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[[File:Judgement of Solomon.jpg|thumb|250px|''Judgement of Solomon'' by Gustave Doré, 1865]]
<!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:솔로몬의 재판]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->'''The Judgment of Solomon''' is an incident where two women claimed the same child as their own and Solomon used maternal instinct to discern the true mother. The Judgment of Solomon, recorded in the Bible, is the only trial among many cases handled during Solomon's reign, which demonstrates his exceptional wisdom.
'''The Judgment of Solomon''' is an incident where two women claimed the same child as their own and Solomon used maternal instinct to discern the true mother. The Judgment of Solomon, recorded in the Bible, is the only trial among many cases handled during Solomon's reign, which demonstrates his exceptional wisdom.


==Solomon, the King of Wisdom==
==Solomon, the King of Wisdom==
[[Solomon]], known as the King of Wisdom, was a figure of the 10th century BCE, the third king of the ancient Israelite kingdom following David.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/solomon/#:~:text=Definition&amp;text=According%20to%20biblical%20tradition%20(and,ancient%20United%20Kingdom%20of%20Israel. |title=Solomon |publisher= |website=World History Encyclopedia |date=January 25, 2017 |author= }}</ref> Succeeding David, Solomon ruled for 40 years, during which he built various cities, including the [[Jerusalem]] Temple, and the palace, elevating the nation's status, strengthening its power, and expanding its territory.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+8%3A1-10&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 8:1–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+9%3A30-31&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 9:30–31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After his coronation, Solomon offered God a thousand burnt offerings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A4&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> [[Sacrifice in the Old Testament|Burnt offerings]] involve sacrificing animals by burning them as a ceremony. He went to the Gibeon high place, which was large with an altar of burnt offerings built during the time of Moses, and offered abundant sacrifices to God with all his might and sincerity. That night, God appeared to Solomon in a dream and asked him.  
[[Solomon]], known as the King of Wisdom, was a figure of the 10th century BCE, the third king of the ancient Israelite kingdom following David.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/solomon/#:~:text=Definition&amp;text=According%20to%20biblical%20tradition%20(and,ancient%20United%20Kingdom%20of%20Israel. |title=Solomon |publisher= |website=World History Encyclopedia |date=January 25, 2017 |author= }}</ref> Succeeding David, Solomon ruled for 40 years, during which he built various cities, including the [[Jerusalem]] Temple, and the palace, elevating the nation's status, strengthening its power, and expanding its territory.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+8%3A1-10&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 8:1–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+9%3A30-31&version=NIV |title=2 Chronicles 9:30–31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> After his coronation, Solomon offered God a thousand burnt offerings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A4&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> [[Sacrifices in the Old Testament|Burnt offerings]] involve sacrificing animals by burning them as a ceremony. He went to the Gibeon high place, which was large with an altar of burnt offerings built during the time of Moses, and offered abundant sacrifices to God with all his might and sincerity. That night, God appeared to Solomon in a dream and asked him.  
{{quote5 |내용= Ask for whatever you want me to give you. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A5&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:5]}} {{quote5 |내용= So give your servant a discerning heart to govern your people and to distinguish between right and wrong. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A9&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:9]}}
{{quote5 |내용= Ask for whatever you want me to give you. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A5&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:5]}} {{quote5 |내용= So give your servant a discerning heart to govern your people and to distinguish between right and wrong. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A9&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:9]}}
When God asked what he desired, Solomon sought wisdom to listen to and discern the [https://biblehub.com/topical/d/dispute.htm disputes] of the people. Solomon's request stemmed from his recognition that he lacked the ability to administer fair judgment among the many people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A7-9&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:7–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He sought wisdom, not desiring longevity, wealth, or vengeance against his enemies. This plea satisfied God's heart.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Consequently, God generously bestowed upon Solomon not only wisdom and discernment but also wealth and honor, which Solomon had not requested.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A12-13&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:12–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Blessed abundantly by God, Solomon enjoyed wealth and splendor, receiving tribute from nations as far as the [https://www.britannica.com/place/Euphrates-River Euphrates River] to the borders of [[Egypt]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A21&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+10%3A21-23&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 10:21–23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This period marked the zenith of the kingdom of Israel. Solomon, who was also excellent in literature, wrote the [[books of Proverbs]], [[Book of Ecclesiastes|Ecclesiastes]], and [[Song of Songs]] from the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Proverbs 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ecclesiastes+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Ecclesiastes 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Song%20of%20Songs+1%3A1&version=NIV Song of Songs 1:1]</ref> and was knowledgeable about animals and plants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A33&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> His reputation for outstanding wisdom grew, and kings from other countries came to see him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A34&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+10%3A24-25&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 10:24–25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
When God asked what he desired, Solomon sought wisdom to listen to and discern the [https://biblehub.com/topical/d/dispute.htm disputes] of the people. Solomon's request stemmed from his recognition that he lacked the ability to administer fair judgment among the many people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A7-9&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:7–9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He sought wisdom, not desiring longevity, wealth, or vengeance against his enemies. This plea satisfied God's heart.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Consequently, God generously bestowed upon Solomon not only wisdom and discernment but also wealth and honor, which Solomon had not requested.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A12-13&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:12–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Blessed abundantly by God, Solomon enjoyed wealth and splendor, receiving tribute from nations as far as the [https://www.britannica.com/place/Euphrates-River Euphrates River] to the borders of [[Egypt]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A21&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:21 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+10%3A21-23&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 10:21–23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This period marked the zenith of the kingdom of Israel. Solomon, who was also excellent in literature, wrote the [[books of Proverbs]], [[Book of Ecclesiastes|Ecclesiastes]], and [[Song of Songs]] from the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Proverbs 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ecclesiastes+1%3A1&version=NIV |title=Ecclesiastes 1:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Song%20of%20Songs+1%3A1&version=NIV Song of Songs 1:1]</ref> and was knowledgeable about animals and plants.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A33&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> His reputation for outstanding wisdom grew, and kings from other countries came to see him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+4%3A34&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 4:34 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+10%3A24-25&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 10:24–25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
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===Hearings and Judgments===
===Hearings and Judgments===
Two women had a child and claimed to be each other's biological mother, but there were no witnesses or evidence that could help reveal the truth. Since both of them claimed that what they said was correct, it was necessary to distinguish between those who were telling the truth and those who were lying. At that time, Solomon issued an extraordinary command.  
Two women had a child and each claimed to be the biological mother of the child, but there were no witnesses or evidence that could help reveal the truth. Since both of them claimed that what they said was correct, it was necessary to distinguish between those who were telling the truth and those who were lying. At that time, Solomon issued an extraordinary command.  
{{quote5 |내용= Then the king said, “Bring me a sword.” So they brought a sword for the king. He then gave an order: “Cut the living child in two and give half to one and half to the other.”  |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A24-25&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:24–25]}}
{{quote5 |내용= Then the king said, “Bring me a sword.” So they brought a sword for the king. He then gave an order: “Cut the living child in two and give half to one and half to the other.”  |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A24-25&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV 1 Kings 3:24–25]}}


