20]}}

The name ''Eve'' means “life,” and the Bible says she would become “the mother of all the living.” This reveals that the true reality of Eve is God the Mother, who grants eternal life to humankind. In other words, when God created Eve alongside Adam on the final day of the [[Six-Day Creation|six-day creation]] and gave her the role of bearing life, it was a prophetic sign of the appearance of God the Mother—together with God the Father—at the culmination of the work of redemption to bestow eternal life.

==See also==
*[[God the Mother]]
*[[God the Mother, Testified by All Creation]]
*[[Heavenly Family]]
*[[Elohim]]
*[[The Water of Life]]

==External links==
*[https://jerusalemmother.com/en/ God the Mother Official Website]

==Related videos==
*Who gives life?
<youtube>sInccMiSgWA</youtube>

==References==
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[[Category:God the Mother]]