Day of Resurrection: Difference between revisions
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{{절기 | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:부활절]][[vi:Lễ Phục Sinh]][[es:Día de Resurrección]][[ne:पुनरुत्थानको दिन]][[pt:O Dia da Ressurreição]]<!-- interlanguage:end --><!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:부활절]][[vi:Lễ Phục Sinh]][[es:Día de Resurrección]][[ne:पुनरुत्थानको दिन]][[pt:O Dia da Ressurreição]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->{{절기 | ||
|above = Day of Resurrection | |above = Day of Resurrection | ||
|image = [[file:The resurrection day.jpg|thumb|center|''Jesus Resurrected and Mary Magdalene'' by Heinrich Hofmann]] | |image = [[file:The resurrection day.jpg|thumb|center|''Jesus Resurrected and Mary Magdalene'' by Heinrich Hofmann]] | ||
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|Fulfillment of prophecy = | |Fulfillment of prophecy = | ||
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'''Day of Resurrection''' (Resurrection Day) is a [[feast of God]] that commemorates Jesus’ resurrection three days after His death on the [[cross]]. In the Bible, the date of Resurrection Day is the “day after the first [[Sabbath]] (Sunday) following the [[Feast of Unleavened Bread]].” However, most churches keep it on the first Sunday after the full Moon that occurs on or after the spring equinox, calling it Easter. In many countries in Europe, the day before and after Easter is a national holiday, and it is celebrated as one of the biggest holidays of the year. In the U.S., spring break is generally before and after Easter, and it is observed by a large majority of schools. Many companies are closed and enjoy a holiday around Easter.<ref>[https://www.officeholidays.com/countries/france/2022 List of Holidays in France in 2022]. Public Holidays in France in 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.feiertage.net/frei-tage.php Gesetzliche Feiertage in Nordrhein-Westfalen 2022]. Die Feiertage 2022, 2023 n Deutschland.</ref><ref>[https://www.euronext.com/en/trade/trading-hours-holidays Calendar of business days 2022]. Trading Hours & Holidays, ''EURONEXT''.</ref><ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/fg-declares-holidays-for-easter-celebration/ FG declares holidays for Easter celebration]. ''The Guardian'', March 30, 2021</ref><ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/news/2017/04/16/christians-around-the-world-celebrate-easter-sunday/100544548/ Christians around the world celebrate Easter Sunday]. ''USA TODAY'', April 17, 2017.</ref> | '''Day of Resurrection''' (Resurrection Day) is a [[feast of God]] that commemorates Jesus’ resurrection three days after His death on the [[cross]]. In the Bible, the date of Resurrection Day is the “day after the first [[Sabbath]] (Sunday) following the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]].” However, most churches keep it on the first Sunday after the full Moon that occurs on or after the spring equinox, calling it Easter. In many countries in Europe, the day before and after Easter is a national holiday, and it is celebrated as one of the biggest holidays of the year. In the U.S., spring break is generally before and after Easter, and it is observed by a large majority of schools. Many companies are closed and enjoy a holiday around Easter.<ref>[https://www.officeholidays.com/countries/france/2022 List of Holidays in France in 2022]. Public Holidays in France in 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.feiertage.net/frei-tage.php Gesetzliche Feiertage in Nordrhein-Westfalen 2022]. Die Feiertage 2022, 2023 n Deutschland.</ref><ref>[https://www.euronext.com/en/trade/trading-hours-holidays Calendar of business days 2022]. Trading Hours & Holidays, ''EURONEXT''.</ref><ref>[https://guardian.ng/news/fg-declares-holidays-for-easter-celebration/ FG declares holidays for Easter celebration]. ''The Guardian'', March 30, 2021</ref><ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/news/2017/04/16/christians-around-the-world-celebrate-easter-sunday/100544548/ Christians around the world celebrate Easter Sunday]. ''USA TODAY'', April 17, 2017.</ref> | ||
==Origin of Resurrection Day== | ==Origin of Resurrection Day== | ||
<small>{{참고|Day of Firstfruits|설명=}}</small> The origin of Resurrection Day is the [[resurrection of Jesus]]. A more fundamental origin can be found in the [[ | <small>{{참고|Day of Firstfruits|설명=}}</small> The origin of Resurrection Day is the [[resurrection of Jesus]]. A more fundamental origin can be found in the [[Feast of Firstfruits]] from the Old Testament times. The Day of Firstfruits was established to commemorate [[Moses]]’ landing after crossing the [[Red Sea]], leading the Israelites about 3,500 years ago.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+14%3A21-30&version=NIV |title=Exodus 14:21–30 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> It was celebrated on the day after the first Sabbath (Sunday) following the Feast of Unleavened Bread. On that day, the priest waved a sheaf of the first grain before God. | ||
{{quote5 |내용=“Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land I am going to give you and you reap its harvest, bring to the priest '''a sheaf of the first grain''' you harvest. He is to wave the sheaf before the LORD so it will be accepted on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the '''day after the Sabbath.'''’ ” |출처=[https://www. | {{quote5 |내용=“Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you enter the land I am going to give you and you reap its harvest, bring to the priest '''a sheaf of the first grain''' you harvest. He is to wave the sheaf before the LORD so it will be accepted on your behalf; the priest is to wave it on the '''day after the Sabbath.'''’ ” |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+23%3A9-14&version=NIV Leviticus 23:9–14]}} | ||