One of the two babies born to the woman had died, and now the surviving baby was also in danger of dying. The response of the two women to Solomon's command was sharply contrasting. One woman, dumbstruck, pleaded, “Please, give her the living baby! Don't kill him!” Another woman agreed to kill the child, saying, “Neither I nor you shall have him. Cut him in two!”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A26&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Solomon ruled that the woman who tried to protect the life of her child was the true mother. The woman who agreed to kill her child was a false woman pretending to be his mother. Through Solomon's wisdom, the child could safely return to his mother's arms. This spread throughout Israel, and the people feared Solomon because the wisdom of God was in him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A28&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>
One of the two babies born to the woman had died, and now the surviving baby was also in danger of dying. The response of the two women to Solomon's command was sharply contrasting. One woman, dumbstruck, pleaded, “Please, give her the living baby! Don't kill him!” Another woman agreed to kill the child, saying, “Neither I nor you shall have him. Cut him in two!”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A26&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:26 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Solomon ruled that the woman who tried to protect the life of her child was the true mother. The woman who agreed to kill the child was a false woman pretending to be his mother. Through Solomon's wisdom, the child could safely return to his mother's arms. This spread throughout Israel, and the people feared Solomon because the wisdom of God was in him.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Kings+3%3A28&version=NIV |title=1 Kings 3:28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref>


