Life of Jesus: Difference between revisions
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[[ | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:예수님의 생애]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->The life of Jesus is marked by key events such as His birth, crucifixion, [[resurrection]], and [[ascension]], central to the Christian belief in the forgiveness of sins and human salvation. According to biblical prophecy, Jesus, regarded as the [[Christ]] and Savior, was conceived by the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] and born to Mary in Bethlehem of Judea. At the age of 30, He was [[Baptism|baptized]] by John the Baptist. During His subsequent three-year ministry, He proclaimed the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom of heaven]] and established the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]] through His precious blood shed on the cross, thereby opening the path to salvation for humanity. | ||
The life of Jesus is marked by key events such as His birth, crucifixion, [[resurrection]], and [[ascension]], central to the Christian belief in the forgiveness of sins and human salvation. According to biblical prophecy, Jesus, regarded as the [[Christ]] and Savior, was conceived by the [[The Holy Spirit|Holy Spirit]] and born to Mary in Bethlehem of Judea. At the age of 30, He was [[Baptism|baptized]] by John the Baptist. During His subsequent three-year ministry, He proclaimed the [[Gospel of the Kingdom|gospel of the kingdom of heaven]] and established the [[The New Covenant Passover|New Covenant Passover]] through His precious blood shed on the cross, thereby opening the path to salvation for humanity. | |||
Although His earthly life concluded with His ascension from the Mount of Olives, His disciples, having received His teachings, spread the message of [[Jesus Christ]] throughout the world. Nearly 2,000 years later, His influence endures, affecting a significant portion of the global population, including roughly one-third who identify as Christians and regard Jesus as their Savior.<ref>[https://populationeducation.org/world-population-by-religion-a-global-tapestry-of-faith/ World Population by Religion: A Global Tapestry of Faith], ''Population Education'', January 12, 2024</ref> | Although His earthly life concluded with His ascension from the Mount of Olives, His disciples, having received His teachings, spread the message of [[Jesus Christ]] throughout the world. Nearly 2,000 years later, His influence endures, affecting a significant portion of the global population, including roughly one-third who identify as Christians and regard Jesus as their Savior.<ref>[https://populationeducation.org/world-population-by-religion-a-global-tapestry-of-faith/ World Population by Religion: A Global Tapestry of Faith], ''Population Education'', January 12, 2024</ref> | ||
==Birth of Jesus== | ==Birth of Jesus== | ||
The exact date of Jesus’ birth is not recorded in historical documents, though scholars estimate it took place between 6 and 4 B.C.<ref>Craig L. Blomberg, ''Jesus and the Gospels'', B&H Publishing Group, 2009, p. 222, Paradoxical as it sounds, the date of Christ's birth was probably somewhere between 6-4 BC.</ref> The [[Gospel of Matthew]] notes that Jesus was born during the reign of King [[Herod]], who ruled from 37 B.C. to 4 B.C.<ref>S. Michael Houdmann, ''Questions About Jesus Christ: The 100 Most Frequently Asked Questions About Jesus Christ'', WestBow Press, 2013, p. 70</ref> | The exact date of Jesus’ birth is not recorded in historical documents, though scholars estimate it took place between 6 and 4 B.C.<ref>Craig L. Blomberg, ''Jesus and the Gospels'', B&H Publishing Group, 2009, p. 222, Paradoxical as it sounds, the date of Christ's birth was probably somewhere between 6-4 BC.</ref> The [[The Gospel of Matthew]] notes that Jesus was born during the reign of King [[Herod]], who ruled from 37 B.C. to 4 B.C.<ref>S. Michael Houdmann, ''Questions About Jesus Christ: The 100 Most Frequently Asked Questions About Jesus Christ'', WestBow Press, 2013, p. 70</ref> | ||
The birth of Jesus had been foretold centuries earlier. Around 700 B.C., the prophet [[Isaiah]] predicted that [[God]] Almighty would be born as ''a child'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+9%3A6&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 9:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> while the prophet [[Book of Micah|Micah]], a contemporary of Isaiah, prophesied that the Savior would be born in Bethlehem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Micah+5%3A2&version=NIV |title=Micah 5:2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In fulfillment of these prophecies, Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit through the Virgin Mary and born in a manger in Bethlehem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%201%3A18%E2%80%9323%2C%202%3A1&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:18–23, 2:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Although Mary and her husband Joseph resided in the region of Galilee, they traveled to Bethlehem because of a census decree issued by the Roman Emperor Augustus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A1-7&version=NIV |title=Luke 2:1–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>[https://www.christiantoday.com/article/what.was.the.census.that.took.mary.and.joseph.to.bethlehem/141207.htm What was the Census that took Mary and Joseph to Bethlehem?], ''CHRISTIAN TODAY'', December 24, 2023</ref> | The birth of Jesus had been foretold centuries earlier. Around 700 B.C., the prophet [[Isaiah]] predicted that [[God]] Almighty would be born as ''a child'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+9%3A6&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 9:6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> while the prophet [[Book of Micah|Micah]], a contemporary of Isaiah, prophesied that the Savior would be born in Bethlehem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Micah+5%3A2&version=NIV |title=Micah 5:2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In fulfillment of these prophecies, Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit through the Virgin Mary and born in a manger in Bethlehem.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew%201%3A18%E2%80%9323%2C%202%3A1&version=NIV |title=Matthew 1:18–23, 2:1 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Although Mary and her husband Joseph resided in the region of Galilee, they traveled to Bethlehem because of a census decree issued by the Roman Emperor Augustus.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+2%3A1-7&version=NIV |title=Luke 2:1–7 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>[https://www.christiantoday.com/article/what.was.the.census.that.took.mary.and.joseph.to.bethlehem/141207.htm What was the Census that took Mary and Joseph to Bethlehem?], ''CHRISTIAN TODAY'', December 24, 2023</ref> | ||
