Council of Nicaea: Difference between revisions
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[[file:Turkey-Iznik_Nicaea.png|thumb|Nicaea (now Iznik), where the Council of Nicene was convened, is located on the east coast of Lake Iznik in the northwest of Türkiye.]] | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:니케아 공의회 (니케아 종교회의)]][[vi:Công đồng Nicaea (Hội nghị tôn giáo Nicaea)]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->[[file:Turkey-Iznik_Nicaea.png|thumb|Nicaea (now Iznik), where the Council of Nicene was convened, is located on the east coast of Lake Iznik in the northwest of Türkiye.]]The '''Council of Nicaea''' is a world ecumenical council<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/council-Christianity Council], ''Britannica''</ref> held in [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%ED%84%B0%ED%82%A4+%EB%B6%80%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%AC+%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%8B%88%ED%81%AC+%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%84/@40.4304772,29.6972329,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x14cb0bc05d7864f5:0x17b677c58432bec8!8m2!3d40.429524!4d29.719743 Nicaea (now Iznik in Türkiye)], Asia Minor. The Council of Nicaea was held twice in 325 and 787. The first council was convened by the Roman Emperor [[Constantine I]] (Latin: Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus, reigned 306–337), which was the first synod of the Roman Catholic Church. The main agendas were the [[The Paschal Controversy (The Passover Controversy)|Paschal controversy]] and the [[Arianism|Arian controversy]]. In 787, Empress Irene of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) convened the second council and approved the veneration of [https://www.britannica.com/topic/icon-religious-art icons]. In general, the Council of Nicaea refers to the first council, which has great significance in history. | ||
The '''Council of Nicaea''' is a world ecumenical council<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/council-Christianity Council], ''Britannica''</ref> held in [https://www.google.com/maps/place/%ED%84%B0%ED%82%A4+%EB%B6%80%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%AC+%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%8B%88%ED%81%AC+%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%84/@40.4304772,29.6972329,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x14cb0bc05d7864f5:0x17b677c58432bec8!8m2!3d40.429524!4d29.719743 Nicaea (now Iznik in Türkiye)], Asia Minor. The Council of Nicaea was held twice in 325 and 787. The first council was convened by the Roman Emperor [[Constantine I]] (Latin: Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus, reigned 306–337), which was the first synod of the Roman Catholic Church. The main agendas were the [[The Paschal Controversy (The Passover Controversy)|Paschal controversy]] and the [[Arianism|Arian controversy]]. In 787, Empress Irene of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) convened the second council and approved the veneration of [https://www.britannica.com/topic/icon-religious-art icons]. In general, the Council of Nicaea refers to the first council, which has great significance in history. | |||
The Ecumenical Council (Latin: Concilium Ecumenicum), also known as the World Councils, were gatherings of bishops convened to discuss and resolve matters of doctrine and heresy. Historically, seven of these councils were held. | The Ecumenical Council (Latin: Concilium Ecumenicum), also known as the World Councils, were gatherings of bishops convened to discuss and resolve matters of doctrine and heresy. Historically, seven of these councils were held. | ||
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===A Religious Council Intervened by a Gentile Emperor=== | ===A Religious Council Intervened by a Gentile Emperor=== | ||
[[file:Constantine I- RIC VI 890-886182 AugTrever.jpg|thumb| | [[file:Constantine I- RIC VI 890-886182 AugTrever.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Coin of Constantine I, depicting the invincible sun god on the reverse side of the coin and inscribing the words SOLI INVICTO COMITI, which means [https://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=soli%20invicto%20comiti “to the invincible sun god, companion of the emperor,”] c. 315]] | ||
[[file:ChristAsSol.jpg|thumb|240px| In mosaics made around the 4th century, Christ was depicted as the sun god.]] | [[file:ChristAsSol.jpg|thumb|240px| In mosaics made around the 4th century, Christ was depicted as the sun god.]] | ||
Constantine, favoring the church for political gain, consolidated authority over it through the Council of Nicaea, subsequently employing it as a tool to govern the entire Roman Empire in a theocratic manner.<ref>Odahl, Charles Matson, (2007), "[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/61754691.pdf Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy]", ''Connections: European Studies Annual Review'', 3, 89-113</ref><ref>[https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/politics/political-ideology/theocracy/ Theocracy], ''Study Smarter''</ref> | Constantine, favoring the church for political gain, consolidated authority over it through the Council of Nicaea, subsequently employing it as a tool to govern the entire Roman Empire in a theocratic manner.<ref>Odahl, Charles Matson, (2007), "[https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/61754691.pdf Constantine the Great and Christian Imperial Theocracy]", ''Connections: European Studies Annual Review'', 3, 89-113</ref><ref>[https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/politics/political-ideology/theocracy/ Theocracy], ''Study Smarter''</ref> | ||