==The Source of Wisdom==
==The Source of Wisdom==
Solomon's judgment is a clear example of how wise and clear he was, and is the event that made Solomon crowned as the “King of Wisdom.” The writer of Kings describes Solomon offering a thousand burnt offerings and then recounts the incident of his judgment, suggesting that his wisdom came from God. The Bible is a book that testifies about God and was written to teach God’s people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A39&version=NIV |title=John 5:39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+15%3A4&version=NIV |title=Romans 15:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The record of Solomon's judgment is not just to praise Solomon's personal wisdom, but also teaches us that we must realize that God is the source of wisdom and always seek wisdom from God. So the Bible tells us that the fear of God is the beginning of wisdom.  
Solomon's judgment is a clear example of how wise and clear he was, and is the event that made Solomon crowned as the “King of Wisdom.” The writer of Kings describes Solomon's offering a thousand burnt offerings and then recounts the incident of his judgment, suggesting that his wisdom came from God. The Bible is a book that testifies about God and was written to teach God’s people.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+5%3A39&version=NIV |title=John 5:39 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+15%3A4&version=NIV |title=Romans 15:4 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The record of Solomon's judgment is not just to praise Solomon's personal wisdom, but also teaches us that we must realize that God is the source of wisdom and always seek wisdom from God. So the Bible tells us that the fear of God is the beginning of wisdom.  
{{quote5 |내용= The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and knowledge of the Holy One is understanding. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs+9%3A10&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV Proverbs 9:10]}}
{{quote5 |내용= The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and knowledge of the Holy One is understanding. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs+9%3A10&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV Proverbs 9:10]}}


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In a situation where there were no clues to reveal the biological mother, Solomon used maternal instinct as a measure of judgment. He had no doubt a mother would do everything possible to save her child's life at all costs. His prediction was accurate. Indeed, the true mother tried to save her child, even giving up [https://www.quimbee.com/keyterms/parental-rights parental rights]. God’s people who will be saved also have Mother.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26-28&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The Mother of our souls also rescues Her children who are in danger of death,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+6%3A23&version=NIV |title=Romans 6:23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> bringing them eternal life from death.  
In a situation where there were no clues to reveal the biological mother, Solomon used maternal instinct as a measure of judgment. He had no doubt a mother would do everything possible to save her child's life at all costs. His prediction was accurate. Indeed, the true mother tried to save her child, even giving up [https://www.quimbee.com/keyterms/parental-rights parental rights]. God’s people who will be saved also have Mother.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A26-28&version=NIV |title=Galatians 4:26–28 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> The Mother of our souls also rescues Her children who are in danger of death,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+6%3A23&version=NIV |title=Romans 6:23 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> bringing them eternal life from death.  
{{quote5 |내용= '''The Spirit and the bride''' say, “Come!” And let the one who hears say, “Come!” Let the one who is thirsty come; and let the one who wishes take the free gift of the '''water of life'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV Revelation 22:17]}}
{{quote5 |내용= '''The Spirit and the bride''' say, “Come!” And let the one who hears say, “Come!” Let the one who is thirsty come; and let the one who wishes take the free gift of the '''water of life'''. |출처= [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+22%3A17&OLWordSearchRange=beg&version=NIV Revelation 22:17]}}
The [[The Water of Life|water of life]] is the word of God that revives the soul, and [[The Spirit and the Bride|the Holy Spirit and the Bride]] who give the water of life represent '''God the Father''' and '''God the Mother''' who appear in the last days. Not only God the Father but also God the Mother comes to save Their children who are destined to die due to sin. Just as Solomon found his child's true mother through the wisdom he received from God, God’s people who have received wisdom from God in the last days will recognize not only God the Father but also God the Mother and receive the blessing of the water of life.
The [[The Water of Life|water of life]] is the word of God that revives the soul, and [[The Spirit and the Bride|the Holy Spirit and the Bride]] who give the water of life represent '''God the Father''' and '''God the Mother''' who appear in the last days. Not only God the Father but also God the Mother comes to save Their children who are destined to die due to sin. Just as Solomon found the child's true mother through the wisdom he received from God, God’s people who have received wisdom from God in the last days will recognize not only God the Father but also God the Mother and receive the blessing of the water of life.


==The Judgment of Solomon in the Famous Paintings==
==The Judgment of Solomon in the Famous Paintings==
The Judgment of Solomon has been made into a famous painting by several artists.  
The Judgment of Solomon has been made into many famous paintings by several artists.  
<gallery caption="Judgment of Solomon">
<gallery caption="Judgment of Solomon">
file:Nicolas Poussin - The Judgment of Solomon - WGA18330.jpg|<p style="text-align: left;"> Nicolas Poussin, 1649, Louvre Museum</p>
file:Nicolas Poussin - The Judgment of Solomon - WGA18330.jpg|<p style="text-align: left;"> Nicolas Poussin, 1649, Louvre Museum</p>