Diferencia entre revisiones de «La ciudad de refugio»

Página creada con «miniatura | 230px |Una persona que ha matado a alguien sin intención, huyendo del vengador de la sangre. La '''ley de la ciudad de refugio''' era un sistema de los tiempos del Antiguo Testamento que permitía a los que habían matado a alguien sin intención huir del vengador y salvar su vida. Los pecadores prisioneros en la ciudad de refugio podían regresar a su patria cuando moría el sumo sacerdote u…»
 
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==La ciudad de refugio del Antiguo Testamento==
==La ciudad de refugio del Antiguo Testamento==
===Propósito===
===Propósito===
The city of refuge was established for those who killed people accidentally to escape from the avengers of blood. According to the Old Testament law, murderers had to pay for their sins with their own lives, and the family members or relatives of murder victims could kill the murderers.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Leviticus+24%3A20-21&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Leviticus 24:20–21 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> In the case of a person accused of murder, he was kept safe in the city of refuge and stood trial before the assembly to be decided whether he was intentional or unintentional.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Joshua+20%3A6-9&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Joshua 20:6–9 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>
La ciudad de refugio se estableció para que aquellos que habían matado a alguien sin intención, huyeran del vengador de la sangre. Conforme a la ley del Antiguo Testamento, los homicidas tenían que pagar por sus pecados con su propia vida, y los familiares o parientes de las víctimas podían matar a los homicidas.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Leviticus+24%3A20-21&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Leviticus 24:20–21 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> En el caso de una persona acusada de asesinato, se mantenía a salvo en la ciudad de refugio y era juzgada delante de la congregación para decidir si era homicida con o sin intención.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Joshua+20%3A6-9&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Joshua 20:6–9 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>
{{quote5 |내용=Then the LORD said to Moses: . . . “ ‘. . . select some towns to be your '''cities of refuge''', to which '''a person who has killed someone accidentally''' may flee. They will be places of refuge from the avenger, so that a person accused of murder may not die before he stands trial before the assembly.” |출처=[https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A9-12&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 Numbers 35:9–12]}}
{{quote5 |내용=“Habló Jehová a Moisés, diciendo: [...] os señalaréis ciudades, '''ciudades de refugio''' tendréis, donde huya el '''homicida que hiriere a alguno de muerte sin intención'''. Y os serán aquellas ciudades para refugiarse del vengador, y no morirá el homicida hasta que entre en juicio delante de la congregación.” |출처=[https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A9-12&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 Números 35:9–12]}}


===Locations===
===Ubicaciones===
[[archivo:MapCitiesOfRefuge.svg |miniatura | 250px |Locations of Cities of Refuge]]
[[archivo:MapCitiesOfRefuge.svg |miniatura | 250px |Ubicación de las ciudades de refugio]]
The cities of refuge were located in six cities in [[Israel]]—three cities on the east side of the Jordan River (Bezer, Ramoth in Gilead, Golan in Bashan) and three cities on the west side of the river (Kedesh in [[Galilee]], Shechem, [[Hebron]]).<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A6-15&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:6–15 |editorial= |cita=}}</ref><ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Joshua+20%3A7-9&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Joshua 20:7–9 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> Each city of refuge was within a distance of about 30 km (18.6 miles), which could be reached from anywhere in Israel within a day. It was to prevent fugitives from being killed while fleeing to the city of refuge.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Deuteronomy+19%3A3-6&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Deuteronomy 19:3–6 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>
Las ciudades de refugio estaban ubicadas en seis ciudades de [[Israel]], tres ciudades al oriente del río Jordán (Beser, Ramot en Galaad, Golán en Basán) y tres ciudades al occidente del río (Cedes en [[Galilea]], Siquem, [[Hebrón]]).<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A6-15&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:6–15 |editorial= |cita=}}</ref><ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Joshua+20%3A7-9&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Joshua 20:7–9 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> Cada ciudad de refugio estaba a una distancia de unos 30 km, a la que se podía llegar de cualquier parte de Israel en tan solo un día. Era para prevenir que los fugitivos fueran asesinados mientras huían a la ciudad de refugio.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Deuteronomy+19%3A3-6&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Deuteronomy 19:3–6 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>


===Features===
===Características===
Those who committed murder could flee to the city of refuge to protect their lives, but not all of them were protected. One who was found to have intentionally killed someone was put to death even if he or she entered the city of refuge.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A16-21&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:16–21 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> On the contrary, one who was found through trial to have killed someone accidently was able to return to the city of refuge where he or she had fled to and stay there for a set period of time. Their stay lasted until the death of the high priest, who was [[anointed]] with the holy oil. If the high priest died soon, it meant that they were released soon and return to their home. If he died late, it meant that they were able to return to their home that much later.  
Los que habían cometido homicidio podían huir a la ciudad de refugio para proteger su vida, pero no todos estaban protegidos. Aquel que era hallado culpable de haber matado a alguien intencionalmente era condenado a muerte, aunque hubiera entrado en la ciudad de refugio.<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A16-21&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:16–21 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref> Por el contrario, aquel de quien se determinaba que había matado a alguien sin intención, a través de un juicio, podía volver a la ciudad de refugio donde se había refugiado, y morar allí por un tiempo determinado. Su permanencia duraba hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote, el cual fue ungido con el aceite santo. Si el sumo sacerdote moría pronto, significaba que serían liberados pronto y regresarían a su patria. Si moría mucho después, quería decir que podían volver a su patria tras un largo tiempo.
{{quote5 |내용=“ ‘But if without hostility someone suddenly shoves another or throws something at him unintentionally or, without seeing him, drops a stone on him that could kill him, and he dies, then since he was not his enemy and he did not intend to harm him, the assembly must judge between him and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send him back to the city of refuge to which he fled. He must stay there '''until the death of the high priest''', who was anointed with the holy oil. But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which he has fled and the avenger of blood finds him outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. The accused must stay in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may he return to his own property.’ ” |출처=[https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A22-28&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 Numbers 35:22–28]}}
{{quote5 |내용=“ ‘But if without hostility someone suddenly shoves another or throws something at him unintentionally or, without seeing him, drops a stone on him that could kill him, and he dies, then since he was not his enemy and he did not intend to harm him, the assembly must judge between him and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send him back to the city of refuge to which he fled. He must stay there '''until the death of the high priest''', who was anointed with the holy oil. But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which he has fled and the avenger of blood finds him outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. The accused must stay in his city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may he return to his own property.’ ” |출처=[https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A22-28&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_nas&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 Numbers 35:22–28]}}
The only way for those confined in the city of refuge to return to their home was through the death of the high priest. Until the death of the high priest, the murderers could not go back to their own land even if they paid a [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ransom ransom].<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A32&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:32 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>
The only way for those confined in the city of refuge to return to their home was through the death of the high priest. Until the death of the high priest, the murderers could not go back to their own land even if they paid a [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ransom ransom].<ref>{{cita web |url=https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+35%3A32&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 |título=Numbers 35:32 |editorial= |cita= }}</ref>