Sacrifices in the Old Testament: Difference between revisions
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[[ | <!-- interlanguage:start -->[[ko:구약의 제사]]<!-- interlanguage:end -->The '''sacrifices''' '''of the''' '''Old Testament''' refer to the rituals of [[Worship|worshiping]] [[God]] during the Old Testament times. Sacrifices were offered to God by His people, who had been separated from God due to their sins, to receive the [[Forgiveness of Sins|forgiveness of sins]], draw closer to Him, or show their gratitude to Him. Typically, they sacrificed animals such as sheep, cattle, and goats with blood shedding, and used them for burnt offerings.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+46%3A1&version=NIV Genesis 46:1] </ref><ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+10%3A25&version=NIV Exodus 10:25] </ref> | ||
The '''sacrifices''' '''of the''' '''Old Testament''' refer to the rituals of [[Worship|worshiping]] [[God]] during the Old Testament times. Sacrifices were offered to God by His people, who had been separated from God due to their sins, to receive the [[Forgiveness of Sins|forgiveness of sins]], draw closer to Him, or show their gratitude to Him. Typically, they sacrificed animals such as sheep, cattle, and goats with blood shedding, and used them for burnt offerings.<ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+46%3A1&version=NIV Genesis 46:1] </ref><ref>[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus+10%3A25&version=NIV Exodus 10:25] </ref> | |||
From the time of Moses, the priests, who were appointed according to the law, offered sacrifices in the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|sanctuary]]; and from the time of [[Solomon]], sacrifices were made in the [[Jerusalem]] Temple. In the New Testament times, through Jesus’ [[ | From the time of Moses, the priests, who were appointed according to the law, offered sacrifices in the [[Sanctuary (Tabernacle)|sanctuary]]; and from the time of [[Solomon]], sacrifices were made in the [[Jerusalem]] Temple. In the New Testament times, through Jesus’ [[Crucifixion|sacrifice on the cross]], the sacrifices of the Old Testament were changed to [[Worship|worshiping]] God in spirit and in truth.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+4%3A21-24&version=NIV |title=John 4:21–24 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
== Origin and History of the Sacrifices in the Old Testament== | == Origin and History of the Sacrifices in the Old Testament== | ||
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Since that time, the system of sacrificing animals was passed down from generation to generation, and many forefathers of faith offered sacrifices. [[Noah]] sacrificed animals after the flood,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+8%3A20&version=NIV |title=Genesis 8:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and [[Abraham]] offered sacrifices in the same way.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+15%3A9-18&version=NIV |title=Genesis 15:9–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | Since that time, the system of sacrificing animals was passed down from generation to generation, and many forefathers of faith offered sacrifices. [[Noah]] sacrificed animals after the flood,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+8%3A20&version=NIV |title=Genesis 8:20 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> and [[Abraham]] offered sacrifices in the same way.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+15%3A9-18&version=NIV |title=Genesis 15:9–18 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
The practice of sacrificing animals and offering their blood was established as a regulation when the [[Law of Moses|law]] was established during the time of Moses. From then on, the tribe of Levi, to which [[Aaron]], the first high priest, belonged, served in the sanctuary and presided over all the sacrifices. | The practice of sacrificing animals and offering their blood was established as a regulation when the [[The Law of Moses|law]] was established during the time of Moses. From then on, the tribe of Levi, to which [[Aaron]], the first high priest, belonged, served in the sanctuary and presided over all the sacrifices. | ||
;* '''Sacrifice Offered by Melchizedek''' | ;* '''Sacrifice Offered by Melchizedek''' | ||
:[[Melchizedek]], king of Salem, who appeared during the time of Abraham, was the only priest who offered a sacrifice in a different way from all the others.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14%3A17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 14:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Melchizedek offered a sacrifice with bread and wine; he represented [[Christ]] who would appear as the High Priest in the [[Order of Priest|order]] of Melchizedek and establish the new covenant.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+5%3A8&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 5:8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | :[[Melchizedek]], king of Salem, who appeared during the time of Abraham, was the only priest who offered a sacrifice in a different way from all the others.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Genesis+14%3A17&version=NIV |title=Genesis 14:17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Melchizedek offered a sacrifice with bread and wine; he represented [[Christ]] who would appear as the High Priest in the [[Order of Priest|order]] of Melchizedek and establish the new covenant.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Hebrews+5%3A8&version=NIV |title=Hebrews 5:8 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
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====Fellowship Offering==== | ====Fellowship Offering==== | ||
A fellowship offering was offered to thank God for forgiving their sins and wrongs, make a vow to God, or offer with a freewill.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 7:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Fellowship offering does not indicate a specific ceremony, but rather a general term for all the sacrifices offered voluntarily. Thank offerings, freewill | A fellowship offering was offered to thank God for forgiving their sins and wrongs, make a vow to God, or offer with a freewill.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A11-12&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 7:11–12 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> Fellowship offering does not indicate a specific ceremony, but rather a general term for all the sacrifices offered voluntarily. Thank offerings, freewill offerings, and vows to God all belong to fellowship offerings. | ||
