Pharaoh: Difference between revisions
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[[file:Pharaoh.svg |thumb|296x296px|The typical depiction of a pharaoh in ancient Egypt]] | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:바로 (파라오)]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->[[file:Pharaoh.svg |thumb|296x296px|The typical depiction of a pharaoh in ancient Egypt]]'''Pharaoh''' was the common title used for the kings of ancient Egypt. As the supreme ruler, the pharaoh held both political and religious authority and was even regarded as a divine being. | ||
'''Pharaoh''' was the common title used for the kings of ancient Egypt. As the supreme ruler, the pharaoh held both political and religious authority and was even regarded as a divine being. | |||
Egypt, located to the south of Israel, frequently appears throughout biblical history. In the [[Bible]], the ruler of Egypt is sometimes referred to simply as “Pharaoh,”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+12%3A15&version=NIV Genesis 12:15], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+1%3A11&version=NIV Exodus 1:11]</ref> and at other times as “Pharaoh king of Egypt,” combining the title with the descriptive phrase “king of Egypt.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+41%3A46&version=NIV Genesis 41:46], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+7%3A8&version=NIV Deuteronomy 7:8]</ref> In some passages, the title appears together with a specific name—for example, “Pharaoh Neco.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+23%3A29&version=NIV 2 Kings 23:29]</ref> Altogether, five Pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Bible: Shishak, So, Tirhakah, Neco, and Hophra. | Egypt, located to the south of Israel, frequently appears throughout biblical history. In the [[Bible]], the ruler of Egypt is sometimes referred to simply as “Pharaoh,”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+12%3A15&version=NIV Genesis 12:15], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+1%3A11&version=NIV Exodus 1:11]</ref> and at other times as “Pharaoh king of Egypt,” combining the title with the descriptive phrase “king of Egypt.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+41%3A46&version=NIV Genesis 41:46], [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deuteronomy+7%3A8&version=NIV Deuteronomy 7:8]</ref> In some passages, the title appears together with a specific name—for example, “Pharaoh Neco.”<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Kings+23%3A29&version=NIV 2 Kings 23:29]</ref> Altogether, five Pharaohs are mentioned by name in the Bible: Shishak, So, Tirhakah, Neco, and Hophra. | ||
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====Bithia’s Father, Pharaoh==== | ====Bithia’s Father, Pharaoh==== | ||
In [[ | In [[1 Chronicles|1 Chronicles]], Bithia, the daughter of Pharaoh,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Chronicles+4%3A18&version=NIV |title=1 Chronicles 4:18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> is mentioned as the wife of Mered from the tribe of Judah. Her name, Bithia, means “daughter of the [[Jehovah|LORD]].”<ref>[https://nameberry.com/b/girl-baby-name-bithiah Bithiah], ''Nameberry''</ref> However, since the Bible provides no further details about Bithia or Mered, scholars conclude that it is impossible to determine which pharaoh was her father.<ref>[https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/12086-pharaoh Pharaoh,] ''Jewish Encyclopedia''</ref> | ||
===The United Kingdom of Israel=== | ===The United Kingdom of Israel=== | ||
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====Pharaoh Necho==== | ====Pharaoh Necho==== | ||
Pharaoh Necho refers to Necho II, the second king of Egypt’s 26th Dynasty (reigned c. 609–594 BC). He ascended the throne around 609 BC, three years after the fall of [[Nineveh]], the Assyrian capital. Seeking to assert Egyptian dominance over the Euphrates region before the rising power of [[Babylon]]—under King Nabopolassar and Crown Prince [[Nebuchadnezzar]]—became too strong, Necho launched a series of military campaigns shortly after taking the throne. During these campaigns, he captured the Philistine cities of Gaza and Ashkelon, bringing much of Palestine under Egyptian control.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+47%3A1-5&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 47:1–5|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | Pharaoh Necho refers to Necho II, the second king of Egypt’s 26th Dynasty (reigned c. 609–594 BC). He ascended the throne around 609 BC, three years after the fall of [[Nineveh]], the Assyrian capital. Seeking to assert Egyptian dominance over the Euphrates region before the rising power of [[Babylon]]—under King Nabopolassar and Crown Prince [[Nebuchadnezzar]]—became too strong, Necho launched a series of military campaigns shortly after taking the throne. During these campaigns, he captured the Philistine cities of Gaza and Ashkelon, bringing much of Palestine under Egyptian control.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jeremiah+47%3A1-5&version=NIV |title=Jeremiah 47:1–5|publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
[[file:Francesco Conti - Death of King Josiah.jpg|thumb|225x225px|King Josiah killed at the | [[file:Francesco Conti - Death of King Josiah.jpg|thumb|225x225px|King Josiah killed at the Battle of Megiddo]] | ||
{{quote5 |내용=Neco king of Egypt went up to fight at Carchemish on the Euphrates, and Josiah marched out to meet him in battle. But Neco sent messengers to him, saying, “. . . It is not you I am attacking at this time, but the house with which I am at war. . . .” Josiah, however, would not turn away from him . . . but went to fight him on the plain of Megiddo . . . he died. He was buried in the tombs of his fathers. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+35%3A20-24&version=NIV 2 Chronicles 35:20–24]}} | {{quote5 |내용=Neco king of Egypt went up to fight at Carchemish on the Euphrates, and Josiah marched out to meet him in battle. But Neco sent messengers to him, saying, “. . . It is not you I am attacking at this time, but the house with which I am at war. . . .” Josiah, however, would not turn away from him . . . but went to fight him on the plain of Megiddo . . . he died. He was buried in the tombs of his fathers. |출처=[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Chronicles+35%3A20-24&version=NIV 2 Chronicles 35:20–24]}} | ||