Cross

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[[~~File~~:~~Nazaret Kirke Copenhagen altar.jpg|thumb|The cross on the altar in a Catholic Church in Denmark~~]]

[[ko:십자가]][[vi:Thập tự giá]][[es:La cruz]][[ne:क्रूस]][[pt:A Cruz]][[ko:십자가]][[vi:Thập tự giá]][[es:La cruz]][[ne:क्रूस]][[pt:A Cruz]]'''Cross''' is an image that most Christian churches use as a symbol of Christianity. However, it was not first introduced as a symbol of faith after [[Crucifixion|Christ’s crucifixion]], but it had been worshiped in pagan religions since ancient times. The cross-shaped frame was also used as the execution tool for the death row inmates in the ancient Near East.

'''Cross''' is an image that most Christian churches use as a symbol of Christianity. However, it was not first introduced as a symbol of faith after [[~~Suffering on the Cross~~|Christ’s crucifixion]], but it had been worshiped in pagan religions since ancient times. The cross-shaped frame was also used as the execution tool for the death row inmates in the ancient Near East.

[[Jesus Christ]] was crucified on the hill of Golgotha outside Jerusalem to atone for the sins of mankind on the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]], which fell on the day before the [[Sabbath]]. For the members of the early Church, there was no possibility that the cross would be used as a symbol of faith because it was an execution tool for not only Jesus Christ but also many church members. According to the Bible and the history of Christianity, there is no record of the early Church using the cross as a symbol of faith. It was said that the cross, which was a symbol of pagan religions and used for a death sentence, began to be established in the church in the fourth century as the church became secularized and the truth was changed.<ref>{{인용 |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/cross-religious-symbol |title= Cross |quote= |website=Britannica}}</ref>

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==The Cross Introduced to Christianity==

===History===

Christian churches began to use the cross as a symbol of Christianity from the time of Constantine I of the Roman Empire (reigned A.D. 306–337).<ref name="십자가">Cross, ''Baker's Dictionary of Theology'', Everett F. Harrison, Baker Book House, 1960 pg. 152</ref> This proves that the church had not set up the cross for almost 300 years after Jesus until the time of Constantine. Among the Romans, there was a general feeling of disgust that crucifixion was an instrument of execution only for the most notorious criminals. There was no danger of beautifying the cross by sentiment for the early Christians, surrounded by crucifixion as a grim fact of common experience.<ref name="십자가" /> This is because the cross was one of the instruments used by the Roman Empire to execute Christians while persecuting the early Church. It is said that Apostle Peter was also martyred, hanging upside down from the cross.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A18-19&version=NIV|title=John 21:18–19|quote=}}</ref><ref>Peter Is Crucified Upside Down, 1001 Days That Shaped the World, Michael Wood, ''Quintessence'', October 13, pg. 89</ref> It was in the time of Constantine that crucifixion was abolished.

Christian churches began to use the cross as a symbol of Christianity from the time of Constantine I of the Roman Empire (reigned A.D. 306–337).<ref name="십자가">Cross, ''Baker's Dictionary of Theology'', Everett F. Harrison, Baker Book House, 1960, pg. 152</ref> This proves that the church had not set up the cross for almost 300 years after Jesus until the time of Constantine. Among the Romans, there was a general feeling of disgust that crucifixion was an instrument of execution only for the most notorious criminals. There was no danger of beautifying the cross by sentiment for the early Christians, surrounded by crucifixion as a grim fact of common experience.<ref name="십자가" /> This is because the cross was one of the instruments used by the Roman Empire to execute Christians while persecuting the early Church. It is said that Apostle Peter was also martyred, hanging upside down from the cross.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A18-19&version=NIV|title=John 21:18–19|quote=}}</ref><ref>Peter Is Crucified Upside Down, 1001 Days That Shaped the World, Michael Wood, ''Quintessence'', October 13, pg. 89</ref> It was in the time of Constantine that crucifixion was abolished.

