Hagar: Difference between revisions
m Text replacement - "[[Old Covenant" to "[[The Old Covenant" |
|||
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{성경인물 | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:하갈]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->{{성경인물 | ||
|image=[[file:광야로 쫓겨난 하갈과 이스마엘.jpg|thumb|center|Hagar and Ishmael: She Departed and Wandered in the Wilderness of Beer Sheba, Frederick Goodall, 1866]] | |image=[[file:광야로 쫓겨난 하갈과 이스마엘.jpg|thumb|center|Hagar and Ishmael: She Departed and Wandered in the Wilderness of Beer Sheba, Frederick Goodall, 1866]] | ||
|title=Hagar | |title=Hagar | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
'''Hagar''' (Hebrew: הָגָר,<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1904.htm Strong's Hebrew: 1904. הָגָר], ''Bible Hub''</ref> Greek: Ἁγάρ<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/28.htm Strong's Greek: 28. Ἄγαρ], ''Bible Hub''</ref>) was the Egyptian maidservant of Sarah, the wife of [[Abraham]]. Because [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] remained barren into old age, she gave Hagar to Abraham as a concubine in order to bear a child on her behalf. Hagar gave birth to [[Ishmael]], Abraham’s firstborn son. | '''Hagar''' (Hebrew: הָגָר,<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1904.htm Strong's Hebrew: 1904. הָגָר], ''Bible Hub''</ref> Greek: Ἁγάρ<ref>[https://biblehub.com/greek/28.htm Strong's Greek: 28. Ἄγαρ], ''Bible Hub''</ref>) was the Egyptian maidservant of Sarah, the wife of [[Abraham]]. Because [[Sarah (Abraham’s Wife)|Sarah]] remained barren into old age, she gave Hagar to Abraham as a concubine in order to bear a child on her behalf. Hagar gave birth to [[Ishmael]], Abraham’s firstborn son. | ||
==Historical Background== | ==Historical Background== | ||
Hagar is closely associated with Abraham, who lived during the Bronze Age in a tribal society. Abraham originally resided in Ur of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia and | Hagar is closely associated with Abraham, who lived during the Bronze Age in a tribal society. Abraham originally resided in Ur of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia and at the age of 75, he was called by [[God]] to migrate to [[Canaan]]. Because of a famine, he traveled to Egypt temporarily before returning to Canaan. By this time, Abraham had become a prominent tribal leader, able to command 318 trained men into battle.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis%2014%3A14&version=NIV|title=Genesis 14:14|quote= }}</ref> Hagar is introduced in the biblical narrative around ten years after Abraham settled in Canaan and is presumed to have been acquired during the family’s stay in Egypt.<ref>[https://www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/hagar/ Hagar], ''Bible Study Tools''</ref> | ||
==Life and Events== | ==Life and Events== | ||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
{{quote5|내용=This is the '''account of Abraham's son Ishmael''', whom Sarah's maidservant, Hagar the Egyptian, bore to Abraham. These are the names of the sons of Ishmael, listed in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael, and these are the names of the '''twelve tribal rulers''' according to their settlements and camps.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A12-16&version=NIV Genesis 25:12–16]}} | {{quote5|내용=This is the '''account of Abraham's son Ishmael''', whom Sarah's maidservant, Hagar the Egyptian, bore to Abraham. These are the names of the sons of Ishmael, listed in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam, Mishma, Dumah, Massa, Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish and Kedemah. These were the sons of Ishmael, and these are the names of the '''twelve tribal rulers''' according to their settlements and camps.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+25%3A12-16&version=NIV Genesis 25:12–16]}} | ||
<small>{{참고|이스마엘|설명=더 자세한 내용은}}</small><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div> | <small>{{참고|이스마엘|설명=더 자세한 내용은}}</small><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><small> For details, refer to: [[이스마엘]]</small></div> | ||
==The Symbolic Meaning of Hagar== | ==The Symbolic Meaning of Hagar== | ||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
