Judges: Difference between revisions
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In the book of Judges, “Israel’s sin → discipline → repentance → salvation (through the judges)” are repeated. | In the book of Judges, “Israel’s sin → discipline → repentance → salvation (through the judges)” are repeated. | ||
① When the Israelites sinned, ② they were handed over to the oppressor and suffered, ③ and when the people repented, ④ God appointed judges to save them and govern them. As long as a judge reigned, peace was maintained; however, ⑤ whenever a judge died, Israel immediately returned to [[idol]]<nowiki/>atry.<ref>{{ | ① When the Israelites sinned, ② they were handed over to the oppressor and suffered, ③ and when the people repented, ④ God appointed judges to save them and govern them. As long as a judge reigned, peace was maintained; however, ⑤ whenever a judge died, Israel immediately returned to [[idol]]<nowiki/>atry.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+2%3A16-19&version=NIV |title=Judges 2:16–19 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
==Judge== | ==Judge== | ||
'''Judges''' are political and military leaders who led the Israelites from the time they entered the land of Canaan until the first king, [[Saul]], was appointed. The Hebrew word judge is ''shophet'', which is derived from ''shaphat'', which means to judge or govern. During ordinary times, the judges set judgments and settled the people’s lawsuits and disputes, and in times of emergency they worked as a military leader.<ref>{{ | '''Judges''' are political and military leaders who led the Israelites from the time they entered the land of Canaan until the first king, [[Saul]], was appointed. The Hebrew word judge is ''shophet'', which is derived from ''shaphat'', which means to judge or govern. During ordinary times, the judges set judgments and settled the people’s lawsuits and disputes, and in times of emergency they worked as a military leader.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+4%3A4-5&version=NIV |title=Judges 4:4–5 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
The judges held various occupations and positions, and when their mission was completed, most of them returned to their original positions; the position of a judge was not hereditary. In the book of Judges, there are twelve judges: Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Gideon, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, and Samson. Although not mentioned in the book of Judges, Samuel is regarded as the last judge.<ref>{{ | The judges held various occupations and positions, and when their mission was completed, most of them returned to their original positions; the position of a judge was not hereditary. In the book of Judges, there are twelve judges: Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Gideon, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, and Samson. Although not mentioned in the book of Judges, Samuel is regarded as the last judge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+7%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=1 Samuel 7:15–17}}</ref> | ||
==Composition of the Book of Judges== | ==Composition of the Book of Judges== | ||
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===Gideon and His 300 Warriors ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges%206-8&version=NIV Chapters 6–8])=== | ===Gideon and His 300 Warriors ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges%206-8&version=NIV Chapters 6–8])=== | ||
[[ | [[file:054.Gideon Chooses 300 Soldiers.jpg |섬네일 | px| ''Gideon Chooses 300 Soldiers'' by Gustave Doré, 1866]] | ||
Again, Israel did evil, and for seven years, they were oppressed by the Midianites. The Midianites would swarm in whenever the Israelites planted crops, ruining the harvest. They did not spare a living thing for Israel, neither sheep nor cattle nor donkeys. The people made hiding places in the caves of the mountains, and life became so difficult that they were impoverished. | Again, Israel did evil, and for seven years, they were oppressed by the Midianites. The Midianites would swarm in whenever the Israelites planted crops, ruining the harvest. They did not spare a living thing for Israel, neither sheep nor cattle nor donkeys. The people made hiding places in the caves of the mountains, and life became so difficult that they were impoverished. | ||
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After Jair’s death, the Israelites once again abandoned God and served the Baals and the Ashtoreths, and the gods of the surrounding foreign nations. God was infuriated with them, and brought Israel to be oppressed by the Philistines and the Ammonites. The Israelites living in Gilead, east of the [[Jordan|Jordan River]], endured severe oppression for 18 years. The Ammonites also attacked the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Ephraim on the other side of the Jordan. The Israelites forsook their [[Idol|idols]] and repented to God. At that time, God raised up a judge, Jephthah, a man from Gilead. | After Jair’s death, the Israelites once again abandoned God and served the Baals and the Ashtoreths, and the gods of the surrounding foreign nations. God was infuriated with them, and brought Israel to be oppressed by the Philistines and the Ammonites. The Israelites living in Gilead, east of the [[Jordan|Jordan River]], endured severe oppression for 18 years. The Ammonites also attacked the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Ephraim on the other side of the Jordan. The Israelites forsook their [[Idol|idols]] and repented to God. At that time, God raised up a judge, Jephthah, a man from Gilead. | ||
Jephthah, who lived in the land of Tob, achieved a great victory over the Ammonites. However, in the battle against the Ammonites, he made a rash vow to God, promising to offer as a burnt offering the first person to greet him upon his return home if he was granted victory. Unfortunately, the first to meet him was his only daughter, whom he ultimately had to sacrifice. Jephthah served as a judge and ruled over Israel for six years. After Jephthah’s death, Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel for seven years, Elon of the tribe of Zebulun judged for ten years, and Abdon, a man from Pirathon in Ephraim judged for eight years.<ref>{{ | Jephthah, who lived in the land of Tob, achieved a great victory over the Ammonites. However, in the battle against the Ammonites, he made a rash vow to God, promising to offer as a burnt offering the first person to greet him upon his return home if he was granted victory. Unfortunately, the first to meet him was his only daughter, whom he ultimately had to sacrifice. Jephthah served as a judge and ruled over Israel for six years. After Jephthah’s death, Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel for seven years, Elon of the tribe of Zebulun judged for ten years, and Abdon, a man from Pirathon in Ephraim judged for eight years.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+12%3A8-15&version=NIV |title=Judges 12:8–15 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+12%3A11&version=NIV |title=Judges 12:11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+12%3A13-14&version=NIV |title=Judges 12:13–14|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
===Samson ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges%2013-16&version=NIV Chapters 13–16])=== | ===Samson ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges%2013-16&version=NIV Chapters 13–16])=== | ||
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Micah, from the hill country of Ephraim, built a shrine in his house, set up an ephod and [[Household Idols|household idols]], and appointed his own son as a [[priest]]. Then, Micah took in a young Levite who had left Bethlehem in Judah and made him his priest, hoping that God would bless him because a [[Levite]] was now serving as his priest. | Micah, from the hill country of Ephraim, built a shrine in his house, set up an ephod and [[Household Idols|household idols]], and appointed his own son as a [[priest]]. Then, Micah took in a young Levite who had left Bethlehem in Judah and made him his priest, hoping that God would bless him because a [[Levite]] was now serving as his priest. | ||
At that time, the tribe of Dan, unable to secure land due to the pressure from the Philistines, sought to find a new place to settle. They knew that Micah’s house contained the ephod, household idols, and other idols, so they took them by force, and they also took the young Levite to be their priest for their tribe. The tribe of Dan captured the city of Laish and renamed it Dan, after their tribe.<ref>{{ | At that time, the tribe of Dan, unable to secure land due to the pressure from the Philistines, sought to find a new place to settle. They knew that Micah’s house contained the ephod, household idols, and other idols, so they took them by force, and they also took the young Levite to be their priest for their tribe. The tribe of Dan captured the city of Laish and renamed it Dan, after their tribe.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+18%3A31&version=NIV |title=Judges 18:31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
The reason for the repeated idol worship and moral decay in Israel during the time of the judges was that the people did not consider God, but instead judged and acted according to their own thoughts of right and wrong.<ref>{{ | The reason for the repeated idol worship and moral decay in Israel during the time of the judges was that the people did not consider God, but instead judged and acted according to their own thoughts of right and wrong.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Judges+21%3A25&version=NIV |title=Judges 21:25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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