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*'''Prophecy of the Last Days and Second Coming''' | *'''Prophecy of the Last Days and Second Coming''' | ||
:The disciples inquired of Jesus regarding the signs that would precede the end of the age and His second coming. Jesus indicated that wars, famines, and earthquakes would mark the onset of birth pains, and that numerous [[False Christ|false Christs]] and prophets would emerge, deceiving many, while lawlessness would abound and love would grow cold.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A3-8&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:3–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He instructed them to observe the Parable of the Fig Tree as a sign of His return,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A32-33&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:32–33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> noting that the fig tree symbolizes Israel in Scripture. The revival of the fig tree, representing Israel’s restoration, is linked to the [[Timing of Jesus’ Second Coming|timing of Jesus’ second coming]]. Additionally, Jesus conveyed the faith that God’s people should embody in the last days through the Parables of the Ten Virgins, the Talents, and the Sheep and the Goats. | :The disciples inquired of Jesus regarding the signs that would precede the end of the age and His second coming. Jesus indicated that wars, famines, and earthquakes would mark the onset of birth pains, and that numerous [[False Christ|false Christs]] and prophets would emerge, deceiving many, while lawlessness would abound and love would grow cold.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A3-8&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:3–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> He instructed them to observe the Parable of the Fig Tree as a sign of His return,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A32-33&version=NIV |title=Matthew 24:32–33 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> noting that the fig tree symbolizes Israel in Scripture. The revival of the fig tree, representing Israel’s restoration, is linked to the [[Timing of Jesus’ Second Coming|timing of Jesus’ second coming]]. Additionally, Jesus conveyed the faith that God’s people should embody in the last days through the Parables of the Ten Virgins, the Talents, and the Sheep and the Goats. | ||
:Meanwhile, the chief priests, [[ | :Meanwhile, the chief priests, [[Scribes in the Bible|scribes]], and [[Elder|elders]] convened at the palace of the high priest Caiaphas to deliberate on how to execute Jesus. At that time, [[Judas Iscariot]], one of the twelve disciples, sought an opportunity to betray Jesus after accepting thirty pieces of silver from the chief priests.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+14%3A10-11&version=NIV |title=Mark 14:10–11 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
===Passion Week: Thursday—The Last Passover=== | ===Passion Week: Thursday—The Last Passover=== | ||
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*'''Repeated Trial and Suffering'''<br>At the dawn of the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]], the day after the Passover, the chief priests and elders conspired to have Jesus executed and brought Him before the governor, Pontius Pilate.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Observing these events, Judas Iscariot felt remorse for his betrayal and attempted to return the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests. However, as they rejected his plea, he threw the silver into the temple and went out to hang himself, ultimately ending his life. The chief priests and elders presented Jesus to Pontius Pilate, accusing Him of misleading the people by forbidding them to pay taxes to Caesar and claiming to be a king. Finding no evidence of wrongdoing, Pilate referred Jesus to Herod Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee, who was in Jerusalem at that time. After interrogating Jesus and receiving no answers, Herod mocked Him before sending Him back to Pilate. Unable to find any grounds for a death sentence against Jesus, Pontius Pilate recalled the custom of releasing one prisoner during the Passover. He presented the crowd with the choice of freeing Barabbas, a notorious criminal, or Jesus. The chief priests and elders incited the crowd to demand Barabbas’ release and call for Jesus’ execution. Fearing a riot, Pilate symbolically washed his hands, declaring, “I am innocent of this man's blood, it is your responsibility!” The crowd responded, “Let his blood be on us and on our children!”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A24-25&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:24–25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Ultimately, Pilate ordered Jesus to be crucified. Subsequently, the soldiers flogged Jesus, placed a crown of thorns on His head, spat on Him, struck Him with a staff, and mocked Him with various insults. They then compelled Jesus to carry His cross and led Him to Golgotha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A11-31&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:11–31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | *'''Repeated Trial and Suffering'''<br>At the dawn of the [[The Feast of Unleavened Bread|Feast of Unleavened Bread]], the day after the Passover, the chief priests and elders conspired to have Jesus executed and brought Him before the governor, Pontius Pilate.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A1-2&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:1–2 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Observing these events, Judas Iscariot felt remorse for his betrayal and attempted to return the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests. However, as they rejected his plea, he threw the silver into the temple and went out to hang himself, ultimately ending his life. The chief priests and elders presented Jesus to Pontius Pilate, accusing Him of misleading the people by forbidding them to pay taxes to Caesar and claiming to be a king. Finding no evidence of wrongdoing, Pilate referred Jesus to Herod Antipas, the tetrarch of Galilee, who was in Jerusalem at that time. After interrogating Jesus and receiving no answers, Herod mocked Him before sending Him back to Pilate. Unable to find any grounds for a death sentence against Jesus, Pontius Pilate recalled the custom of releasing one prisoner during the Passover. He presented the crowd with the choice of freeing Barabbas, a notorious criminal, or Jesus. The chief priests and elders incited the crowd to demand Barabbas’ release and call for Jesus’ execution. Fearing a riot, Pilate symbolically washed his hands, declaring, “I am innocent of this man's blood, it is your responsibility!” The crowd responded, “Let his blood be on us and on our children!”