{{quote5|내용=For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. His son by the slave woman was born in the ordinary way; but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a promise. These things may be taken figuratively, for the '''women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar.''' Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children. But '''the Jerusalem that is above''' is free, and she is '''our mother'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A21-26&version=NIV Galatians 4:21–26]}} | {{quote5|내용=For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. His son by the slave woman was born in the ordinary way; but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a promise. These things may be taken figuratively, for the '''women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar.''' Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children. But '''the Jerusalem that is above''' is free, and she is '''our mother'''.|출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A21-26&version=NIV Galatians 4:21–26]}} | ||
In the New Testament, the Apostle Paul presents an allegory in which Hagar, the slave woman, is identified with the [[Old Covenant|old covenant]]—the '''[[The Law of Moses|Law of the Old Testament]]''' given at Mount Sinai—and with the '''earthly Jerusalem''', while Sarah, the free woman, is identified with the '''[[New Covenant|new covenant]]''' established by [[Christ]] and with the '''heavenly Jerusalem'''. In the [[History of Abraham’s Family|history of Abraham’s family]], Ishmael—born to the slave woman Hagar—did not inherit Abraham’s estate, whereas Isaac inherited it because his mother was Sarah, the free woman. This account illustrates which covenant believers must follow and whom they must believe in to inherit the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. Although Ishmael was Abraham’s firstborn, he was not made heir because he was born of the slave woman. In Christian interpretation, this signifies that humanity, bound under sin and death, cannot receive the inheritance of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]]—that is, salvation—through the old covenant, which was imperfect.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+8%3A7-13&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 8:7–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> While Hagar symbolizes the old covenant and the earthly [[Jerusalem]], Sarah symbolizes the new covenant and the [[New Jerusalem|heavenly Jerusalem]]. The [[Bible]] testifies that the '''heavenly Jerusalem''' is the Mother of the saved—“'''[[Heavenly Mother]]'''''.''”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians%204%3A26&version=NIV|title=Galatians 4:26|quote= }}</ref> Just as Isaac inherited through Sarah, the free woman, so believers who keep the perfected new covenant and receive [[God the Mother]], who is the reality of the new covenant, will inherit the kingdom of heaven and receive eternal life. | In the New Testament, the Apostle Paul presents an allegory in which Hagar, the slave woman, is identified with the [[The Old Covenant|old covenant]]—the '''[[The Law of Moses|Law of the Old Testament]]''' given at Mount Sinai—and with the '''earthly Jerusalem''', while Sarah, the free woman, is identified with the '''[[New Covenant|new covenant]]''' established by [[Christ]] and with the '''heavenly Jerusalem'''. In the [[History of Abraham’s Family|history of Abraham’s family]], Ishmael—born to the slave woman Hagar—did not inherit Abraham’s estate, whereas Isaac inherited it because his mother was Sarah, the free woman. This account illustrates which covenant believers must follow and whom they must believe in to inherit the [[Kingdom of Heaven|kingdom of heaven]]. Although Ishmael was Abraham’s firstborn, he was not made heir because he was born of the slave woman. In Christian interpretation, this signifies that humanity, bound under sin and death, cannot receive the inheritance of [[Kingdom of Heaven|heaven]]—that is, salvation—through the old covenant, which was imperfect.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+8%3A7-13&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 8:7–13 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> While Hagar symbolizes the old covenant and the earthly [[Jerusalem]], Sarah symbolizes the new covenant and the [[New Jerusalem|heavenly Jerusalem]]. The [[Bible]] testifies that the '''heavenly Jerusalem''' is the Mother of the saved—“'''[[Heavenly Mother]]'''''.''”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians%204%3A26&version=NIV|title=Galatians 4:26|quote= }}</ref> Just as Isaac inherited through Sarah, the free woman, so believers who keep the perfected new covenant and receive [[God the Mother]], who is the reality of the new covenant, will inherit the kingdom of heaven and receive eternal life. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||