{{quote |He [Constantine] regarded the cross with peculiar reverence . . .He took away by law the<br>crucifixion customary among the Romans, from the usage of the courts.|''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series Vol. II Socrates, Sozomenus: Church Histories'', Cosimo Classics, 2007, p.245}}

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-[[File:Nazaret Kirke Copenhagen altar.jpg|thumb|The cross on the altar in a Catholic Church in Denmark]]
+<!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:십자가]][[vi:Thập tự giá]][[es:La cruz]][[ne:क्रूस]][[pt:A Cruz]]<!-- interlanguage:end --><!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:십자가]][[vi:Thập tự giá]][[es:La cruz]][[ne:क्रूस]][[pt:A Cruz]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->'''Cross''' is an image that most Christian churches use as a symbol of Christianity. However, it was not first introduced as a symbol of faith after [[Crucifixion|Christ’s crucifixion]], but it had been worshiped in pagan religions since ancient times. The cross-shaped frame was also used as the execution tool for the death row inmates in the ancient Near East.
-'''Cross''' is an image that most Christian churches use as a symbol of Christianity. However, it was not first introduced as a symbol of faith after [[Suffering on the Cross|Christ’s crucifixion]], but it had been worshiped in pagan religions since ancient times. The cross-shaped frame was also used as the execution tool for the death row inmates in the ancient Near East.
 [[Jesus Christ]] was crucified on the hill of Golgotha outside Jerusalem to atone for the sins of mankind on the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]], which fell on the day before the [[Sabbath]]. For the members of the early Church, there was no possibility that the cross would be used as a symbol of faith because it was an execution tool for not only Jesus Christ but also many church members. According to the Bible and the history of Christianity, there is no record of the early Church using the cross as a symbol of faith. It was said that the cross, which was a symbol of pagan religions and used for a death sentence, began to be established in the church in the fourth century as the church became secularized and the truth was changed.<ref>{{인용 |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/cross-religious-symbol |title= Cross |quote= |website=Britannica}}</ref>
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 ==The Cross Introduced to Christianity==
 ===History===
-Christian churches began to use the cross as a symbol of Christianity from the time of Constantine I of the Roman Empire (reigned A.D. 306–337).<ref name="십자가">Cross, ''Baker's Dictionary of Theology'', Everett F. Harrison, Baker Book House, 1960 pg. 152</ref> This proves that the church had not set up the cross for almost 300 years after Jesus until the time of Constantine. Among the Romans, there was a general feeling of disgust that crucifixion was an instrument of execution only for the most notorious criminals. There was no danger of beautifying the cross by sentiment for the early Christians, surrounded by crucifixion as a grim fact of common experience.<ref name="십자가" /> This is because the cross was one of the instruments used by the Roman Empire to execute Christians while persecuting the early Church. It is said that Apostle Peter was also martyred, hanging upside down from the cross.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A18-19&version=NIV|title=John 21:18–19|quote=}}</ref><ref>Peter Is Crucified Upside Down, 1001 Days That Shaped the World, Michael Wood, ''Quintessence'', October 13, pg. 89</ref> It was in the time of Constantine that crucifixion was abolished.
+Christian churches began to use the cross as a symbol of Christianity from the time of Constantine I of the Roman Empire (reigned A.D. 306–337).<ref name="십자가">Cross, ''Baker's Dictionary of Theology'', Everett F. Harrison, Baker Book House, 1960, pg. 152</ref> This proves that the church had not set up the cross for almost 300 years after Jesus until the time of Constantine. Among the Romans, there was a general feeling of disgust that crucifixion was an instrument of execution only for the most notorious criminals. There was no danger of beautifying the cross by sentiment for the early Christians, surrounded by crucifixion as a grim fact of common experience.<ref name="십자가" /> This is because the cross was one of the instruments used by the Roman Empire to execute Christians while persecuting the early Church. It is said that Apostle Peter was also martyred, hanging upside down from the cross.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+21%3A18-19&version=NIV|title=John 21:18–19|quote=}}</ref><ref>Peter Is Crucified Upside Down, 1001 Days That Shaped the World, Michael Wood, ''Quintessence'', October 13, pg. 89</ref> It was in the time of Constantine that crucifixion was abolished.
 {{quote |He [Constantine] regarded the cross with peculiar reverence . . .He took away by law the<br>crucifixion customary among the Romans, from the usage of the courts.|''Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series Vol. II Socrates, Sozomenus: Church Histories'', Cosimo Classics, 2007, p.245}}

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