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A24-25&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:24–25 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Ultimately, Pilate ordered Jesus to be crucified. Subsequently, the soldiers flogged Jesus, placed a crown of thorns on His head, spat on Him, struck Him with a staff, and mocked Him with various insults. They then compelled Jesus to carry His cross and led Him to Golgotha.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A11-31&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:11–31 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
*'''Death on the Cross'''<br>At approximately 9 a.m., Roman soldiers crucified Jesus by nailing His hands and feet to the cross. A sign inscribed with the words “King of the Jews” was affixed above His head. During this event, onlookers mocked Jesus, challenging Him with remarks such as, “If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross,” while religious leaders derided Him, stating, “He saved others, but He cannot save Himself.” The spectators viewed Jesus’ suffering and bloodshed, resulting from the scourging and crucifixion, as a punishment appropriate for a sinner. However, the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] attributes this suffering to the sins and transgressions of humanity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A3-8&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:3–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In this context, Jesus accepted the punishment for the sins of humanity, thereby fulfilling the prophecy of the Scriptures. After enduring six hours of agony on the [[cross]], Jesus died at approximately 3 p.m., proclaiming His final words, “It is finished.” At that moment, the curtain of the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|temple]] was torn in two from top to bottom.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A45-53&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:45–53 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This day coincided with the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which commemorated the suffering of the Israelites during the [[Exodus]], and it was also the preparation day for the Sabbath, indicating that it was Friday. | *'''Death on the Cross'''<br>At approximately 9 a.m., Roman soldiers crucified Jesus by nailing His hands and feet to the cross. A sign inscribed with the words “King of the Jews” was affixed above His head. During this event, onlookers mocked Jesus, challenging Him with remarks such as, “If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross,” while religious leaders derided Him, stating, “He saved others, but He cannot save Himself.” The spectators viewed Jesus’ suffering and bloodshed, resulting from the scourging and crucifixion, as a punishment appropriate for a sinner. However, the [[The Old Testament|Old Testament]] attributes this suffering to the sins and transgressions of humanity.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A3-8&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:3–8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> In this context, Jesus accepted the punishment for the sins of humanity, thereby fulfilling the prophecy of the Scriptures. After enduring six hours of agony on the [[cross]], Jesus died at approximately 3 p.m., proclaiming His final words, “It is finished.” At that moment, the curtain of the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|temple]] was torn in two from top to bottom.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A45-53&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:45–53 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> This day coincided with the Feast of Unleavened Bread, which commemorated the suffering of the Israelites during the [[The Exodus|Exodus]], and it was also the preparation day for the Sabbath, indicating that it was Friday. | ||
*'''Burial in the Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea'''<br>As evening approached, a wealthy man named Joseph, a follower of Jesus, approached Pontius Pilate to request the body of Jesus. He wrapped the body in a clean linen cloth and placed it in a new tomb that he had hewn from rock, rolling a large stone to seal the entrance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A57-61&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:57–61 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> By being crucified alongside criminals and interred in the tomb of a wealthy man, Jesus fulfilled the biblical prophecy that proclaimed, “He was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A9&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | *'''Burial in the Tomb of Joseph of Arimathea'''<br>As evening approached, a wealthy man named Joseph, a follower of Jesus, approached Pontius Pilate to request the body of Jesus. He wrapped the body in a clean linen cloth and placed it in a new tomb that he had hewn from rock, rolling a large stone to seal the entrance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+27%3A57-61&version=NIV |title=Matthew 27:57–61 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> By being crucified alongside criminals and interred in the tomb of a wealthy man, Jesus fulfilled the biblical prophecy that proclaimed, “He was assigned a grave with the wicked, and with the rich in his death.”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Isaiah+53%3A9&version=NIV |title=Isaiah 53:9 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
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*[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]] | *[[God in the Flesh (Incarnation)]] | ||
*[[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]] | *[[Prophecies About Jesus in the Bible]] | ||
*[[ | *[[Appearance and Living Environment of Jesus]] | ||
*[[Major | *[[The Major Works of Jesus Christ]] | ||
*[[Miracles | *[[Miracles of Jesus]] | ||
*[[Teachings of Jesus Christ]] | *[[The Teachings of Jesus Christ]] | ||
*[[The Last Supper]] | *[[The Last Supper]] | ||
*[[Crucifixion]] | *[[Crucifixion]] | ||