The firstfruits offered on the Day of Firstfruits in the Old Testament represented [[Jesus Christ]]. Jesus fulfilled the prophecy of the Day of Firstfruits by being resurrected as the firstfruits of those who had fallen asleep. | The firstfruits offered on the Day of Firstfruits in the Old Testament represented [[Jesus Christ]]. Jesus fulfilled the prophecy of the Day of Firstfruits by being resurrected as the firstfruits of those who had fallen asleep. | ||
{{quote5 |내용=But '''Christ''' has indeed been raised from the dead, '''the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.''' |출처=[https://www. | {{quote5 |내용=But '''Christ''' has indeed been raised from the dead, '''the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.''' |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+15%3A20&version=NIV 1 Corinthians 15:20]}} | ||
==Date of Resurrection Day== | ==Date of Resurrection Day== | ||
===The Date in the Bible=== | ===The Date in the Bible=== | ||
Jesus was arrested on the night of the [[Passover]], died on the cross on the Feast of Unleavened Bread,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www. | Jesus was arrested on the night of the [[Passover]], died on the cross on the Feast of Unleavened Bread,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+26-27&version=NIV |title=Matthew 26–27 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and fulfilled the prophecy of the Day of Firstfruits by being resurrected on the day after the Sabbath (Sunday). | ||
{{quote5 |내용=When Jesus rose early on the '''first day of the week''', he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had driven seven demons. |출처=[https://www. | {{quote5 |내용=When Jesus rose early on the '''first day of the week''', he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, out of whom he had driven seven demons. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+16%3A1-9&version=NIV Mark 16:1–9]}} | ||
Thus, Resurrection Day is the day when the prophecy of the Feast of Firstfruits was fulfilled, so it must be observed on the '''day after the first Sabbath following the Feast of Unleavened Bread''', just like the Day of Firstfruits. | Thus, Resurrection Day is the day when the prophecy of the Feast of Firstfruits was fulfilled, so it must be observed on the '''day after the first Sabbath following the Feast of Unleavened Bread''', just like the Day of Firstfruits. | ||
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===Biblical Ceremony: Resurrection Day Bread=== | ===Biblical Ceremony: Resurrection Day Bread=== | ||
The [[Bible]] records how Jesus was resurrected and appeared to His two disciples who were on their way to Emmaus. The two disciples talked with Jesus, but they did not recognize Him. It was because their eyes were covered.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www. | The [[Bible]] records how Jesus was resurrected and appeared to His two disciples who were on their way to Emmaus. The two disciples talked with Jesus, but they did not recognize Him. It was because their eyes were covered.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A13-16&version=NIV |title=Luke 24:13–16 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> So Jesus gave them the bread He had given thanks for to eat, and the disciples’ eyes were opened to realize that they had been talking with Jesus, who had died on the cross.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+24%3A30-34&version=NIV |title=Luke 24:30–34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Afterwards, the saints of the early Church celebrated the Resurrection Day '''by breaking bread''' on the day after the first Sabbath coming after the Feast of Unleavened Bread, following the example of Jesus. | ||
{{quote5 |내용=After the Feast of Unleavened Bread . . . On the first day of the week we came together to break bread. |출처=[https://www. | {{quote5 |내용=After the Feast of Unleavened Bread . . . On the first day of the week we came together to break bread. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+20%3A6-7&version=NIV Acts 20:6–7]}} | ||
The [[World Mission Society Church of God]] keeps the Resurrection Day on the basis of the dates of the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened in the Bible, and break the bread, following the example of Jesus.<ref>[https://watv.org/bible_word/resurrection-day/ Resurrection Day of Jesus Christ], ''WATV.org''</ref><ref>[https://watv.org/sacred-assemblies-2022/ Sacred Assemblies of the Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and the Day of Resurrection 2022], ''WATV.org'', April 15, 2022</ref> | The [[World Mission Society Church of God]] keeps the Resurrection Day on the basis of the dates of the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened in the Bible, and break the bread, following the example of Jesus.<ref>[https://watv.org/bible_word/resurrection-day/ Resurrection Day of Jesus Christ], ''WATV.org''</ref><ref>[https://watv.org/sacred-assemblies-2022/ Sacred Assemblies of the Passover, the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and the Day of Resurrection 2022], ''WATV.org'', April 15, 2022</ref> | ||
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===Pagan Customs: Easter Eggs and Bunny=== | ===Pagan Customs: Easter Eggs and Bunny=== | ||