*'''Method of Sacrifice''': Unlike the sin offering and the guilt offering, there was no specific animal that needed to be sacrificed. The sacrifice of fellowship offering was offered with '''bread made without yeast''' and mixed with oil, wafers spread with oil, and cakes. The meat of thank offerings had to be eaten on the day, but the meat offered for fulfilling a vow or meat of freewill offering were allowed to be consumed by the following day. After the priest offered the fellowship offering, a ceremony of a heave offering and a wave offering was performed. As for the meat of the fellowship offering, some was given to the priests who held the sacrificial ceremony, and some was given to the person who brought the sacrifice ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A11%E2%80%9321&version=NIV Leviticus 7:11–21]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A28%E2%80%9334&version=NIV 28–34]). | *'''Method of Sacrifice''': Unlike the sin offering and the guilt offering, there was no specific animal that needed to be sacrificed. The sacrifice of fellowship offering was offered with '''bread made without yeast''' and mixed with oil, wafers spread with oil, and cakes. The meat of thank offerings had to be eaten on the day, but the meat offered for fulfilling a vow or meat of freewill offering were allowed to be consumed by the following day. After the priest offered the fellowship offering, a ceremony of a heave offering and a wave offering was performed. As for the meat of the fellowship offering, some was given to the priests who held the sacrificial ceremony, and some was given to the person who brought the sacrifice ([https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A11%E2%80%9321&version=NIV Leviticus 7:11–21]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A28%E2%80%9334&version=NIV 28–34]). | ||
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====Burnt Offering==== | ====Burnt Offering==== | ||
A burnt offering is a sacrifice by burning an animal on the altar.<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/5930.htm 5930. olah], ''Bible Hub''</ref> This was the most common type of offering in the Old Testament times. It was offered as a [[Regular Burnt Offering|regular burnt offering]], and on the [[Sabbath]] and the feasts. In general, sheep, goats, and cattle were sacrificed, and those who could not afford them were allowed to offer a dove or a pigeon. With the fragrant smell of the burnt offering, they sought mercy from God’s wrath and received the forgiveness of their sins committed by themselves or the group. | A burnt offering is a sacrifice by burning an animal on the altar.<ref>[https://biblehub.com/hebrew/5930.htm 5930. olah], ''Bible Hub''</ref> This was the most common type of offering in the Old Testament times. It was offered as a [[Regular Burnt Offering (Regular Prayer Time)|regular burnt offering]], and on the [[Sabbath]] and the feasts. In general, sheep, goats, and cattle were sacrificed, and those who could not afford them were allowed to offer a dove or a pigeon. With the fragrant smell of the burnt offering, they sought mercy from God’s wrath and received the forgiveness of their sins committed by themselves or the group. | ||
A burnt offering is a ritual that uses fire, so it is a type of offering by fire. It is also different from the sin offering and the guilt offering, which allowed the use of grain, depending on the circumstances, since only animals were permitted to be used for a burnt offering. The fact that all the offerings are burned on the altar is another characteristic that distinguishes them from other offerings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+1%3A1-17&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 1:1–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | A burnt offering is a ritual that uses fire, so it is a type of offering by fire. It is also different from the sin offering and the guilt offering, which allowed the use of grain, depending on the circumstances, since only animals were permitted to be used for a burnt offering. The fact that all the offerings are burned on the altar is another characteristic that distinguishes them from other offerings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+1%3A1-17&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 1:1–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
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The grain offering was also offered for the daily sacrifices or the Sabbath offering. It was not offered alone, but offered along with the burnt offering.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+28%3A4-6&version=NIV |title=Numbers 28:4–6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+28%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Numbers 28:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | The grain offering was also offered for the daily sacrifices or the Sabbath offering. It was not offered alone, but offered along with the burnt offering.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+28%3A4-6&version=NIV |title=Numbers 28:4–6 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Numbers+28%3A9-10&version=NIV |title=Numbers 28:9–10 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
On the [[Feast of Weeks]], the fiftieth day after the [[ | On the [[Feast of Weeks]], the fiftieth day after the [[Feast of Firstfruits]], a new grain offering was offered to God; two loaves made of fine flour were offered to God as a wave offering.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+23%3A15-17&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 23:15–17 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref> | ||
====Drink Offering==== | ====Drink Offering==== | ||
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====Heave Offering==== | ====Heave Offering==== | ||
''To heave'' means ''to lift''. A heave offering is an offering presented by lifting it. It is a type of sacrifice in which the sacrifice is raised high on the altar of burnt offering and then put down. This symbolizes | ''To heave'' means ''to lift''. A heave offering is an offering presented by lifting it. It is a type of sacrifice in which the sacrifice is raised high on the altar of burnt offering and then put down. This symbolizes that the offering is presented to God and then received back by the priest from God.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Leviticus+7%3A14&version=NIV |title=Leviticus 7:14 |publisher= |quote= }}</ref><ref>[https://www.studylight.org/study-desk.html?q1=Numbers+15%3A19-21&OLWordSearchRange=beg&q2=&ss=0&t1=eng_n84&t2=eng_kjv&t3=eng_nas&ns=0&sr=1&ot=bhs&nt=wh&hv1=1&b=verse&d=3 Numbers 15:19–21]</ref> | ||
====Wave Offering==== | ====Wave Offering==== | ||
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==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Worship]] | *[[Worship]] | ||
*[[Law of Moses]] | *[[The Law of Moses]] | ||
*[[Forgiveness of Sins]] | *[[Forgiveness of Sins]] | ||
*[[New Covenant]] | *[[New Covenant]] | ||