Today, many churches celebrate Easter by eating boiled eggs, and regard bunnies and eggs as symbols of Easter. The reason bunnies and eggs became the symbols of Easter is assumed to be because the custom of worshiping the goddess Easter (Ēostre) of the Teutons, who governed spring and dawn, was introduced into Christianity.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/summary/Easter-holiday Easter summary], ''Britannica''</ref> Since spring is the season of new life, Easter was regarded as the ''goddess of fertility'', and bunnies and eggs were both used as symbols of fertility.<ref>[https://www.crosswalk.com/special-coverage/easter/who-is-eostre-and-what-does-she-have-to-do-with-easter.html "Who Is Eostre and What Does She Have to Do With Easter?"]. ''crosswalk.com''. 2022. 3. 18.</ref> The fact that the Resurrection Day is called ''Easter'' in English and ''Ostern'' in German proves that Resurrection Day has been changed by the influence of pagan religions. The origin of Easter the goddess and eggs goes back further in history. Ancient Babylonians believed that a large egg fell into the Euphrates River from the sky and that the goddess Ishtar was hatched from this egg.<ref>Alexander Hislop, The Two Babylons, pg. 109, 1998</ref> In Israel, this goddess was called ''Ashtoreth''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2265-baaltis |title="ASTARTE WORSHIP AMONG THE HEBREWS" |website=Jewish Encyclopedia |publisher= |date= |year= |author= |page= |series= |isbn= |quote= | Today, many churches celebrate Easter by eating boiled eggs, and regard bunnies and eggs as symbols of Easter. The reason bunnies and eggs became the symbols of Easter is assumed to be because the custom of worshiping the goddess Easter (Ēostre) of the Teutons, who governed spring and dawn, was introduced into Christianity.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/summary/Easter-holiday Easter summary], ''Britannica''</ref> Since spring is the season of new life, Easter was regarded as the ''goddess of fertility'', and bunnies and eggs were both used as symbols of fertility.<ref>[https://www.crosswalk.com/special-coverage/easter/who-is-eostre-and-what-does-she-have-to-do-with-easter.html "Who Is Eostre and What Does She Have to Do With Easter?"]. ''crosswalk.com''. 2022. 3. 18.</ref> The fact that the Resurrection Day is called ''Easter'' in English and ''Ostern'' in German proves that Resurrection Day has been changed by the influence of pagan religions. The origin of Easter the goddess and eggs goes back further in history. Ancient Babylonians believed that a large egg fell into the Euphrates River from the sky and that the goddess Ishtar was hatched from this egg.<ref>Alexander Hislop, The Two Babylons, pg. 109, 1998</ref> In Israel, this goddess was called ''Ashtoreth''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2265-baaltis |title="ASTARTE WORSHIP AMONG THE HEBREWS" |website=Jewish Encyclopedia |publisher= |date= |year= |author= |page= |series= |isbn= |quote= | ||
}}</ref> The Bible tells us that Israel provoked God to anger by adopting the customs of pagan religions.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www. | }}</ref> The Bible tells us that Israel provoked God to anger by adopting the customs of pagan religions.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+2%3A12-15&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |title=Judges 2:12–15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?type=general&q1=1+Kings+11%3A31-33&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&pm=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |title=1 Kings 11:31–33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Recognizing this problem, some Christian groups celebrate Easter by eating candy or chocolate instead of boiled eggs, but this is also a non-biblical custom that cannot be found in the early Church.<ref>[https://www.eatthis.com/news-most-popular-easter-candy/ The #1 Most Popular Easter Candy, According to New Data], Earth This, Not That!, April 11, 2022</ref> | ||
*'''Names of Resurrection Day in Each Language''' | *'''Names of Resurrection Day in Each Language''' | ||
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|Πάσχα [Pascar] | |Πάσχα [Pascar] | ||
|Pronunciation of the Hebrew word פֶּסַח [pesach]<ref>[https://www.studylight.org/lexicons/eng/hebrew/6453.html Strong's #6453 - פֶּסַח], ''StudyLight.org''</ref> in the Greek way | |Pronunciation of the Hebrew word פֶּסַח [pesach]<ref>[https://www.studylight.org/lexicons/eng/hebrew/6453.html Strong's #6453 - פֶּסַח], ''StudyLight.org''</ref> in the Greek way | ||
| rowspan="9" |In the Bible, Pascha is a feast that Jesus celebrated on the day before He suffered.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www. | | rowspan="9" |In the Bible, Pascha is a feast that Jesus celebrated on the day before He suffered.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+22%3A15&version=NIV |title=Luke 22:15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The Holy Supper of Pascha is a ceremony to commemorate Jesus’ death<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+11%3A23-26&version=NIV |title=1 Corinthians 11:23–26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>, not His resurrection. Nevertheless, it became common in the Western Church to celebrate the Holy Supper on the day commemorating the resurrection of Jesus. So in some languages, the day of Jesus’ resurrection is wrongfully called Pascha.<ref>Alexander Hislop, The Two Babylons or The Papal Worship: Proved to be the Worship of Nimrod and his Wife, Volume 27, pg. 149</ref> | ||
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|Latin | |Latin | ||